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Biomedical subjects

R Julian

Publications and source records attributed to R Julian.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

A new method of marking dentures using microchips.

Over the years various methods of denture marking have been reported in the literature. They include surface marking and inclusion techniques using metallic or non-metallic materials, microchips and microlabels. The microchips are preferred because of their small size and aesthetic acceptability. They are not however widely used due to the high cost of manufacture and data incorporation. This article details the procedures involved in inscribing a microchip using the photochemical etching process used in the electronics industry. The resulting microchip was cosmetically appealing, cost effective and was able to satisfy all the forensic requirements for a suitable denture marker.

Acids↗
PubMed2001

Classification of grossly detectable abnormalities and conditions seen at postmortem in Canadian poultry abattoirs according to a hazard identification decision tree.

This study was designed to review all grossly detectable abnormalities and conditions (GDACs) encountered in poultry in Canadian abattoirs to determine which have potential to cause adverse health effects for the consumer. Review of the literature and consultation with scientists in the field of microbiology, epidemiology, poultry pathology, chemistry, and meat inspection served to generate an inventory of GDACs, and a decision tree containing algorithms was developed to identify GDACs potentially representing a health hazard to consumers. Through the use of the decision tree, GDACs were classified into different categories with regard to the risk they represent to humans. A number of GDACs were identified as being of potential concern from a food safety perspective, namely Erysipelas, fowl cholera, Campylobacteriosis, clostridial diseases, hepatitis/enteritis associated with Helicobacter, Listeriosis, Salmonella infections (nontyphoid infections, Salmonella arizonae, pullorum disease, and fowl typhoid), Staphylococcosis, and Toxoplasmosis. Further characterization--i.e., hazard characterization, exposure assessment, and risk characterization--is required to quantify or better characterize the probability that products derived from affected carcasses may affect the consumer as well as the resulting consequences. Risk assessment is a dynamic process. Results presented in this paper are based on available information and expert opinion. As new information is obtained, the inventory of GDACs and their classification may be modified.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1991

Myocardial Ca-sequestration failure and compensatory increase in Ca-ATPase with congestive cardiomyopathy: kinetic characterization by a homogenate microassay using real-time ratiometric indo-1 spectrofluorometry.

A novel, simple, rapid and reproducible microassay is used for kinetic analysis of Ca-sequestration by homogenates of myocardium of turkeys with furazolidone-induced congestive cardiomyopathy. The assay monitors Ca in real-time using dual-emission ratiometric spectrofluorometry and the Ca-indicator dye indo-1. Using this assay and isolated SR studies we make several novel findings regarding the mechanism of SR failure in furazolidone cardiomyopathy. Qualitative differences in Ca-sequestration were not detected between groups. However, compared to controls the furazolidone treatment resulted in: 1) 50% depression in maximal activities (1.54 +/- 0.36 vs 0.73 +/- 0.12 microM/sec); 2) 2-fold increases in post-sequestration concentrations of ionized Ca (79 +/- 23 vs 141 +/- 13 nmol Ca/L homogenate); 3) 2-fold increases in Ca half-life (415 vs 790 msec); and 4) 25% increased passive Ca-binding capacity of homogenates. The Ca-ATPase specific activity of isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum was 60% increased in congestive cardiomyopathy (543 +/- 140 vs 873 +/- 108 nmol ATP hydrolyzed/min/mg membrane protein) although membrane yield was 20% decreased (0.79 +/- 0.09 vs 0.63 +/- 0.03 mg/g heart). The increased ATPase and decreased Ca-uptake activities in combination with the occurrence of 36% cardiac hypertrophy and 19% decreased body weights resulted in estimates of the relative energy cost to the animal for myocardial Ca transport being 5.5-fold increased with cardiomyopathy (20.5 vs 111 nmol ATP hydrolyzed per microM decrease of sarcoplasmic free Ca/kg body weight). These data indicate that congestive cardiomyopathy is associated with markedly increased permeability of sarcoplasmic reticulum to Ca and compensatorily increased Ca-ATPase activity. Accelerated energy consumption due to the increased energy cost of Ca transport and increased time of myocyte activation are predicted to predispose the myocardium to fatigue and irreversible failure.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Functional scoliosis as a long-term complication of surgical ligation for patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants.

Follow-up evaluation was performed on two groups of children, all premature infants who had undergone surgical ligation of a patent ductus arteriosus in the first days of life (Group I, 12 months postligation; Group II, 4 years postligation). Overall, two of 11 patients had significant functional scoliosis associated with weakness of shoulder girdle musculature and three additional patients had functional weakness on the affected side but with normal vertebral alignment. Patients post-patent ductus ligation should be observed for this long-term complication.

Ductus Arteriosus, Patent↗
PubMed1977

The action of progesterone and diethylstilboestrol on the dehydrogenase and esterase activities of a purified aldehyde dehydrogenase from rabbit liver.

A steroid-sensitive aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3) was purified from rabbit liver and is homogeneous by the criterion of electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels with or without sodium dodecyl sulphate. The enzyme is tetrameric, of subunit mo.wt. 48 300, and contains no tightly bound zinc. The fluorescence of the protein is decreased in the presence of progesterone, which is inhibitory to the reactions catalysed by the enzyme. When NADH is bound to the enzyme, the fluorescence of the coenzyme is augmented to an extent independent of the presence of steroids or acetaldehyde. The purified enzyme catalyses the oxidation of acetaldehyde and glucuronolactone, and the hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl acetate. Each of these reactions is inhibited by progesterone in such a manner as to suggest the formation of a catalytically active enzyme-hormone complex. Diethylstilboestrol inhibits the hydrolysis of esters by this enzyme, but stimulates the oxidation of aldehydes, except at low aldehyde concentrations; the ligand is then inhibitory. NADH inhibits the hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl acetate by the enzyme in a partially competitive fashion.

Aldehyde Oxidoreductases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Foci of cartilage in the lung of broiler chickens.

Many small masses of cartilage, degenerating cartilage, and mineralized material were found on histologic examination of the lung of a broiler chicken that had severe tibiotarsal and tarsometatarsal dyschondroplasia. A small survey revealed that occasional masses of similar material could be found in the lungs of many normal broiler chickens.

Animals↗