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Biomedical subjects

R Kane

Publications and source records attributed to R Kane.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Developmental perspective of the Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.

This paper concerned developmental perspectives of the Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome. Topics addressed included birth, developmental and family histories, and symptom picture. The neglected area of academic achievement was examined. Results of the first systematic investigation of neuro-psychological functioning of Tourette children undertaken in the United States was presented. Subjects were 13 diagnosed male Tourette patients between 10 and 13 yr. of age. Parents completed the Developmental History and Tourette Syndrome Questionnaires while subjects were administered the WISC-R, Wide Range Achievement Test, Bender-Gestalt, and Halstead Neuropsychological Test Battery for Children. There was no supporting evidence that pre-/postnatal trauma was significant in the etiology of the disorder. Again, evidence suggested a genetic component. Finally, academic difficulties appear related to the visuographic dysfunction noted on neuropsychological assessment.

Achievement↗
PubMed1982

Ultrasound-guided catheter localization of intrahepatic abscesses--an aid in open surgical drainage.

A catheter placed by the radiologist in a hepatic abscess before operation affords many luxuries to the surgeon. Percutaneous aspiration of the abscess provides material for Gram stain and culture, thereby allowing appropriate perioperative selection of antibiotics. The decompression provided gives the surgeon time to prepare the patient adequately for operation. Most important, use of the catheter as a guide to the abscess allows the surgeon to select the optimal approach to the liver and then proceed directly to the involved area. In this way operating time, blood loss, damage to uninvolved areas of the liver, and unnecessary contamination are kept to a minimum.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Physicians' attitudes toward female patients.

The relative impact of a patient's sex and expressivity (expression of a personal problem) on attitudes of physicians toward patients was assessed using case simulations and questionnaires. Eight simulated cases were used that varied by presenting complaint, patient sex, and inclusion or exclusion of a personal problem. Two non-identical cases were read by each of 253 primary-care physicians, yielding 506 questionnaires for analysis. Of the physicians, 25 per cent believed women were likely to make excessive demands on physician time, although only 14 per cent believed this likely of men (p less than 0.01); women's complaints were judged more likely to be influenced by emotional factors (65 per cent versus 51 per cent in men, p less than 0.01), and were identified as psychosomatic more frequently than were men's (21 per cent versus 9 per cent, p less than 0.01). No sex differences were observed for tranquilizer prescriptions. Sex differences persisted when complaint and expressiveness were controlled; however, physicians' reactions to expressivity were strong enough to equalize male-female differences in some items. Although non-expressive women were more likely to receive a psychosomatic diagnosis than non-expressive men (14 per cent versus 2 per cent, p less than 0.01), expressive men and women were almost equally likely to receive psychosomatic diagnoses. Thus, differences in labeling occurred as a function of the patient's sex and expressivity. The effects of these differences on quality of care remain to be determined.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1980

The future need for geriatric manpower in the United States.

Additional medical manpower will be required to meet the growth in the elderly segment of the United States population over the next 50 years. This paper provides estimates of the needs for medical geriatric manpower under four different models: continuation of the status quo; academic geriatricians only; provision of care by academic and consultant geriatricians; and provision of care by academic, consultant, and primary-care geriatric practitioners. Each option is further analyzed in terms of three levels of delegation to nonphysician clinicians. We project the implications of these 12 patterns through the year 2030, assuming present usage levels and allowing for improved care of the elderly. The need for geropsychiatric care is explored separately. We think that geriatricians should provide improved care, including both consultant and primary care, to people aged 75 years and older, and that they should delegate a moderate amount of responsibility to nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and social workers. On the basis of these assumptions, and allowing for an academic role as well, we estimate that the United States will require between 7000 and 10,300 geriatricians by the year 1990; the best intermediate figure is about 8000.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Channeling health: a review of the evaluation of televised health campaigns.

This article reviews efforts to assess the effectiveness of television programs on changing health behaviors. The relatively limited literature to date has featured primarily correlational studies which permitted no causal conclusions. The few experimental studies available present a mixed picture. Numerous methodologic problems beset any effort at assessment of effectiveness. Perhaps the greatest difficulty is operationalizing a design that permits true experimental manipulation on a relevant sample without contamination. The several methodologic problems and some potential means of surmounting them are discussed.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1979

Comparative studies of hemoperfusion devices. II. Pressure drop and flow uniformity tests.

One resin-based hemoperfusion device and three charcoal-based hemoperfusion devices were tested to determine their pressure drop and flow uniformity characteristics. Measurements were made on pressure drop versus flow rate using distilled water and on pressure drop versus time using bovine blood. Effluent concentration curves obtained after the step-change introduction of a high molecular weight dye solution to each unit were used to determine the priming volumes of the devices and were interpreted to yield information regarding the uniformities of flow in each device. The pressure drop and priming volume values for the resin-based device were significantly higher than the corresponding values for the charcoal-based units.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Phase II trial of cyclophosphamide, hexamethylmelamine, adriamycin, and cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) combination chemotherapy in advanced ovarian carcinoma.

A monthly four-drug regimen of cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II), each given iv of Day 1, and hexamethylmelamine, given orally on Days 1--14 (CHAP), was administered to 39 women with advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma who had previously failed alkylating agent therapy. Of 35 evaluable patients with a measurable disease parameter, seven (20%) achieved a clinical complete response and ten (29%) achieved a clinical partial response. The median duration of complete response is greater than 9 months and the median duration of partial response is 4 months. Ninety percent of the patients required dose adjustments because of profound leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, or gastrointestinal intolerance. CHAP is an active but toxic regimen in the management of advanced ovarian cancer. The toxicity encountered reflected the intensity of the drug schedule as well as the combined influences of advanced stage of disease, poor nutritional and performance status, and prior therapy. The efficacy of this CHAP regimen warrants a controlled trial compared to other active drug programs.

Alkylating Agents↗
PubMed1978

Changes in utilization patterns in a National Health Service Corps community.

Utilization patterns in two adjacent rural Utah counties were compared over a span of five years (1971-1976). In one, a three-physician National Health Service Corps site was established during the interval; the other went from one family physician to two during the same period. The Corps site showed an increase in physician utilization while the "control" county utilization remained unchanged. However, despite the increased utilization of physicians in the Corps site, fewer respondents identified a family physician, especially one located within the county. This is consistent with an interpretation that county residents were content to use Corps physicians, but saw them as transitory figures with whom they could form no permanent attachment. A second brief follow-up study a year later suggests that the community had already begun to acknowledge the Corps doctors as their family physicians.

Health Services↗