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Biomedical subjects

R Jacoby

Publications and source records attributed to R Jacoby.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Laser abrasion for cosmetic and medical treatment of facial actinic damage.

Previous studies have shown the carbon dioxide (CO2) laser to be effective in the treatment of actinic cheilitis. After CO2 laser abrasion, normal skin and marked cosmetic improvement of the lip were noted. In our study, twenty-three patients were treated with CO2 laser abrasions for cosmetic improvement of facial lines and actinic changes. Pre- and postoperative histopathologic examinations were made on two patients. Preoperative examination of specimens from actinically damaged skin showed atypical keratinocytes in the basal layer of the epidermis, with overlying dense compact orthokeratosis and parakeratosis. Abundant solar elastosis was seen in the papillary dermis. Postoperative histologic specimens showed a normal-appearing epidermis with fibrosis in the papillary dermis and minimal solar elastosis (about four weeks after laser treatment). At present, various modalities are available for the regeneration of the aged skin, including chemical peels and dermabrasion. Significantly fewer complications were noted with CO2 laser abrasion than with these methods. Thus, CO2 laser abrasion can be useful in the cosmetic and medical treatment of the aged skin. Marked clinical and histologic improvement has been demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A pilot study of erythrocyte choline flux and content in affective disorders.

Choline influx and choline content were measured in healthy volunteers (N = 36), patients with unipolar affective disorder (N = 28), and bipolar patients before and during treatment with lithium (N = 14, N = 13 respectively). Erythrocyte choline content was not found to be significantly elevated in any of the groups studied, except in patients taking lithium. Choline influx into the erythrocytes of healthy controls was found to decrease with increasing age, while choline influx into lithiated erythrocytes increased with increasing age in patients. An inverse relationship between erythrocyte choline influx and content was found to exist only in the erythrocytes of elderly healthy volunteers (greater than or equal to 60 years old).

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Extended haplotypes in rheumatoid arthritis and preliminary evidence for an interaction with immunoglobulin genes.

The incidence of extended haplotypes of the Major Histocompatibility Complex was compared between 20 probands with RA, their unaffected family members, and 42 controls. One haplotype only, HLA-Bw62 BfS C4A*3 C4B*3 DR4 GLO2, was significantly increased in the patient group, whereas HLA-B7 BfS C4A*3 C4B*1 DR2 GLO1, which was the most common haplotype in the control groups, was absent. The immunoglobulin allotype Glm(2) was significantly increased in frequency in the RA patients, and analysis showed that of the seven patients carrying Bw62-DR4, five were G1m(2) positive. Further, the increase in frequency of the phenotype Gm(1,2,17,21,3,5,23) was also significant and was carried by two of four probands with the extended haplotype HLA-Bw62 BfS C4A*3 C4B*3 DR4 GLO2 and by one proband also bearing this haplotype but with a null allele at the C4A locus. The striking association of G1m(2) and Bw62 with DR4 in our patients suggests that in interaction of immunoglobulin genes with DR4 is stronger when DR4 is associated with particular haplotypes rather than with DR4 in general.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1986

[Modification of postoperative somnolence following halothane anesthesia by physostigmine].

In a prospective study the influence on awakening after halothane anaesthesia of physostigmine was investigated. Of a total of 62 patients 29 received physostigmine 2 mg i.v. prior to extubation, 33 were left without. The degree of awareness in the patients was determined by Erzigkeit's "Syndrom-Kurz-Test" (Quick Syndrome Test) (SKT). On preoperative testing by SKT both groups showed comparable degrees of awareness. At 45 and 90 min after extubation no statistical differences in the SKT were seen between the groups. If broken up for age over or below 60 yr, a tendency towards improved alertness in patients younger than 60 yr in the physostigmine group is apparent despite a slightly poorer performance preoperatively. In contrast in treated sexagenarians protracted awakening was observed. We tentatively conclude that central reactions to physostigmine in our patients were age-related.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1985

[Pre-, peri- and postnatal factors in 419 handicapped children of a specific region].

A retrospective analysis was done in 419 children with handicaps, born 1966-1980 in a territory. In comparison with 419 children with normal development the following factors were found more often in the group with handicaps: Mother older than 30 years, brothers and sisters with handicaps, low birth weight, low placental weight, obstetric operations, vaginal labour in breech presentation, low Apgar score, neonatal reanimation, transfer in a children hospital, pathological reflexes in newborn, retardation of early development, bad social environment.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1985

Loss of memory and concentration.

