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Biomedical subjects

R J Stanley

Publications and source records attributed to R J Stanley.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Computed tomography in the staging of testicular neoplasms.

Twenty-six patients with primary testicular tumor were evaluated by computed tomography. It was highly accurate in differentiating lymph node metastases from testicular tumors. CT scanning may reveal tumor in lymph nodes not normally opacified during bipedal lymphangiography. It can also be used in treatment planning, follow-up, and in localizing sites of recurrence when serum tumor markers become positive. Some pitfalls of CT are also discussed.

Dysgerminoma↗
PubMed1979

Iosefamate meglumine: an iodinated contrast agent for hepatic computed tomography scanning.

Iosefamate meglumine, a water-soluble, iodinated compound which is chemically and pharmacologically similar to iodipamide, was studied as a contrast agent for hepatic CT scanning in dogs. The difference between the CT attenuation number of liver and blood increased by 16 EMI units after intravenous injection of iosefamate 150 mg l/kg. The agent may prove useful in improving the CT detection of isodense tumors within the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Computed tomography and 67Ga citrate radionuclide imaging for evaluating suspected abdominal abscess.

A retrospective analysis of the results of 67Ga citrate radionuclide imaging and computed tomography (CT) in 45 patients with suspected abdominal abscess was conducted to determine the mertis of each method. Both techniques were highly sensitive in detecting abdominal abscesses, and often provided complementary and supplementary diagnostic information; their combined use many times offset the limitations of each method used alone. Guidelines are suggested that permit rapid evaluation, while limiting diagnostic errors, when using 67Ga citrate radionuclide imaging and CT in the presence or absence of localizing symptoms and signs.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1979

CT of the renal cyst: is cyst aspiration necessary?

Fifty patients with a total of 56 renal masses discovered on routine excretory urography or abdominal plain films and with ultrasonographic diagnoses of definite or probable benign cysts underwent computed tomography (CT) prior to cyst aspiration with cytologic study. All lesions met strict criteria for the CT diagnosis of benign cyst and subsequently proved to be benign cysts. In addition, CT scanning detected 11 other renal masses, only one of which could be retrospectively diagnosed on the original urogram. It is suggested that renal cyst aspiration need not be performed when lesions meet all CT criteria for a benign cyst.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Oral cholecystography in chronic renal insufficiency.

Thirty-two patients with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) had oral cholecystography. Eleven of 15 patients (73%) with moderately advanced renal impairment had diagnostically inadequate single-dose cholecystograms. In contrast, all 11 patients on chronic hemodialysis had diagnostically opacified gallbladders following a single dose of contrast. Six other patients had biliary disease, either calculi (5 patients) or neoplasia (1 patient). These data suggest that CRI diminishes the likelihood of diagnostic gallbladder opacification, even in the absence of gallbladder disease, and that if the metabolic consequences of CRI are controlled by dialysis, the chances of diagnostic opacification are significantly improved (P less than 0.005). As oral cholecystography may not only result in inadequate opacification, but also carry the potential of renal toxicity, abdominal ultrasound should prove a safer and possibly more effective alternative in such patients.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗
PubMed1978

Computed tomography of the genitourinary tract.

Eighteen months of experience with computed body tomography have revealed that this radiologic modality is useful in the diagnostic evaluation and management of urologic patients. Renal masses, perirenal lesions, poorly functioning kidneys, pelvic tumors and associated retroperitoneal nodal spread and other diagnostic problems related to the urinary tract have been imaged successfully with computed body tomography. Accuracy is high in the differentiation of benign renal cysts from renal neoplasms. Tumor staging and computed body tomography is being explored currently.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1978

Evaluation of abdominal abscess with computed tomography.

Computed tomography (CT) is valuable in providing a specific diagnosis of abdominal abscess and in determining its site and extent. Computed tomography is also capable of excluding an abscess with a high degree of certainty. In 31 of 34 patients with proven abdominal abscess, CT suggested the correct diagnosis and accurately defined the extent of involvement. In nine patients, the CT findings were specific for abscess. The CT appearance of abscess is diverse, largely depending on its location. The most common appearance is a low density mass often with higher density at the periphery. The presence of gas distributed within the mass or an extraalimentary air--fluid level allows an extremely confident diagnosis of abscess. Differential diagnostic possibilities are reviewed with emphasis on interpretive problems.

Abscess↗
PubMed1978

Utility of body computed tomography in the clinical follow-up of abdominal masses.

The value of follow-up body computed tomography was assessed in 101 patients with a known or suspected abdominal or pelvic mass. Computed tomography proved to be a useful noninvasive technique for evaluating progression, regression, or recurrence of such masses after therapeutic intervention. Computed tomography provided new or unique clinical information in 87% of these patients: it was not helpful in 2% due to technical difficulty and was misleading in 4%.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

Computed tomography of the thorax.

Computed tomography (CT) provides a valuable new perspective in assessing abnormalities of the thorax. In the patient with a mediastinal mass or widening detected by plain chest radiography, a definitive diagnosis is sometimes possible which would not be obtainable by conventional noninvasive radiological techniques. In certain clinical situations, CT is a highly sensitive modality for examining the lungs. The proved and potential clinical uses of CT in solving diagnostic problems of the thorax are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Complementary use of ultrasound and computed tomography in studies of the pancreas and kidney.

113 cases of pancreatic and renal disease studied by both ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) were analyzed retrospectively. CT provided a diagnosis when pancreatic ultrasound was unsuccessful due to overlying bowel gas or obesity and when renal ultrasound was unsuccessful due to obesity, reverberations from ribs, small lesions, or multiple lesions. Conversely, ultrasound provided a diagnosis when CT was unsuccessful due to lack of fat planes or respiratory motion. CT usualy distinguished carcinoma from pancreatitis when ultrasound showed a focal echogenic mass. CT resolved renal cyst from neoplasm when ultrasound showed a mixed echo pattern mass.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1978

Computed tomography and radionuclide imaging of the liver: a comparative evaluation.

The authors retrospectively analyzed the results of radionuclide imaging (RI) and computed tomography (CT) of the liver in 174 patients. RI correctly identified 90% of patients with focal hepatic lesions while CT identified 85%. CT was capable of differentiating tumor, abscess/hematoma, and cyst while RI was more sensitive in the detection of hepatocellular disease. CT distinguished regenerating nodules from other focal lesions. Radionuclide imaging remains the preferred initial screening examination in patients with suspected focal liver disease, while CT is the examination of choice to distinguish obstructive from nonobstructive jaundice.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMed1978

Prolonged gallbladder opacification after oral cholecystography.

Recent reports state that prolonged gallbladder opacification after an otherwise normal oral cholecystogram is abnormal and reliably indicates acalculous cholecystitis. In 122 patients on a variety of diets, the frequency with which prolonged gallbladder opacification is detectable one and two days after oral cholecystography was studied prospectively. Prolonged opacification was seen in 75% of patients and did not occur more commonly in those patients with documented gallbladder disease. Prolongation of gallbladder opacification after oral cholecystography is common and cannot be used as the sole criterion for the diagnosis of cholecystitis.

Adult↗