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Biomedical subjects

R K Scher

Publications and source records attributed to R K Scher.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Geriatric nail disorders: diagnosis and treatment.

Age-associated nail changes and disorders are common in elderly patients. Characteristic changes in color, contour, growth, surface, thickness, and histology occur in the nail unit as persons become older. Several onychodystrophies are frequently observed in these elderly patients: brittle nails, those induced by faulty biomechanics and trauma, infections, onychauxis, onychoclavus, onychogryphosis, onychophosis, splinter hemorrhages and subungual hematomas, and subungual exostosis. Awareness of the signs and symptoms of the aging nail will enable better assessment and management of the onychologic concerns of this group of older patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

The spectrum of nail disease in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

There are no known pathognomonic nail signs of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. However, several presentations should increase the index of suspicion. (1) Proximal white subungual onychomycosis or superficial white onychomycosis, especially of the fingernails, is present. Trichophyton rubrum appears to cause both most commonly in HIV-infected patients. Periungual dermatophyte involvement and involvement of all 10 fingernails is unusual in non-HIV-infected persons. (2) Candida is a primary pathogen of the nail bed and nail plate especially if many nails are involved. (3) A destructive, almost granulomatous-like psoriatic involvement of the nails is present. (4) Squamous cell carcinoma of the nail bed in a young adult. There are no clinical trails to confirm the efficacy of therapy mentioned in this article. The treatment suggestions are empirical and are the personal views of the authors.

Candidiasis, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1992

Nail cosmetics.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Cosmetics↗
PubMed1992

Open-label study of the safety and efficacy of Fungoid tincture in patients with distal subungual onychomycosis of the toes.

Onychomycosis is the most frequent cause of nail diseases. An open-label study has been conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Fungoid Tincture, a topical antifungal agent approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of onychomycosis of the toes. Ten patients with culture-proven distal subungual onychomycosis were treated twice daily for twelve months with topical Fungoid Tincture. Another ten patients with the same condition were treated with the vehicle alone. At monthly intervals, the target nail was trimmed, the nail bed debrided, and global clinical assessment recorded. After twelve months of therapy, all patients applying Fungoid Tincture showed negative findings on fungal culture. The vehicle alone benefitted several patients, and may have antifungal activity. Adverse effects were minimal, with mild peeling occurring in seven patients and erythema noted in one.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1991

Nail disorders in children.

The spectrum of nail abnormalities that may be seen in the pediatric population is discussed in this article. Developmental abnormalities, both hereditary and congenital, are discussed. Acquired nail abnormalities that may be similar to those seen in adults are also described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Congenital malalignment of the great toenails.

Congenital malalignment of the great toenails is a disorder in which malalignment of the nail matrix results in angular lateral nail plate growth. The consequence is onychodystrophy, which may progress to onychogryphosis and chronic ingrown toenails. There has been debate as to whether the condition is inherited or acquired in utero secondary to improper fetal positioning. A 6-year-old boy and his father, both of whom have this disorder, are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Histologic evaluation of nail clippings for diagnosing onychomycosis.

Nail clippings from patients suspected of having onychomycosis were processed for histologic evaluation in the same manner as routine skin with the addition of a chitin-softening solution prior to processing. The sections were stained by the periodic acid-Schiff method and examined for fungal hyphae. The results were compared with the results of fungal cultures from the same nail. Our findings indicate that routine histopathologic analysis of the nail plate alone is a useful complementary method to fungal culture for diagnosing onychomycosis.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1991

Longitudinal pigmented nail bands.

In this article, we have discussed the possible causes of a longitudinal pigmented nail band. A thorough history, physical examination, and, when indicated, biopsy of the origin of the band should reassure the patient with a benign lesion and direct further treatment of a patient with a malignant or potentially malignant lesion.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Brittle nails.

Brittle nails effect as much as 20% of the population and are significantly more common in women than in men. The major factor of this condition is dehydration of the nail plate. The causes of this dehydration are discussed with relevance to the structure, function, and development of the nail unit. The current approaches to the management of this difficult problem are also presented.

Dehydration↗
PubMed1991

Nail cosmetics.

Disorders of the nails may be brought about by systemic disease or outside influences. Although many of the products available on the market may be of great benefit in offering palliation of abnormalities of the nail plate, they may also be a source of significant adverse effects. Treatment of nail disorders must be predicated on a well-focused history, physical examination, and proper tissue samples.

Cosmetics↗
PubMed1991

Nail damage secondary to a hair spray.

Nail abnormalities secondary to contact with cosmetic preparations are well documented in the literature. This report documents a case of nail dystrophy apparently secondary to use of a hair spray.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Idiopathic atrophy of the nails: a possible hereditary association.

Idiopathic atrophy of the nails has been described as an acquired condition of childhood wherein the changes may lead to permanent loss with scarring of the nail bed. Three patients with idiopathic atrophy are described here, two of whom are siblings, ages 9 and 11 years. The authors suggest that all family members of patients with this condition be examined for possible involvement.

Atrophy↗