PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R K Tanwar

Publications and source records attributed to R K Tanwar.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Cerebral chromoblastomicosis--a rare case report of cerebral abscess and brief review of literature--a case report.

A rare case of Cerebral Chromomycosis caused by chromogenic fungus Cladosporium trichoides in a 35 year old male with classical presentation of cerebral abscess is being presented. The case report lays emphasis on the histological diagnosis of chromogenic fungus in the wall of the abscess cavity, surgically removed from a well delineated circumscribed lesion in the frontal lobe of the cerebrum. The causative fungus could be detected even in unstained paraffin sections. The diagnosis could be made only after surgical removal and histopathological examination. The mycological culture could not be made as the material was received in formaldehyde fixative. The unique features of the case is its recurrence free uneventful survival five years after surgical excision. This is probably the fifth reported case of cerebral chromomycosis from India and first of its type from arid zone of Rajasthan.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Results of definitive radiotherapy in T1 and T2 glottic carcinoma: Institute of Rotary Cancer Hospital experience.

Early glottic carcinomas (T1 and T2) constitute only 2% of all laryngeal cancers in our data. Seventy patients were seen between 1985 and 1992. All patients were treated by cobalt-60 small field radiotherapy using a beam directed shell. The total dose delivered was 60-65 Gy in 31 patients and 66-70 Gy in 39 patients. The follow-up period ranged from 5 to 126 months, with a mean follow up of 37 months overall and 55 months in the surgical salvage group. Radiation therapy controlled disease in 71% (50 of 70) of patients overall; 75% with T1 and 67% with T2 lesions. Total laryngectomy as salvage surgery was performed in 70% (14 of 20) of patients whose disease recurred. Ultimate control including surgical salvage occurred in 64 (91%) of 70 patients in the present study. The actuarial 5 year survival was 83 and 80% in T1 and T2 tumours, respectively (statistically insignificant). This report supports the policy of definitive irradiation, reserving surgical salvage for radiation failures in early laryngeal cancers.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Synchronous oesophageal carcinoma with non Hodgkin's lymphoma, problems with management.

A case of synchronous malignancy of oesophagus with Non Hodgkin's lymphoma is presented and the rarity of such an association is discussed. The inherent difficulties encountered were initial planning of therapy keeping in view of the general condition of the patient. The patient received three cycles (every 21 days) of CHOP regimen for Non Hodgkin's lymphoma and to maintain a static state of oesophageal cancer. The patient showed more than 75 percent response to NHL counterpart, and for carcinoma oesophagus counterpart short course high dose loco-regional radiation therapy was given and the tumor was found to be resectable.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1995

Orbital neurofibrosarcoma: a case report.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours of orbit is rare entity. Only sixteen cases are reported in world literature. Bengin schwannomas of the orbit are found in 1.5 to 18 percent of patients with von Recklinghausen's disease (VRD) and form 1 percent of all orbital tumours1. The incidence of malignant transformation in VRD is varies from 5-15 percent of all the cases1.

Female↗
PubMed1994

Polioencephalomalacia induced with amprolium in buffalo calves--clinicopathologic findings.

Polioencephalomalacia was induced in eight buffalo calves, 6-12 months old, by drenching amprolium (300 mg/kg body weight per day) for 29-55 days. Four buffalo calves of the same age group were drenched with tap water only and served as control. Blood samples were collected at different intervals during amprolium administration until the onset of clinical signs. Cerebrospinal fluid was also collected prior to amprolium administration and at the onset of clinical signs. A significant progressive decrease in erythrocyte transketolase (TK) activity and an increase in the percent of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) effect were observed in amprolium-fed calves during amprolium administration until the onset of clinical signs. There was a significant increase in blood lactate and blood pyruvate concentrations and a significant decrease in lactate/pyruvate ratio at the onset of clinical signs. Serum electrolyte (Na, Ca, P, Mg) concentrations showed no significant changes. However, the serum potassium concentration had decreased significantly at the onset of signs. The cerebrospinal fluid analyses revealed a significant increase in lactate and pyruvate concentrations and lactate/pyruvate ratio in amprolium-fed calves. The electrolytes (Na, K, Ca, P and Mg) of cerebrospinal fluid did not show any change. It is concluded that oral administration of amprolium (300 mg/kg body weight daily) for 4-6 weeks produces biochemical changes characteristic of polioencephalomalacia in buffalo calves.

Amprolium↗
PubMed1994

Breast metastasis from primary cervical cancer.

Metastasis to the breast from primary cervical cancer is rare. A 52-year-old woman developed breast metastasis 6 months after the diagnosis of primary cervical cancer. The mammography showed discrete well defined nodules without microcalcification. Fine needle aspiration cytology confirmed the diagnosis. Treatment with cis-platinum chemotherapy and local radiotherapy resulted in complete response. The patient continues to be alive and disease-free 18 months since the diagnosis of breast metastasis.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

Case report: giant cell tumour of metacarpals: report of three cases.

Giant cell tumour of the metacarpal bone is rare. We have encountered three cases during the last 30 years. Surgical treatment is difficult in such a critical site and is always associated with functional deformities and poor cosmesis. We have successfully treated two males and one female with lesions of the 1st, 2nd and 4th metacarpal bones using a Theratron-60 telecobalt machine. The radiation dose delivered was 50-55 Gy over 4.5-5 weeks. The three patients all tolerated radiotherapy treatment well, though moderate radiation dermatitis (Grade II-III) was seen. The regression of tumour mass started after about 2 months of radiation therapy and complete regression occurred after several months. The pain subsided immediately. Long follow up of 7-11 years revealed no signs of local recurrence, distant metastasis or radiation induced malignancy. The results of radiation therapy are excellent in terms of functional integrity and cosmesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Polioencephalomalacia induced with amprolium in buffalo calves: pathologic changes of the central nervous system.

