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Biomedical subjects

R K Eyman

Publications and source records attributed to R K Eyman.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Comparison of respiratory mortality in the profoundly mentally retarded and in the less retarded.

Autopsy records of 600 profoundly retarded and 405 less retarded were examined for a thirty-one-year period at Pacific State Hospital. The profoundly retarded were found to have more respiratory infections at autopsy, and more deaths of such infections. Profound retardation was a particularly outstanding risk when in combination with epilepsy, inability to ambulate, and developmental cranial anomalies. Non-infectious respiratory morbidity and mortality are more common in the less retarded, apparently because of their living longer to develop these complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Relationship between community environments and resident changes in adaptive behavior: a path model.

The relationship between environmental ratings of community homes using factor scores derived from Wolfensberger and Glenn's Program Analysis of Service System (PASS) and changes in adaptive behavior of residents living in those facilities was investigated. A path analysis was used to relate resident characteristics, e.g. age, IQ, and initial score on adaptive behavior, with six PASS environmental ratings and both of these sets of variables with average annual change in adaptive behavior over a 3-year period. The results showed that a number of PASS scores were significantly associated with positive change in adaptive behavior for specified types of residents. The most general finding was that older, less retarded residents improved in all aspects of adaptive behavior in conjunction with positive ratings on items dealing with comfort and deployment of staff, access to the home, local proximity of services, and blending with the neighborhood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Maladaptive behavior and community placement of mentally retarded persons.

The prevalence of maladaptive behavior was investigated for retarded individuals residing in institutions, community facilities, or their own home. In addition, the relationship between behavior problems and sex, age, level of retardation, and race was examined. The findings confirmed a much higher prevalence of behavior problems in the institutions as compared to community placements. The data also suggested that the profoundly retarded individuals, unless handicapped by not being able to move around, exhibit more injurious behavior than moderately and mildly retarded persons.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Judgment error in category vs magnitude scales.

The effects of a variety of experimental conditions on the judgments (length of lines) of 16 normal and 16 mentally retarded observers were examined using category and magnitude scaling techniques. Using error and variability of judgment as criteria for measuring response bias, for normal subjects knowledge about the stimulus range, whether learned or provided, had as much to do with resulting judgments as the type of scale used. Judgment error of the retarded group was significantly greater than the normal group and appeared to be related to their limited ability to assign categories or proportions to the simuli used.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Effects of treatment programs on the acquisition of basic skills.

The relative effectiveness of alternative programs in producing changes in ambulation and toilet training among retarded individuals admitted to an institution was evaluated. Little change in ambulation over a 3-year-period was found unless special programming such as sensory-motor training was provided. The impact of such institutional programs was also evident for toilet training. However, about 40 percent of the retarded individuals placed in foster care also improved. In all instances, those individuals in standard care showed the least change. It was concluded that simple answers regarding the "best" placement or program are not available.

Child↗