Biomedical subjects

R J Markham

Publications and source records attributed to R J Markham.

42 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1979

Local adjuvants: the influence of sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate on immunization with aerosolized antigen.

Guinea-pig respiratory and serum antibody responses were enhanced following exposure to aerosols of bovine IgG2 dissolved in solutions of sodium dodecylbenzene sulphate (SDBS). Enhanced response was seen in both primary and secondary immunization. Cell-mediated immune response (indirect macrophage migration influencing test) was not altered by SDBS. Results are discussed with a view to the possible utility of SDBS as adjuvant for prophylactic immunization.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMed1979

Sequential titration of bovine lung and serum antibodies after parenteral or pulmonary inoculation with Pasteurella haemolytica.

Calves were vaccinated by intrabronchial or subcutaneous injection of formalinized Pasteurella haemolytica. Antibody in serum, nasal washings, and bronchoalveolar washings was titrated sequentially before and after calves were vaccinated and then challenge exposed with live homologous bacteria. Bronchoalveolar washings were collected by fiberoptics bronchoscopy, and antibody was titrated by indirect (antiglobulin) bacterial agglutination. Responsiveness to vaccination was related in initial serum antibody concentrations. Calves with serum antibody titers of 1:20 or more were nonresponsive, whereas with few exceptions, calves having titers of less than 1:20 responded to vaccination. Results indicated that serum and lung antibody were induced by subcutaneous or by intrabronchial inoculation of formalinized P haemolytica. By either route of immunization, serum antibody was more persistent than was lung antibody, and pulmonary challenge exposure with live P haemolytica did not alter existing titers.

Animals↗

PubMed1979

Cellular and humoral immune response of foals to vaccination with Corynebacterium equi.

Transformation of peripheral blood lymphocytes from pony foals vaccinated and subsequently infected with Corynebacterium equi was studied. Three foals were vaccinated on two occasions using a formalinized C. equi vaccine with aluminum hydroxide as an adjuvant. Three nonvaccinated foals served as controls. Foals were challenged intratracheally with 9 x 10(9) C. equi six weeks after the initial vaccination. Foals survived this infection for one to two weeks. Significant lymphocyte transformation in response to C. equi antigens was detected in two vaccinated foals at the third week after initial vaccination and in all vaccinated animals at the fifth week. No statistically significant transformation was seen in nonvaccinated foals before infection. Vaccinated and nonvaccinated foals showed responsive lymphocytes following challenge. Vaccination offered no obvious protection against experimental challenge but this failure was probably due to an excessive infective dose of organisms. Low levels of humoral antibodies were detected in some challenged foals. The pathological changes in the lungs of infected animals were comparable with, but more fulminating than, changes observed in the natural disease.

Animals↗

PubMed1979

Deficient cutaneous response to PHA-P in healthy puppies from a kennel with a high prevalence of demodicosis.

Intradermal injection of phytohemagglutinin was used to evaluate the integrity of cell-mediated immunological reactions in Doberman puppies thought to be predisposed to demodicosis. Results indicate a statistically significant deficiency of cutaneous delayed response in these dogs when compared with age matched Beagles, adult Dobermans or random control dogs of various ages and breeding. The high prevalence of demodicosis in the kennel of origin may have been due to the observed deficiency of cutaneous immune function.

Animals↗

PubMed1976

Influence of detergent on aerosol allergic sensitization with enzymes of Bacillus subtilis.

An anionic detergent, sodiumdodecylbenzenesulphonate, had an adjuvant effect upon aerosol allergic sensitization with subtilopeptidase A, a proteolytic enzyme of Bacillus subtilis. Both local and systemic antibody responses were accelerated and prolonged by use of the detergent. This adjuvant effect was only seen when an inactive form of the enzyme was used. The detergent, however, was able to potentiate early clinical responses upon initial exposure to the active enzyme.

Aerosols↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of detergent on protease-induced mortality and pulmonary histopathology.

Adddition of an anionic detergent to aerosols of Bacillus subtilis protease markedly increased mortality in guinea pigs following a single aerosol exposure and altered the nature of the lung pathology after exposure. It was observed that the detergent inhibited in vitro activity of serum protease inhibitors and it is suggested that such impairment may be, in part, responsible for the observed in vivo effects of detergent on protease-induced mortality and pulmonary pathology.

Aerosols↗