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Biomedical subjects

R J Graydon

Publications and source records attributed to R J Graydon.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

The hemodynamics of erectile dysfunction following nerve-sparing radical retropubic prostatectomy.

OBJECTIVE: Despite the advent of the nerve-sparing radical retropubic prostatectomy (NSRRP) a significant number of men still suffer from post radical prostatectomy impotence. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pathogenesis of erectile dysfunction following NSRRP and to define the previously reported vascular mechanism. Furthermore, it was our goal to clarify the respective contributions of arterial and venous components. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixteen potent males with localized prostate carcinoma underwent dynamic infusion cavernosometry preoperatively to assess arterial and venous hemodynamics. Ten of these men were impotent following the operation and had repeat cavernosometric evaluation six months postoperatively. RESULTS: On cavernosometry all 10 patients had arterial insufficiency on at least one side, six patients had bilateral changes. The mean reduction in CAOP was 50% (range 30-70%). Four patients met criteria for the diagnosis of corporovenocclusive dysfunction on cavernosometry. CONCLUSIONS: These data strongly support a vascular mechanism in the genesis of post-NSRRP impotence. This mechanism is predominantly arterial in nature, but some men have a mixed pattern with both arterial and venous components. The postoperative arterial insufficiency may be the result of intraoperative injury to the accessory pudendal artery. The exact means by which CVOD develops in this situation remains unclear at this time.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

The pathology of experimental Trypanosoma evansi infection in the Indonesian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).

Six Indonesian buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) were inoculated intravenously with 10(5) Trypanosoma evansi, examined clinically, haematologically and serologically, and then killed 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 or 12 weeks after infection for detailed pathological study. Relapsing fever was related to the waves of parasitaemia and fluctuations of pulse and respiration rates. Anaemic mucous membranes, depression, weakness, refusal to walk, loss of appetite and emaciation were seen. Body weight, packed cell volume, total platelet and red cell counts, and haemoglobin values were below those of two uninfected control buffaloes, as well as below the normal range; on the other hand antibody titres against T. evansi in infected animals were all above those in controls. Emaciation, serous atrophy of fat, hydropericardium, petechial to larger haemorrhages in the pericardium, pneumonia, congested liver and spleen, oedematous enlargement of the superficial lymph nodes and hyperplastic bone marrow were the major gross pathological changes. Histologically, the severity of the disease increased from 1 to 7 weeks after infection and became less obvious at 12 weeks. The most consistent lesions were interstitial pneumonia, interstitial myocarditis, splenic multifocal necrosis, interstitial myositis and hyperplastic bone marrow. The last three lesions appear not to have been reported previously in T. evansi infection in buffaloes or other animals. The clinicopathological findings in this study show that T. evansi is both an intravascular and extravascular parasite.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Improved pump placement with infrapubic penile prosthetic implantation.

A common problem with implantation of an inflatable penile prosthesis is inadequate placement and/or fixation of the pump mechanism. We report on a total of 45 of our most recent patients who underwent penile prosthesis implantation for erectile dysfunction. In all cases the implants were placed with an infrapubic approach in conjunction with a penoscrotal counterincision for improved pump placement and fixation. One patient (2.2%) had an infectious complication requiring revision. When we compared this infection rate with the infectious complication rates reported in the literature, we found that adding a penoscrotal counterincision did not increase the risk of infectious complication to the patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of Cowper's gland.

We report an additional case of primary adenoid cystic carcinoma of Cowper's gland in an otherwise healthy asymptomatic 66-year-old man. Based on a review of similar lesions presenting in the head and neck, our treatment plan entailed pelvic exenteration followed by radiation therapy. Whether adenoid cystic carcinoma of Cowper's gland behaves as aggressively as it does in the head and neck remains unclear. However, in view of the extensive local invasion in our patient and a previously successful outcome, a combined surgical and radiation approach appears to be the most appropriate therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Photosensitisation and crystal-associated cholangiohepatopathy in sheep grazing Brachiaria decumbens.

Two outbreaks of photosensitivity and jaundice in sheep grazing the grass, Brachiaria decumbens. In West Java in 1983 and 1983 and 1990 are described. Aggregates of acicular clefts and crystals were present in bile canaliculi, bile ducts, Kupffer cells, hepatocytes and in kidney tubules. The number of crystals increased with the length of exposure to the plant and sheep that died had the largest accumulations. These crystalline structures have been reported before in this syndrome, but are similar to those seen in Tribulus terrestris and Panicum spp toxicities.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A method of cerebro-cortical biopsy in lambs.

A suction needle brain biopsy technique is a safe and effective method of obtaining cerebral cortex for experimental purposes in lambs. The biopsies are performed under general anaesthesia using halothane and oxygen following barbiturate induction. The method may have a number of related used in this of other species.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1985

Survival with localized carcinoma: radical prostatectomy vs radiation therapy.

The charts of all patients receiving radical surgery and radiation therapy for cancer localized to the prostate in the years 1950 to 1977 in the State of Connecticut were reviewed. Long-term survival rates at ten and fifteen years were considerably better in those patients treated with radical surgery.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1985

Three phenotypes of glucosephosphate isomerase in sheep: improved staining recipe.

Contrary to results published recently, we observe three, rather than two, phenotypes for the enzyme glucosephosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.9) from sheep. The phenotypic electrophoretic patterns conform to the patterns observed for this dimeric enzyme in other species. Genotype frequencies in a flock of Southdowns do not deviate significantly from those predicted under the assumption of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. A remarkable observation is that the electrophoretically distinct phenotypes of GPI are largely or entirely obliterated by the addition of 1-10 mmol/l MgCl2 to the electrophoretic buffers. Modification of the usual staining recipe for GPI result in greater resolution and shorter staining times.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Ceroid-lipofuscinosis (Batten's disease). Sequential electrophysiologic and pathologic changes in the retina of the ovine model.

The sequential electrophysiologic and pathologic changes in the retina in ceroid-lipofuscinosis were recorded in a time-course study in the ovine model. Over a relatively short period in the course of the disease, a severe reduction in both rod and cone b-wave amplitudes developed with rod b-wave changes preceeding those of cones. These changes paralleled a similar loss of rod and cone photoreceptor cells. In affected retinas, outer segments appeared shorter than normal. By 84 weeks of age, the outer nuclear layer was reduced to the width of a single nucleus. In addition to these changes, electronmicroscopy showed the formation of abnormal dystrophic rod and cone outer segments in photoreceptor cells. Most cells in the retina showed the accumulation of a fluorescent lipopigment, this being most prominent in ganglion cells. Ultrastructural studies showed them to be made of electron dense granular material and a variety of membranous and tubular arrays.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Pyelolithotomy of a renal transplant.

A large calculus developed in a renal transplant patient and was removed by pyelolithotomy. Hyperparathyroidism was not present. Important factors to consider before performing a nephrolithotomy in a transplanted kidney are whether the transplant was a right or left kidney and the timing of the operation in relation to renal function and infection. The etiology for renal stone formation in renal transplant recipients includes hyercalciuria, renal tubular acidosis, antacid administration and infection.

Antacids↗