Eight apparently healthy male buffalo calves of 6 to 12 months of age were drenched with amprolium (300 mg/kg body weight) till the development of clinical signs. Four buffalo calves of the same age group were drenched with tap water only and these served as controls. Amprolium drenched calves were allowed to die after the onset of clinical signs and control calves were euthanised after the death of amprolium fed calves. Tissues were collected for histopathological studies. Formalin fixed brain slices were examined for autofluorescence with the help of ultraviolet light at 365 nm. Gross and histopathological changes were mainly confined to the brain in amprolium fed calves. Gross lesions included congestion and haemorrhages in the meninges. The cerebral gyri were swollen with yellowish discolouration of cerebral cortex. Microscopic changes in the brain were limited to gray matter structures of cerebral and cerebellar cortex, caudal colliculi of mid brain and thalamus. There was shrinkage of neurons, perivascular and pericellular edema, necrosis of neurons, satellitosis, glial nodule and gliosis. Blood vessel walls were thickened due to hypertrophy and hyperplasia of endothelial and adventitial cells. In the cerebellar cortex, there was degeneration of Purkinje cells. The caudal colliculi of mid brain showed bilateral malacia. In the necrotic areas, neuropils were fragmented, edematous and hypercellular due to increased number of microglial cells and there was neocapillary formation. Subcortical gray matter of the thalamus showed necrosis of neurons, gliosis with formation of glial nodule. Formalin-fixed brain slices of amprolium fed calves showed disseminated areas of greenish yellow autofluorescence in the cerebral cortex when viewed under ultraviolet light at 365 nm.

Amprolium↗
PubMed1992

Intracranial metastases from carcinoma cervix and review of literature.

Brain metastases from primary cervical carcinoma are uncommon. Only 41 cases have been reported so far in the English literature. We have seen 2 cases over the last 2 years among 481 patients with cervical cancer. Brain metastases developed 7 and 35 months after the primary diagnosis. One patient with solitary metastasis had no evidence of disease elsewhere and is free of disease after surgery and radiation therapy 7 months after the brain metastasis. Another patient with multiple brain metastases and cervical disease is alive 2 months after palliative radiation therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Effect of intracerebral injection of chlorpromazine and diazepam on acid phosphatase activity in the mouse brain.

Chlorpromazine (CPZ) administration resulted in an increase in acid phosphatase (AcP) activity in the lamina VI of the neocortex, pyramidal cell layer, granular cell layer and hilus of the hippocampal formation. Diazepam (DZ) administration also induced an increase in AcP activity in the lamina VI of the neocortex and in the pyramidal cell layer of the hippocampal formation. The large-sized pyramidal cells of the hippocampal formation indicated a more prominent and continuous reaction in the cell processes during the administration of CPZ and DZ. The possible role of CPZ and DZ has been discussed in relation to the AcP activity in the regions studied.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

Comparative distribution of acid phosphatase and simple esterase in the mouse neocortex and hippocampal formation.

The present study deals with the detailed distribution of acid phosphatase (AcP) and simple esterase (SE) in different layers of the neocortex and hippocampal formation of the mouse brain. The neurons, in general, had moderate to intense enzyme activity for AcP and mild to moderate activity for SE. The AcP activity dominated in the neuronal population as compared to the neuropil; the neuropil stained mildly for SE. The large pyramidal cells in the neocortex and cornu ammonis, and the granular cell layer of the gyrus dentatus, demonstrated strong enzyme activity both in AcP and SE preparations. The role of AcP and SE has been discussed in relation to various structures of the neocortex and hippocampal formation.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1984

Histochemical mapping of ATPase and 5'-nucleotidase in the telencephalon and diencephalon of mouse.

The paper deals with a detailed histochemical mapping of adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and 5'-Nucleotidase (5'-N) in the telencephalon and diencephalon of mouse. The majority of brain matter nuclei demonstrated high activity for ATPase while, in contrast, only a few nuclei revealed high intensity of 5'-N. In general, the neuronal population dominated in ATPase activity as compared to the neuropil. The highest ATPase activity was observed in the cerebral cortex, nucleus caudatus-putamen, hippocampus, habenular complex and hypothalamus as compared to the thalamus, subthalamus and metathalamus. The motor dominating regions have indicated, invariably, intense ATPase activity than the sensory dominating or sensory-motor nuclei. The highest 5'-N activity was observed in nucleus caudatusputamen, globus pallidus, induseum griseum, nucleus amygdaloideus anterior, nucleus amygdaloideus centralis and nucleus accumbens. The heterogeneous distribution of 5'-N activity was observed in the different regions of hippocampus ranging from mild through moderate to very intense. The brain matter nuclei which dominated with the myelinated fibers demonstrated very intense 5'-N activity. The significance of ATPase and 5'-N has been discussed in relation to the nature of brain matter nuclei and fiber tracts.

5'-Nucleotidase↗
PubMed1984

The distributive pattern of beta-galactosidase in the forebrain and mid-brain of the mouse.

The present study demonstrates the distribution pattern of beta-galactosidase (BGL) in the forebrain and mid-brain of the mouse. Mild enzyme activity was observed in the neurons of the forebrain and mid-brain. Interestingly, strong enzyme activity in some nuclei was due to the presence of myelinated fibers. Most of the fiber tracts and commissures showed strong enzyme activity. The involvement of BGL in myelin metabolism is discussed.

Animals↗