Loss of memory and concentration are common complaints, the significance of which may vary from the essentially trivial to the extremely sinister. Between these two extremes, they are found in a wide variety of conditions encountered within the majority of medical specialties. It is therefore important that every clinician have some competence in assessing them.

Affect↗
PubMed1985

[CT in senile dementia and depression].

This article reviews a series of investigations, which evaluated CT in senile dementia and depression in late life. Although both ventricular and sulcal dilatation were strongly associated with the clinical diagnosis of SDAT, such radiological changes were also found in healthy controls, with an overlap of about 15-20%. Cognitive decline correlated equally well with the diagnosis of SDAT, but within the demented group CT changes correlated poorly, if at all, with intellectual impairment. It is argued that CT is useful in the assessment of dementia only in conjunction with other clinical and psychometric data. In old age depression ventricular enlargement predicted an increased mortality at two years, and a reduced brain density, which may have reflected an ageing process within the CNS. With improvements in the technology and analysis of CT further clinical and research progress can be expected.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Squamous carcinoma model of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy.

Squamous carcinomas are the most common cause of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM) in humans. To develop an animal model of this syndrome, CD-1 female mice were painted with dimethylbenzanthracene, which produced cutaneous squamous carcinomas in the majority of those painted. Greater than 90% of tumor-bearing mice developed a syndrome of hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, hypercalciuria, elevated plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, normal immunoreactive PTH, elevated urinary cAMP, and accelerated bone resorption compared to control mice. Tumor excision reversed the hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia, and autopsies revealed no evidence of skeletal or other metastases. Dietary calcium restriction did not affect the hypercalcemia in tumor-bearing mice. Extracts of tumor tissue contained potent bioactivity paralleling that of bovine (b) PTH in a PTH-sensitive canine renal cortical adenylate cyclase assay. The activity was trypsin sensitive and partially inhibitable by Nle, Tyr bPTH amide. The activity coeluted with chymotrypsinogen (mol wt, 25,700) on Sephacryl S-200 chromatography, well ahead of bPTH. This is the first description of an animal squamous carcinoma that produces HHM. With the exception of elevated plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels, the syndrome precisely mimics that seen in human HHM. The presence of a biologically active protein larger than PTH in tumor extracts, similar to that extracted from human tumors, suggests a common mode of pathogenesis. This model should be useful in further studying the pathophysiology of HHM.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Damage pattern in 419 handicapped children in one region].

Report about 419 children with handicaps, born 1966-1980 in one territory. 9.8 per cent of these 419 children have a severe damage, not able for education. 11.9 per cent have a moderate damage and 78.3 per cent a mild one. The mental retardation is combined with damage of senses, cerebral palsy and seizures. Frequency of children with handicaps seems to decrease in the last years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Proteolytic processing of presecretory proteins is required for development of biological activities in pancreatic exocrine proteins.

The biological activities of pancreatic presecretory and secretory proteins synthesized in vitro were compared in studies of (a) the binding of nascent amylase to its substrate, glycogen, (b) the binding of nascent trypsinogen 1, trypsinogen 2+3, and chymotrypsinogen 1 to Sepharose-bound soybean trypsin inhibitor, and (c) the activation of nascent trypsinogen by porcine enterokinase. Nascent secretory proteins synthesized in vitro using a mRNA-dependent gel-filtered reticulocyte lysate translation system supplemented with canine pancreas rough microsomes or canine pancreas mRNA and micrococcal nuclease-treated microsomal membranes showed biological activities similar to authentic secretory proteins if oxidized glutathione was added during their synthesis. Proteins synthesized in the presence of membranes and the absence of glutathione showed significantly less biological activity due to incorrect development of conformation. Presecretory proteins synthesized in vitro with canine pancreas mRNA in the absence of microsomal membranes had little or no activity after translation in either the absence or presence of glutathione. These and previous findings (Scheele, G. A., and Jacoby, R. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 12277-12282) indicate that proteolytic removal of the NH2-terminal transport peptide is necessary to allow correct conformational development, including the formation of native disulfide bonds, which not only stabilizes the molecule but allows expression of authentic biological and probiological activity.

Animals↗