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Biomedical subjects

R J Hartzman

Publications and source records attributed to R J Hartzman.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

In vitro influenza virus-specific antibody production in man: antigen-specific and HLA-restricted induction of helper activity mediated by cloned human T lymphocytes.

Cloned human T lymphocytes induced with influenza A virus (A/Texas/1/77) and maintained in continuous culture with T cell growth factor were assayed for helper function in the in vitro production of anti-influenza antibody. Helper function mediated by both cloned helper T cells and normal peripheral blood lymphocytes was highly antigen dose-dependent, requiring lower concentrations than that necessary to induce blastogenesis. Optimal help was observed with 1 X 10(2) cloned T cells per culture, whereas excess helper cells inhibited the response. After culture with influenza A virus-induced cloned helper T cells, the antibodies formed were directed against influenza A and not B virus. Furthermore, the cloned helper T cells despite being specific for matrix protein collaborated in the production of predominantly anti-hemagglutinin antibody, suggesting associative recognition of the two discrete antigens. Cellular interactions between cloned helper cells from an HLA-Dw1,3 DR1,3 individual and erythrocyte rosette-negative cells required HLA-Dw1; DR1 compatibility for the production of specific antibody. This was confirmed by using subclones. Finally, it was observed that supernatants of the cloned helper T cells contained functional activity capable of replacing the parent cells in the production of anti-influenza A virus antibody.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1981

Rapid matching for transplantation: PHA primed lymphocytes.

Human lymphocytes, 10 days after treatment with phytohemagglutinin P (PHA-P), show PLT (secondary in vitro restimulation) reaction patterns which correspond to their cellular (HLA-D) type. Lymphocytes with shared cellular type stimulate PHA primed cells to a lesser degree than the majority of lymphocytes with unshared HLA-D type, which stimulate a strong response. Using a standard 3H thymidine incorporation technique, it is possible to detect responses in as early as 12 hr total incubation time, although usually a 22-48 hr total incubation time is normally required. This method is simple, gives results that correspond to the primary mixed leukocyte response, and thus may be useful as a cross-matching technique for cadaveric renal transplantation.

HLA Antigens↗
PubMed1981

Monoclonal and xenoantibodies specific for HLA-DR inhibit primary responses to HLA-D but fail to inhibit secondary proliferative (PLT) responses to allogeneic cells.

Monoclonal antibodies (DA-2 and CA-2) and xenoantisera (rabbit anti-human, p23,30) specific for HLA-DR framework determinants were added to primary and secondary mixed lymphocyte cultures. Although such antisera were shown to inhibit primary MLC, primed lymphocytes were much less sensitive to the blocking effects of these antibodies. In the studies shown here, the concentration of antibody required to inhibit primary MLC reactions was 0.1-1.5 micrograms/ml).

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Statistical methods for studying homozygous typing cells of unknown specificity.

A situation can arise in D typing in which the HLA (A,B,C,D, or DR) specificities of the responders are known and the specificities of the HTC's are unknown. The most powerful and direct method of detecting association between the unknown stimulator (HTC) and any given HLA specificity is by comparing the observed double normalized values (DNV's) of individuals known to be positive for the specificity with the DNV's of negative individuals. This can be done by comparing the two groups with a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (K-S test), an established statistical procedure for evaluating correlation between continuous variables, such as the DNV, and discrete variables (such as presence of D type). The application of the K-S test will generate as a "cutoff" value of point that maximizes the average of the frequencies of correct assignments in D positives and D negatives. We also propose an alternative method of computing the "r" value. We have analyzed 49 HTC's from the 8th International Workshop and present the association observed with the D and DR specificities.

Alleles↗
PubMed1981

Evidence for a new HLA-region determinant detected by human T-lymphocyte clones (TLCs).

Human peripheral blood T-lymphocytes were stimulated by allogeneic cells in primary MLC and subsequently cloned by limiting dilution in the presence of lymphocyte conditioned medium (LyCM). Following expansion, clones were tested for specific proliferation against a panel of 32 stimulator cells including cells from the family of the original stimulator (FLAM). Two clones, TLC 14-14 and TLC 14-86, responded to FLAM and to a cell homozygous for Dw5 (JPSU), but not to other unrelated panel members; reactivity segregated with the haplotype containing Dw1 in FLAM's family. In separate experiments, TLC 14-14 was restimulated by an antigen encoded by the maternal "c" haplotype in JPSU's family. This antigen may be a new determinant on the same molecule as Dw1 and 5 or, more likely, encoded by a new gene associated with these specificities.

Clone Cells↗
PubMed1980

Suppressive effect of human interferon on memory cells primed to different HLA-D specificities.

In primed lymphocyte typing (PLT), lymphocytes will respond with accelerated kinetics and increased magnitude when confronted with the same stimulating cells in a secondary MLC, or with other cells sharing their HLA-D determinants. Human lymphoblastoid interferon (HIF) caused a dose-dependent inhibition of 3H-TdR uptake in PLT cultures. Flow cytometry cell cycle analysis of HIF-treated PLT cells has shown reduced number of cells in S phase with a concomitant rise in the number of cells in the G0-G1 phase; this suggests that interferon has blocked the progression of PLT cells into S phase. Also HIF inhibited cells proliferation in response to a third party sharing a common determinant, Dw5 with the primary stimulator cell. HIF may be a potential immuno-suppressive agent for transplantation. The well-known antiviral effect of HIF might also prove useful in prevention opportunistic viral infection during transplantation.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1978

Detection of B cell antibodies in renal transplant recipients.

A retrospective study for the presence of lymphocytotoxic antibodies was performed on sera collected from 119 kidney graft recipients. Sera that had been collected on days 12 to 19 post-transplant were tested for cytotoxic reactions against a panel of human peripheral blood lymphocytes from 60 unrelated donors and 37 to 47 cultured human lymphoid cell lines (LCL). Forty-nine sera were negative against peripheral blood lymphocytes but contained cytotoxic antibody against cells on the LCL panel. Several sera were tested on E rosette-purified peripheral blood lymphocyte B cells and T cells from five donors whose LCL had also been tested. LCL appeared to be more sensitive to cytotoxic reactions than their B cell counterparts and may identify additional specificities which may not be related to the B cell alloantigenic system. Mixed lymphocyte culture blocking experiments were carried out against all combinations of these five cells. Some sera showed reactions of identity for B cells and LCL, and blocked the appropriate stimulator cells in mixed lymphocyte culture. Two sera that were positive for LCL but negative for B cell blocked only responder cells in the mixed lymphocyte culture.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1978

Cellular immunity to cytomegalovirus in a patient following bone marrow transplantation.

Cell-mediated immunity to cytomegalovirus (CMV) was studied in a bone marrow transplant patient with evidence of active CMV infection. The lymphocytes from this patient were found to specifically recognize and respond in vitro by transformation to CMV-infected Wistar-38 fibroblasts and by production of macrophage migration inhibition factor to CMV antigen. In addition, plasma and spinal fluid from the patient were found to contain blocking factor that specifically inhibited the lymphocyte response in the above assays. Biochemical, biophysical, and immunological studies indicate that the blocking factor may be an antigen-antibody complex.

Adolescent↗