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Biomedical subjects

R J Mackool

Publications and source records attributed to R J Mackool.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Closed vitrectomy and the intraocular implant.

Closed vitrectomy was successfully performed on eyes containing intraocular lenses (IOLs) in order to remove retropseudophakic membranes, remove vitreous strands surrounding IOLs or adherent to the corneoscleral incision and iris in cases of persistent cystoid macular edema (CME), assist in the relocation of IOLs which had dislocated into the vitreous, and to relieve pseudophakic pupillary block. Closed vitrectomy was also performed to remove vitreous present in the anterior segment prior to secondary IOL implantation. Techniques and results of 33 closed vitrectomies in such instances are presented.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Combined phacoemulsification and closed pars plana vitrectomy capability in a single computerized instrument.

The Heslin/Mackool Ocusystem allows either phacoemulsification or pars plana vitrectomy in a maximally controlled closed system. A unique flow control system maintains a constant balance between infusion and evacuation. Low flow rates and high suction levels are therefore possible without surging of intraocular contents or ocular collapse. The ultrasonic handpiece has reusable tips and is air-cooled, self-tuning, lightweight and autoclavable. The vitrectomy handpieces have a guillotine cutting mechanism or a self-sharpening rotational cutting mechanism and are as small as 0.79 mm in diameter (21 gauge). One and two-handed techniques for phacoemulsification and vitrectomy are possible through limbal or pars plana approaches.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1980

Mature secondary cataracts and reversible ocular hypotension.

Three eyes of three patients are reported with ocular hypotension and mature, white cataracts secondary to other ocular disease. Ocular pressures rapidly rose to and remained at normal levels with recovery of excellent vision in all three eyes following cataract extraction, with follow-up periods of 16 to 28 months. Thus a hypotensive eye with a mature, white cataract secondary to other eye disease is not necessarily hopeless, and hypotony is not a contraindication to cataract extraction in such patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Descemet membrane detachment.

Four eyes of three patients had extensive postoperative Descemet membrane (DM) detachment. Blood was present just anterior to the DM in three of the four eyes and later converted to and persisted as pigment. Haziness of the cornea at the level of the DM could be seen with reattachment. Detachments of the DM are classified as planar when there is 1 mm or less separation of the DM from its overlying stroma in all areas. Nonplanar DM detachments exceed 1 mm of separation. Planar detachments have a much better prognosis than nonplanar detachments do, with or without descemetopexy. Repair of DM detachments, when necessary, should include air injection, with the lease possible instrumentation of the DM.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Epinephrine-induced cystoid macular edema in aphakic eyes.

A population of glaucomatous aphakic eyes being treated with topical epinephrine compounds was studied in order to determine the incidence of cystoid macular edema that had been induced by this medication. Eyes were considered responders only if fluorescein angiography demonstrated that macular edema was eliminated with discontinuation of epinephrine and recurred with reapplication of epinephrine. Reversible maculopathy occurred in six of 47 eyes. Topical epinephrine caused macular edema in an appreciable percentage of aphakic eyes, and we recommend that other medications be used to control glaucoma in aphakic patients when possible. If epinephrine compounds are required, periodic angiography is advisable.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1977

Anterior chamber after intrascleral filtering surgery.

Intrascleral filtering surgery was performed in 58 eyes and the anterior chamber (AC) depth was estimated postoperatively by recording the equivalent number of corneal thicknesses (CT) of central AC depth (lens-cornea distance). Lens-cornea touch occurred in 3 of 28 eyes with chronic simple glaucoma and was highly correlated with cataract formation. Lens-cornea touch did not develop in any of 11 eyes with other types of phakic glaucoma. Lens-cornea touch did not occur in any eye if the postoperative AC depth was ever 2 CT or greater and all three instances of lens-cornea touch occurred on or by the fifth postoperative day. Nineteen aphakic eyes were operated and all had normal AC depth from the first postoperative day. The data do not support the common belief that filtering procedures done beneath a scleral flap result in faster AC depth reformation than filtering procedures not done beneath a scleral flap.

Anterior Chamber↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Strength of clear corneal incisions in cadaver eyes.

PURPOSE: To determine the variation in strength of clear corneal incisions, as demonstrated by degree of incision leakage when challenged by increased intraocular pressure, in relationship to the incision width and length. SETTING: Mackool Eye Institute, Astoria, New York. METHODS: Clear corneal incisions 3.0 or 3.5 mm in width and from 1.0 to 3.5 mm in length (0.5 mm increments) were studied in human cadaver whole globes. Pressure was applied at the corneal apex or 8.0 mm posterior to the external wound margin to determine the strength of the incision with the application of external force. RESULTS: Clear corneal incisions of 3.0 or 3.5 mm in width and at least 2.0 mm in length demonstrated substantially greater resistance to incision failure than shorter incision lengths with both apical and posterior applied forces. CONCLUSION: Clear corneal incisions 2.0 mm or greater in length demonstrate resistance to leakage comparable to similarly constructed scleral tunnel incisions.

Cadaver↗