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Biomedical subjects

R J Slappendel

Publications and source records attributed to R J Slappendel.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Canine leishmaniasis. A review based on 95 cases in The Netherlands.

The clinically relevant aspects of canine leishmaniasis are reviewed. Included are data from 92 dogs imported from the Mediterranean basin and at least 2 autochthonous cases. New aspects on pathogenesis are presented, including evidence that canine leishmaniasis is an immune complex disease. Therapy with meglumine antimonate (Glucantime) is evaluated. The hazards of imported canine leishmaniasis for public health are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Transient juvenile hypoglycemia in puppies].

Two cases of transient juvenile hypoglycaemia are reported. The symptoms, diagnosis and treatment are described, and the pathogenesis and differential diagnosis are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Chloramphenicol, contraindicated for topical use on the eye?].

It was calculated in the Dutch bulletin for drugs, that chloramphenicol--even in topical treatment--should only be used in human bacterial infections in which the bacteria are solely susceptible to chloramphenicol. Information is supplied stating that these conclusions are based on wrongly chosen patients. It is concluded that the indications for use of topical chloramphenicol in dogs or cats continue to be unchanged.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1985

Effect of sodium heparin and antithrombin III concentration on activated partial thromboplastin time in the dog.

Regulation of blood coagulation was studied in 12 dogs, using subcutaneous administration of sodium heparin. Dosage of heparin needed to achieve the desired 1.5- to 2.5-fold increase in the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was 250 to 500 IU/kg of body weight. Increased APTT lasted less than 6 hours. Repeated heparin administration, using the lowest dosage (250 IU/kg) every 6 hours, induced an unacceptable prolongation of clotting times during the first 2 days of treatment. Prolonged administration at a dosage of 200 IU/kg every 6 hours adequately maintained the desired hypocoagulative state initially; after 2 days, however, the prolonged APTT steadily decreased. The decreasing effect was proportionate to a decrease in plasma antithrombin III (AT III). To sustain a correctly balanced hypocoagulative state from prolonged subcutaneous administration of heparin, APTT values should be determined regularly to monitor therapy. In addition, transfusion of AT III-rich donor plasma may be necessary when low plasma AT III reduces the effects of heparin.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Trypanosomiasis in a dog imported in The Netherlands.

A case-report is presented of a Trypanosoma evansi infection in a dog imported from Nepal. The clinical symptoms included fever, anorexia, and weight loss. Diagnosis was made through morphologic study of blood smears from the patient.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The diagnostic significance of the direct antiglobulin test (DAT) in anemic dogs.

The direct antiglobulin test (DAT) was positivein 134 (36.1%) of 371 anemic dogs with internal diseases. Four principal types of reaction were recognized: IgG alone in 15 (11.2%), IgG + C' in 41 (30.6%), C' alone in 74 (55.2%) and IgM + C' in 2 (1.5%). Rarely, IgM and/or IgA reactions occurred in association with strong IgG + C' reactions. In 2 (1.5%) DAT-positive dogs the type of reaction was not clear. One or more symptoms of hemolysis, such as hemoglobinemia, indirect type hyperbilirubinemia, increased red cell osmotic fragility, and increased fecal urobilinogen excretion, were demonstrated in 84 DAT-positive dogs. These consisted of 10 of 15 dogs with IgG type DAT, 36 of 41 dogs with IgG + C' type DAT, 36 of 74 dogs with C' type DAT and 2 of 2 dogs with IgM + C' type DAT. Most dogs with IgG + C' type reactions had severe hemolysis, whereas "primary" or "associated" diseases were recognized in only 26 of 56 cases. IgG type incomplete warm antibody, reacting with pooled donor cells, was demonstrated in red cell eluates in each of 3 dogs with IgG type DAT and in 6 of 7 dogs with IgG + C' type reactions. This indicates that dogs with IgG or IgG + C' reactions usually have autoimmune hemolytic anemia. In dogs with C' type DAT, indications of hemolysis were frequently minimal or absent. Symptoms almost always indicated some "primary" disorder. Diagnoses mainly included infections, inflammatory and neoplastic (especially myelo- and lymphoproliferative)diseases. In only 7 (9.5%) of 74 dogs with C' type DAT no diagnosis other than (transient peracute) hemolytic anemia was made. The results of tests for antibodies in the serum and red cell eluates were always negative in dogs with C' type DAT. In one dog with hemolytic anemia and C' + IgM type DAT, there was a high titer of IgM cold agglutinins in the serum and in heat eluates. It is concluded that a positive DAT with anti-IgG antiserum is a strong indication of autoimmune hemolytic anemia but that a reaction of the C' alone type is a rather common phenomenon in canine internal diseases which is seldom associated with serious hemolysis.

Anemia↗
PubMed1977

Multiple myeloma, IgA cryoglobulinemia and serum hyperviscosity in a dog.

Clinical signs of hyperviscosity syndrome in a 6-year-old dog included listlessness, polydipsia, anorexia, vomiting, and recurrent bleeding from the gums. Fundoscopy showed the typical retinal changes associated with this syndrome. A polymeric IgA cryoglobulin characterized in the dog's serum was later isolated and structurally studied. It was found to contain J chain but no secretory component. The heavy and light chains were covalently bound.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Hemophilia A and hemophilia B in a family of French bulldogs.

A congenital coagulation defect was suspected in 10 male French bulldogs, independently referred to the Small Animal Clinic of the Utrecht State University by private pet owners from all over the country. The cases are described in this report. Coagulation studies, performed in 8 of these dogs, revealed a factor VIII (anti-hemophilic globulin) deficiency in 5, and a factor IX (Christmas factor) deficiency in 3 propositi. A pedigree analysis revealed that all of the 10 propositi were lineal descendants, in the female line, of one and the same female ancestor. An inquiry by letter among the owners of 210 male descendants, in the female line, of this common ancestor revealed hemorrhagic episodes in at least another 10 male offspirng. The presence of a large number of carriers can be expected among the French bulldog population in the Netherlands, since the officially registered female offspring in the female line of the ancestor bitch, comprised over 170 dogs as of January, 1971. The possible mechanisms responsible for the simultaneous occurrence of hemophilia A and B in one canine family are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Cold hemagglutinin disease in a toy Pinscher dog.

High titers cold agglutinins were demonstrated in the serum of a 7 year old female toy Pinscher with a hemolytic anemia. In vitro, the serum did not show distinct hemolytic properties, but it fixed complement components to both the patient's own red cells and randomly sampled canine erythrocytes and agglutinated these cells at high dilutions at low temperatures (optimally at 0 degrees C). Serum electrophoresis on cellulose acetate membranes failed to reveal a paraproteinemia. Normal canine red cells sensitized with the patient's serum at 0 degrees C and eluted at 40 degrees C, released a cold agglutinin identifiable as IgM by immunoelectrophoresis. Neither IgA nor IgG were detectable in a concentrate of the eluate. The auto-antibody showed no specificity against the canine blood group A antigen and did not react with human O-erythrocytes, irrespective of whether these carried the I- or i-antigens. Following erroneous exposure of the dog to cold, cyanosis and serious gangrene developed at the acra (the ears, nose and feet). In addition, symptoms indicating diffuse intravascular coagulation were observed both hematologically and on pathological-anatomical examination. No primary disease could be demonstrated.

Agglutinins↗