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Biomedical subjects

R J Roeser

Publications and source records attributed to R J Roeser.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Hearing and ultrasound-assisted liposuction: the effect on surgeon and patient.

Ultrasound-assisted liposuction has become an important tool in body-contouring surgery. Although ultrasound frequency is by definition outside the range of normal human hearing, an audible sound is heard during ultrasound-assisted liposuction. This study measured sound intensity during ultrasound-assisted liposuction performed with two commercially available systems. Sound intensity was measured at the surgeon's ear, surgical site, and patient's glabella. All measurements obtained with both machines fell within acceptable standards as defined by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Use of ultrasound-assisted liposuction does not pose a risk to the patient, the surgeon, or operating room personnel.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1997

Physiology, pathophysiology, and anthropology/epidemiology of human earcanal secretions.

Two types of glands are found in the outer third of the human earcanal: sebaceous glands that produce sebum and modified apocrine glands that produce apocrine sweat. Together, these substances make up cerumen, which serves to clean, lubricate, and, to some extent, protect the earcanal from bacteria and fungus. Excessive/impacted cerumen can cause tinnitus, vertigo, itching, pain, external otitis, and hearing loss. Two populations are known to have a high incidence of excessive/impacted cerumen: individuals with mental retardation and the elderly. Anthropologists have used cerumen type to tract human migratory patterns and epidemiologists have related cerumen type to breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Cerumen management: professional issues and techniques.

Cerumen management is now within the scope of practice for audiologists. This paper describes the knowledge and skills required to perform cerumen management safely and effectively. Procedures for mechanical removal, suction, and irrigation are provided.

Audiology↗
PubMed1993

Incidence of excessive/impacted cerumen in individuals with mental retardation: a longitudinal investigation.

A major sequelae of impacted cerumen (earwax) is conductive hearing loss, which can be deleterious to linguistic, social, and intellectual development, particularly for individuals with mental retardation. The longitudinal incidence (12-year period) of excessive/impacted cerumen and related conductive hearing loss of 117 adults with mental retardation was examined. Results indicated a considerably higher incidence of excessive cerumen and cerumen impaction with associated conductive hearing loss in adults with mental retardation (28%) than in the general adult population (2% to 6%). Moreover, a strong propensity for recurrent cerumen impaction in the mentally retarded population was found. These findings were discussed in view of the management of cerumen impaction among individuals with mental retardation.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Three studies comparing performance of the ER-3A tubephone with the TDH-50P earphone.

Three studies compared the performance of the ER-3A Tubephone insert earphone and the TDH-50P-MX41/AR supra-aural earphone. The three factors addressed were: threshold differences in children 7 to 10 yr old compared to adults, differences in real ear attenuation, and threshold differences in the presence of high background noise levels. The influence of insertion depth of the ER-3A Tubephone was also investigated. Findings showed no significant threshold differences between children and adults, significantly better real ear attenuation for the ER-3A Tubephone, and significantly better thresholds for the ER-3A in the presence of high background noise levels. Most critically, there was a significant change in attenuation characteristics of the ER-3A Tubephone, which was dependent on the insertion depth of the ear-tip.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Ultrasonic lithotripsy: the risk of hearing loss.

Ultrasonic lithotripsy has been applied widely to the percutaneous removal of upper tract calculi. The high noise levels generated by ultrasonic lithotriptors during clinical use have raised some concern among endourologists. In this study sound level measurements of all 3 commercially available ultrasonic lithotriptors were obtained in the audiology laboratory and operating room. In all circumstances the maximum noise levels recorded (103 dBA. or less) for the time of exposure that would be encountered in the clinical setting of ultrasonic lithotripsy never exceeded safe levels. We concluded that the routine use of ultrasonic lithotriptors does not present a hazard to the hearing of normal individuals.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1983

Implementing an industrial hearing conservation program in the schools.

The harmful effects of exposure to high noise levels have been well-documented and include auditory and non-auditory factors. The most notable auditory effect is permanent loss of hearing, many times accompanied by the constant perception of a ringing-type noise in the ears (tinnitus). Despite this, there has been insufficient attention given to the hazardous effects of noise in the school health education curriculum. The industrial arts program is one area that deserves special attention because of the noise levels that teachers and students are exposed to in the classroom and the assumed future exposure that students will experience in their recreational and work experiences. This report describes a hearing conservation program implemented in the Industrial Arts Program in the Dallas Independent School District that attempts to provide: 1) protection for students and teachers using equipment that produces excessive, damaging noise; and 2) information to students on the hazardous effects of noise, so they will understand the consequences of not protecting their ears when exposed to excessive noise and the available means to protect their hearing. As the cost of the program was minimal, other school districts could implement similar programs with little additional resources and effort.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Ototoxicity in neonates treated with gentamicin and kanamycin: results of a four-year controlled follow-up study.

