PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Kalich

Publications and source records attributed to R Kalich.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Significant changes in the pathologic-anatomical manifestations of tuberculosis].

In a study about the frequency of primary and secondary drug resistance in tuberculosis all patients treated in hospital in 1980 were included. Primary drug resistance, that means resistance in patients not yet previously treated, was detected in 2.1% of patients excreting M. tuberculosis. Among them there were 0.6% with resistance to both INH and SM. The frequency of secondary resistance--against 1 to 5 drugs--was 17.7%. comparing the dates with the frequency of resistance in the sixties a remarkable decrease can be recognized both in primary and in secondary drug resistance. That indicates progress in tuberculosis control.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Comparison of the efficiency of the Soviet culture medium no. 3 and the media used for cultivation of mycobacteria in routine in the GDR (author's transl)].

In cooperation of ten laboratories the Soviet culture medium Mo. 3 (FINN) was compared with the media used in the GDR for primary cultivation of mycobacteria in routine (German Pharmacopoeia (diagnostic laboratory methods) GDR). The efficiency of the media tested in the study was nearly the same, not only concerning the number of positive cultures but also in time of growth and the number of colonies.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1981

Comparative studies on detergents - chlorhexidinum gluconicum, ditalan wo hc, sodium-laurylsulphate, laurosept, nekal bx - used for homogenization of diagnostic specimens in the microbiological diagnostic of tuberculosis.

Between 1974 and 1978 there were carried out comparative studies concerning the value of several detergents used to homogenization of diagnostic specimens in six countries (Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, German Democratic Republic, Poland, The Soviet Union and Yugoslavia). In the first study it was confirmed that the homogenization of diagnostic materials by detergents gives good results and is more economical than conventional Petroff's method. In the majority of centers the highest detection of tubercle bacilli was found after homogenization by Sodium-Laurylsulphated-technique. Remarkable differences in the time of growth of tubercle bacilli after homogenization of the same samples by Laurylsulphate, Laurosept and Petroff's lye method were not observed. While, after homogenization by Nekal BX the time of growth was a little bit retarded. In the lowest percentage of contamination was observed after homogenization by Nekal BX. In the second study the value of Polish detergents (Chlorhexidinum gluconicum and Laurosept) was compared with Ditalan OW hc made in GDR and with other routinely in the participating laboratories used techniques. The best results were obtained after homogenization of specimens by Chlorhexidinum gluconicum. But the comparison to Laurosept and Ditalan WO hc showed no significant differences. Homogenization of sputa was better and number of contaminations lower after using laurosept or Ditalan WO hc than by means of Chlorhexidinum gluconicum.

Chlorhexidine↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of auramine-rhodamine B and acridine orange for staining of acid-fast bacteria.

In cooperation of 6 laboratories in Czechoslovakia and in the GDR, the efficiency of auramine-rhodamine B (AR) and acridine orange (AO) (short-time method) for staining of acid-fast bacilli was compared. Whereas a former comparison of AR and AO (original method) pointed out the superiority of AR, the investigation of both methods used as short-time procedures showed significantly more acid-fast rods after using AO. The number of "false positive" results was somewhat higher on AR staining. However the results depend not only on the method used but also on the procedure of staining and the optical equipment, and they are essentially influenced by the experience and proficiency of the microscopist. Taking into account the results of both studies both auramine-rhodamine B and acridine orange can be proposed for the staining of slides for microscopical detection of acid-fast rods. In case of AO, the short-time method is superior to the original long-time procedure.

Acridine Orange↗
PubMed1978

[Determination of the sensitivity of mycobacteria to pyrazinamide and nicotinamide (author's transl)].

Since pyrazinamide (PZA) has had a come-back in therapy of tuberculosis a simple and reliable method for sensitivity tests has been necessary. A comparison of resistance tests to PZA in acid Löwenstein-Jensen-medium and in fluid medium with those to nicotinamide (NSA) showed a clear superiority of the NSA method, recommended by BRANDER. Also in routine sensitivity tests the use of NSA instead of PZA has stood the test. Another advantage of the method is the possibility to integrate it in the simplified proportion method without any additional work.

Drug Resistance, Microbial↗
PubMed1977

[Comparative study between the surface-active substances präwozell NBX (Nekal BX) and Ditalan WO hc for homogenization and decontamination of specimens for the cultivation of mycobacteria (author's transl)].

In cooperation of eight laboratories the new surface-active substance Ditalan WO hc was compared with Präwozell NBX (Nekal BX) used for homogenization and decontamination of the specimens for culture investigations of mycobacteria in routine. Under routine conditions Ditalan showed a slight, but statistically not significant advantage. Out of 1672 specimens pretreated with both detergents 482 cultures were positive in all, 429 (89,0%) after homogenization with Ditalan and 413 (85,7%) after pretreatment with Präwozell. The rate of contamination of the cultures was low in both cases (about 0,5%). Ditalan had a better mucolytic effect than Präwozell. In quantitative investigations the number of positive cultures was equal with both methods, but the number of colonies was somewhat higher and the time of growth was a little shorter after using Ditalan. In the third part the influence of both detergent-reagent-solutions on mycobacteria of different species was compared to that of physiological sodium chloride solution. The rate of growth was decreased by both the detergents in nearly the same degree. But the damaging effect is caused less by the detergent itself than by the sodium hydroxide contained in the solution used for pretreatment of the specimens.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1976

[Morphological and bacteriological investigations of pulmonary apical scars (author's transl)].

207 apical lung pieces of 128 autopsies with macroscopical visible changes of so called pulmonary apical caps were investigated with histologic and bacteriologic methods. Histologically, 19% of all cases showed tuberculous changes, 43% suspicious tuberculous changes and 38% no tuberculous changes. Mycobacteria were found only in one case by bacteriological methods. The morphological results were correlated with the findings of mass chest x-ray (so-called VRRU). It became evident, that half of all chest x-rays was normal, only one third showed pathological changes and the other third was not registered by the dispensary.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Comparison of the efficiency of a modified Ogawa medium and the media used for culture investigation on tuberculosis in routine (author's transl)].

In cooperation of nine laboratories a modified Ogawa medium containing asparagine was compared with the media used in the GDR for culture investigations on tuberculosis in routine [German Pharmacopoeia (diagnostic laboratory methods) GDR]. The efficiency of the modified Ogawa medium containing asparagine instead of sodiumglutamate was comparable to that of the original Ogawa medium and did not show any better results. By this means it is once more evident that Ogawa medium is an efficient medium for culture on tuberculosis. It is less liable to contamination and easily to be prepared.

Asparagine↗