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Biomedical subjects

R J Long

Publications and source records attributed to R J Long.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Occupational injuries: a study of health care workers at a northwestern health science center and teaching hospital.

1. This retrospective study examined the magnitude of the problem of work related health hazards affecting professional and non-professional employees of a state university health science center and hospital. 2. From the 1,513 injury episodes that occurred among the 9,668 employees during the 32 month study period, it was determined that the highest risk categories for both department and job were nursing, housekeeping, food service, and laboratory technicians. 3. Injury rate for females (11.2 per 100 person years) was more than twice that of males (5.1). Injury rates declined from 11.6 per 100 person years at ages 25 to 39 to 3.8 at ages over 60. Puncture wounds (32.7%), mostly by needlesticks, were the most frequently reported injury type, followed by strains and sprains (17.2%), lacerations (12.5%), and contusions (12.1%).

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1985

Inability of awake patients to correctly locate a cough stimulus.

To determine whether patients can accurately identify the lung in which a cough reflex originates, a unilateral cough stimulus was administered to 67 patients during fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Although the stimulus produced a vigorous cough reflex in all subjects, 51 of 67 individuals were unable to identify the side stimulated. These results suggest that impulses from endobronchial irritant receptors are not perceived cortically as originating within a particular hemithorax.

Bronchoscopy↗
PubMed1984

Endotoxin protects selenium-deficient rats from hyperoxia.

Rats treated with low doses of bacterial endotoxin have been shown to be protected from oxygen poisoning under normobaric conditions. Induction of lung activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) has been reported to occur with endotoxin administration. GSH-Px is a selenoenzyme and selenium-deficient rats have decreased lung GSH-Px activity and enhanced lung toxicity during a hyperoxic exposure. To determine whether bacterial endotoxin administration can provide protection for animals with decreased antioxidant defenses, selenium-deficient and control rats received daily intraperitoneal injections of 250 micrograms/kg bacterial endotoxin or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) during normobaric exposure to greater than 95% O2. Both groups of animals were protected from hyperoxia by bacterial endotoxin administration despite the extremely low lung GSH-Px activity in the selenium-deficient rats. GSH-Px, SOD, or CAT activities were not induced in the selenium-deficient rats by 48 hr (the time when the selenium-deficient rats treated with PBS began to die). In the selenium-deficient rat, mechanisms other than enzyme induction appear to be providing early protection from hyperoxia.

Animals↗