This article reports the results of a four-year follow-up study initiated in 1970 on the long-term effects of gentamicin and kanamycin use in newborn infants. Audiometric, vestibular, and psychometric evaluations were performed on gentamicin-treated, kanamycin-treated, and untreated, matched control infants and children. No substantial sensorineural hearing loss or vestibular dysfunction was identified in these patients that could be attributed to aminoglycoside therapy. Performances on the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities, Beery Test of Visual Motor Integration, the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, and on fine and gross motor examinations were comparable for the three study groups.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1977

Early evoked potentials in patients with acoustic neuroma.

Using clicks with varying interstimulus intervals and coherent tone-bursts, early components of the auditory evoked potential (brain stem responses) were studied in four patients with confirmed acoustic neuroma. Abnormalities in responses appeared with shorter interstimulus intervals and with tone-bursts delivered monaurally to the involved ear; bilateral alterations occurred in one patient with brain stem displacement. The results indicate that BSR can provide a stable, independent, noninvasive measure of auditory nerve function useful in the early detection of acoustic neuroma. The results contribute to the understanding of the so-called human FFR.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1977

A hearing aid malfunction detection unit.

A system is described, the Hearing Aid Malfunction Detection Unit (HAMDU), that electrically checks for proper operation of several aspects of hearing aid function. HAMDU is a miniature, add-on device which performs a check of hearing aid operation about every half hour, and which indicates malfunction by means of a highly visible, electrically tripped indicator. Functions checked include battery voltage, gain, distortion and noise, and continuity of the receiver cord. In addition, the indicator will be tripped if the hearing aid is turned off. HAMDU is small, low in cost, can be adapted to most body aids, and has no effect on hearing aid performance. The primary features of the system are that the hearing aid is checked periodically throughout its use, and the aid does not have to be removed from the wearer. The unit is designed specifically for body type hearing aids worn by children.

Electromagnetic Phenomena↗
PubMed1977

Using circumaural enclosures with children.

Pure-tone thresholds were obtained from 24 children between the ages of eight and 13 years using a standard, supraaural cushion (MX-41/AR), and one of four circumaural cushions. Testing was performed in quiet and in the presence of wideband noise presented at 60 dB SPL fro three conditions: Condition 1 (test) used a TDH 39 driver mounted in the MX-41/AR cushion; Condition 2 (experimental) used the same TDH 39 driver mounted in one of the circumaural cushions under investigation; and Condition 3 (retest) which was the same as Condition 1. Statistically significant differences were found between thresholds with the MX-41/AR cushion and thresholds with one of the circumaural enclosures in quiet. In noise, thresholds with three of the circumaural enclosures were significantly lower than those with the MX-41/AR cushion. A significant test/retest difference was observed for the MX-41/AR cushion at 6000 Hz in quiet only.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Reliability of performance for dichotic listening using two response modes.

Stop consonant-vowel syllables were presented dichotically to eight normal-hearing adult females over eight weekly sessions under two response conditions: a two-choice forced mode and a one-choice preferred mode. Total number of correct responses and right-ear advantage did not vary significantly across sessions for either response mode. Ear laterality, measured using percent of error, did not vary between response modes. Substantial differences were found between subjects in accuracy and ear laterality, but individuals tended to perform consistently across sessions.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The frequency-following response in subjects with profound unilateral hearing loss.

Frequency-following responses (FFRs) evoked by 500 c/sec tone bursts 14 msec in duration, presented at 50 dB SL were recorded from Cz--A1 and Cz--A2 electrode derivations using eight subjects with normal bilateral hearing, and eight subjects with profound unilateral hearing loss. Monaural stimulation of either ear in normal subjects, and of the unimpaired ear in hearing-loss subjects, evoked larger responses from the ipsilateral electrode derivation than from the contralateral electrode derivation. Stimulation of the impaired ear in hearing-loss subjects evoked no response. Binaural stimulation in normal-hearing subjects evoked Cz--A1 and Cz--A2 responses of equal magnitude, each larger than either the ipsilateral or contralateral monaural response, but each slightly smaller than the sum of the ipsilateral and contralateral monaural responses. Binaural stimulation in hearing-loss subjects evoked responses equivalent to those obtained monaurally. The results provide evidence of binaural interaction in normal-hearing subjects and indicate that FFR arises from at least two separate symmetric neural sources, possibly by iterative activation of brainstem evoked response (BER) generators.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Recovery of auditory function following meningitic deafness.

Two cases are presented that document improvement in hearing following Hemophilus influenzae meningitis. In both cases vestibular function was permanently lost. The possible anatomical and physiological sites of involvement are discussed. The two cases stress the importance of regularly scheduled audiometric reevaluations in cases of postmeningitic deafness.

Audiometry↗