Increased emphasis on outcomes needed in geriatric field.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R J Ham.
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For a survey of geriatric education in medical schools in the United States in 1983, data were received from one hundred schools. Increasing numbers of schools are providing required geriatric curriculum, and over 80 per cent of schools offer fourth-year electives. Ninety per cent of schools have physician faculty in geriatrics, affiliated with major departments, for an average of 2.5 full-time equivalents per school. Training sites are expanding to include many noninstitutional settings. Issues of curriculum content and impact, as well as faculty development, require further investigation.
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The factors that make an elderly person at risk for increased dependency and institutionalization are becoming more clearly defined. Family physicians should be familiar with the potential sources of support that can maintain increasingly dependent older persons in their own homes. A nursing home placement requires careful consideration to ensure appropriate placement and continuing family involvement in the life of the nursing home resident.
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An evaluation of a case-based, problem-oriented, modular curriculum in geriatrics for medical students was designed by the authors to investigate (a) whether students would demonstrate cognitive knowledge gain in geriatrics, (b) whether students' attitudes toward the elderly would change favorably, (c) whether suggested learning activities in geriatrics would positively influence students' ratings of these activities in geriatrics, and (d) which institutional characteristics facilitate implementation of the new curriculum. The results indicated that using the modules did produce statistically significant gains in students' cognitive knowledge of geriatrics. Using the modules did not, however, influence the students' attitudes toward the elderly. Clinical or related learning activities involving elderly persons were rated positively by students; however, only two of the participating medical schools in the evaluation provided such experiences. Data from questionnaires and site visits identified several factors which may be helpful in the implementation of geriatrics or other new curricular material into existing curricular structures.
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