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R J Hanson

Publications and source records attributed to R J Hanson.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Identification of distal KIR promoters and transcripts.

A more complete understanding of the transcriptional control of the human and murine class I MHC receptors will help to shed light on the mechanism of selective, stochastic, gene activation that operates in these gene families. Studies of the murine Ly49 class I MHC receptor genes have revealed an important role for distal transcripts originating upstream of the proximal promoter. To date, there have been no reports of distal promoters within the functionally analogous human KIR family of class I MHC receptors. In the current study, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and RNase protection assays were used to reveal the presence of distal KIR transcripts initiating upstream of the previously characterized proximal KIR promoter. The intergenic promoter elements detected were associated with repetitive elements of the Alu and L1 families. Unlike the proximal KIR promoter, the distal promoter regions were not NK cell-specific. KIR genes expressed in a variegated manner produced a low level of distal transcripts containing a large 5' untranslated region. In contrast, the highly expressed KIR2DL4 gene possessed a higher level of spliced distal transcripts that were capable of producing KIR2DL4 protein. The identification of distal KIR promoter elements suggests that intergenic transcripts may influence the expression of KIR genes.

Cell Line↗
PubMed2006

National survey of the technique of intravitreal triamcinolone injection in the United Kingdom.

OBJECTIVES: Intravitreal injection of steroids is a rapidly evolving treatment option for a variety of retinal pathologies. There is wide variation among ophthalmologists regarding dose of steroid and the technique of injection. Through this survey we aim to describe the current practice of injection of intravitreal steroid among ophthalmic consultants in the United Kingdom and review the literature. METHODS: A postal questionnaire was sent to all the 901 ophthalmic consultants in the United Kingdom. The questions covered frequency of intravitreal steroid injections, subspecialty interest, dosage and volume of steroid, patient preparation, surgeon preparation, and postoperative management. RESULTS: The response rate to the questionnaire was 63%. A total of 24.7% perform intravitreal steroid injections regularly with 90% of users performing five or fewer injections per month. In all, 94% use a dose of 4 mg. Among surgeons, 38% do not prescribe postoperative antibiotics or steroids and 59% check intraocular pressure either on the same or the next day. CONCLUSION: The relatively short experience with this technique has not yet allowed a clear picture to emerge of indications, complications or best practice administration. Published descriptions of intravitreal steroid injection techniques vary widely and variations are not evidence based. Observed UK practice is diverse.

Anterior Chamber↗
PubMed1996

Efficient extraction and partial purification of the polyribosome-associated stem-loop binding protein bound to the 3' end of histone mRNA.

Replication-dependent histone mRNAs end in a highly conserved stem-loop sequence rather than a polyA sequence. A 45-kDa stem-loop binding protein (SLBP), which specifically binds the stem-loop of histone mRNA, is present in both polyribosomes and nuclei. An identical 45-kDa protein, as determined by partial protease digestion, is cross-linked to a 30 nt RNA containing the 3' stem-loop from both nuclei and polyribosomes. The SLBP can also be detected by a Northwestern blot procedure using the 30 nt RNA as a probe. As judged from the Northwestern assay, more than 90% of the SLBP in the cell is found in the polyribosomes with the remaining SLBP localized to the nucleus. Only 5-10% of the SLBP could be extracted from the polyribosomes with salt. Treatment of the polyribosomes with micrococcal nuclease prior to salt extraction solubilized 5-10 times more SLBP as an RNA-protein complex. The SLBP could be subsequently partially purified from this complex.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

The polyribosomal protein bound to the 3' end of histone mRNA can function in histone pre-mRNA processing.

Cell cycle-regulated histone mRNAs end in a conserved 26-nt sequence that can form a stem-loop with a six-base stem and a four-base loop. The 3' end of histone mRNA has distinct functions in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. In the nucleus it functions in pre-mRNA processing and transport, whereas in the cytoplasm it functions in translation and regulation of histone mRNA stability. The stem-loop binding protein (SLBP), present in both nuclei and polyribosomes, is likely the trans-acting factor that binds to the 3' end of mature histone mRNA and mediates its function. A nuclear extract that efficiently processes histone pre-mRNA was prepared from mouse myeloma cells. The factor(s) that bind to the 3' end of histone mRNA can be depleted from this extract using a biotinylated oligonucleotide containing the conserved stem-loop sequence. Using this depleted extract which is deficient in histone pre-mRNA processing, we show that SLBP found in polyribosomes can restore processing, suggesting that SLBP associates with histone pre-mRNA in the nucleus, participates in processing, and then accompanies the mature mRNA to the cytoplasm.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

The polyribosomal protein bound to the 3' end of histone mRNA can function in histone pre-mRNA processing.

Histone mRNAs end in a conserved 26 nt sequence which can form a stem-loop with a six-base stem and a four base loop. The 3' end of histone mRNA functions in the nucleus in pre-mRNA processing and mRNA transport and in the cytoplasm in translation and regulation of histone mRNA stability. The stem-loop binding protein (SLBP), found in both the polyribosomes and the nucleus, binds to the 3' end of histone mRNA. A nuclear extract which efficiently processes histone pre-mRNA has been prepared from mouse myeloma cells. The factors which bind the 3' end of histone mRNA can be depleted from this extract using a biotinylated oligonucleotide. Using the depleted extract, we show that the SLBP found in the polyribosomes can function in histone pre-mRNA processing, suggesting that the SLBP associates with histone pre-mRNA in the nucleus and accompanies the mature mRNA to the cytoplasm.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Use of the total quality process in an infection control program: a surprising customer-needs assessment.

The University of Michigan Hospitals began a quality management and improvement process in 1987 as the framework for all of its quality-related efforts and activities. The Infection Control Services department used total quality techniques to develop its mission statement, identify customers, identify customer requirements, and develop quality improvement objectives to meet the requirements. A service evaluation of customers resulted in specific improvement activities. An unexpected result of this evaluation was the difference noted between the Infection Control Services staff members' perception of customer requirements and these customers' actual needs. ICPs should use the continuous quality improvement tools and techniques to enhance their activities within their institutions, to better meet their customer needs, and to make sure that they are complementing their institution's mission.

Consumer Behavior↗