PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R K Pandhi

Publications and source records attributed to R K Pandhi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Utility of fine-needle aspiration cytology in the classification of leprosy.

The role of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of benign skin lesions has been restricted primarily to the evaluation of bacteriologic and morphologic indices in leprosy. This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of FNAC in the diagnosis and classification of lepromatous lesions. Aspirates of 94 newly diagnosed cases of leprosy were studied, and the bacterial load was determined by modified Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) stain. A skin biopsy was taken from the same site at the same sitting. Frozen and paraffin sections stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and ZN stains were examined from the biopsy specimen. In 61 of 94 cases (64.9%), the aspirates were satisfactory. Both diagnosis and classification of leprosy were possible in 40 of these 61 cases; the rest of the aspirates showed nonspecific chronic inflammation. The 39 cases of leprosy where a biopsy was available from the same site were classified on FNAC into tuberculoid (TT and BT), lepromatous (LL and BL), and midborderline (BB) subtypes. Taking the histologic diagnosis and Ridley-Jopling classification to be the gold standard, a strong concordance in tuberculoid leprosy cases (18 of 20 cases, 90%) and in lepromatous cases (15 of 16 cases, 93.7%) was observed. Midborderline cases of leprosy posed a problem, and a correct cytohistological correlation was observed in only one of the three cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Group B streptococcal bacteremia in an adult: a case report from India.

The incidence of group B streptococcal bacteremia in adults has increased in recent years, particularly in patients with severe underlying diseases. However, group B still remains an unusual pathogen in adults in developing countries. We report a case of group B streptococcal bacteremia in a non-pregnant adult, the only case reported in our hospital. The organism was only isolated from the blood and responded to specific therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis--an unusual presentation.

Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis can present as hypopigmented macules, erythematous to skin-coloured papules, nodules and photosensitive butterfly erythema on the face. We present a patient with disseminated annular lesions of post-kala-azar dermal leishamaniasis. The patient was treated with daily intravenous injections of sodium antimony gluconate for 120 days at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight with complete clearance of lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

A comparative study of therapeutic response of patients with clinical chancroid to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and cotrimoxazole.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cotrimoxazole has traditionally been used as first drug for treatment of chancroid in India. With reports of increasing resistance to the drug, this study was conducted to compare treatment response of clinical chancroid between ciprofloxacin, 500 mg twice daily for 3 days, erythromycin, 500 mg four times daily for 7 days, and double-strength cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim 160 mg + sulfamethoxazole 800 mg), twice daily for 7 days. STUDY DESIGN: Forty-six patients with a clinical diagnosis of chancroid were randomly divided into 3 groups. Sixteen patients received ciprofloxacin, whereas 15 each received erythromycin and cotrimoxazole. Patients were seen on day 7, 14, and if needed day 21. Clinical response was noted in terms of cure, improvement, or failure. RESULTS: Excellent response was observed to both ciprofloxacin and erythromycin therapy with cure rates of 93.7% and 93.3%, respectively. Improvement was observed in 6.7% cases in both groups. There were no failures with either ciprofloxacin or erythromycin. Poor response to cotrimoxazole therapy was observed with 53.3% cure rates and a high failure rate of 46.7%. CONCLUSION: Ciprofloxacin and erythromycin are equally effective in chancroid. Ciprofloxacin is better in terms of dosage schedule, duration of treatment, and low cost. Cotrimoxazole should be discontinued as drug of choice because of high failure rates.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Secondary syphilis: a clinicopathologic study.

BACKGROUND: With the resurgence of syphilis in the HIV era, a greater awareness of the clinicopathologic features of the disease is desirable. This report describes and correlates the clinical and histopathologic features of secondary syphilis seen at a teaching hospital in Delhi, India. METHODS: Forty biopsies of mucocutaneous lesions from 31 consecutive patients with secondary syphilis, seen between September 1987 and January 1991, were studied and the histopathologic findings correlated with the clinical findings. RESULTS: A spectrum of histopathologic changes ranging from a minimal infiltrate to granulomatous inflammation throughout the dermis was seen. The pattern of inflammation correlated well with the type of skin lesion, with macules showing the least and nodules the most prominent changes. The predominant cell type in the infiltrate was the mononuclear cell/lymphocyte. Plasma cells were seen infrequently except in condylomata lata. Endothelial proliferation, the "classical" feature of the histopathology of syphilis was noted infrequently. CONCLUSIONS: The histologic manifestations of secondary syphilis appear to be as varied as the clinical ones. This calls for close interaction between the clinician and the pathologist to correlate the clinical, serologic, and histologic findings to establish the diagnosis of syphilis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Sexually transmitted diseases in children.

Fifty eight (16%) of the 362 patients, who reported to Dermatology and STD Department with symptoms pertaining to their genitourinary system were below 14 years of age. Fifty four (93.1%) of these children belonged to families of lower socio-economic strata. All the children were slum dwellers and none of them had studied beyond the third class. Syphilis was seen in 27.6%, gonorrhea in 24.1%, chancroid in 22.4%, candidiasis in 10.3%, condylomata acuminata in 6.9% and herpes genitalis in 6.9% of these children. The probable reasons for the increased prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in children as ascertained by this study were sexual promiscuity and probably sexual assault.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Subcutaneous mucormycosis in a non-immunocompromised patient treated with potassium iodide.

A 55-year-old teacher had had painful subcutaneous swellings on both her arms for 6 years, after receiving intramuscular multivitamin injections for generalized weakness. She did not have fever, constitutional or systemic symptoms. Cutaneous examination revealed ill-defined, subcutaneous, firm, globular, indurated, tender swellings with central softening on both the arms. There was no systemic involvement or lymphadenopathy. Aspiration cytology from one of the lesions showed inflammatory exudate with a mucor-like fungus. Skin biopsy revealed granulomatous inflammation with fungal hyphae resembling mucor within the giant cells. The patient was diagnosed as subcutaneous mycormycosis and treated with saturated solution of potassium iodide. Both the lesions completely disappeared within 10 weeks without any side-effect of the therapy.

Female↗