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Biomedical subjects

R Kane

Publications and source records attributed to R Kane.

102 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiological and genetic observations on human schistosomiasis in Kinshasa, Zaire.

A survey for Schistosoma intercalatum conducted in Kinshasa, Zaire, in September 1994 revealed a prevalence of 3.6% (n = 167). Three isolates of schistosomes were made by exposing Bulinus wrighti to miracidia hatched from eggs collected from 2 infected children. Characterization of the isolates by biochemical (isoenzymes of phosphoglucomutase), molecular (restriction fragment length polymorphism and randomly amplified polymorphic deoxyribonucleic acid analysis) and morphological (egg measurements) techniques confirmed the existence of an autochthonous transmission focus of S. intercalatum in Kinshasa. The study also provided evidence of the occurrence of natural hybridization between S. intercalatum and S. haematobium. No potential snail host for either species was found in the 2 rivers examined. Apart from Bu. globosus from Zambia and Bu. wrighti, snail infection experiments showed an incompatible relationship between the parasite isolates and snails belonging to the Bu. forskalii group, the Bu. iruncatus/Bu. tropicus complex, and the Bu. africanus group.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Electrocochleographic changes in the hearing loss associated with X-linked hypophosphataemic osteomalacia.

Transtympanic electrocochleography was carried out on 13 patients (21 ears) suffering from X-linked hypophosphataemic osteomalacia, and known to have cochlear hearing loss. The majority of ears exhibited a cochlear pattern of cochleogram with a recruiting input/output function and a markedly biphasic action potential. In addition 14 ears yielded a greatly enhanced negative summating potential, suggesting the presence of endolymphatic hydrops. It is proposed that the hearing loss so frequently associated with this condition is in part due to endolymphatic hydrops.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of antitumor activity of declopramide (3-chloroprocainamide) and N-acetyl-declopramide.

Previous studies have suggested that some of the antitumor activity of declopramide (3-chloroprocainamide) could be due to its metabolites. One metabolite has been identified as N-acetyl-declopramide (N-acetyl-3-chloroprocainamide). The aim of this study is to investigate the bioactivity of N-acetyl-declopramide and to compare it with its parent compound. The data have shown that N-acetyl-declopramide inhibited tumor cell growth in vitro in HL60 and K562 cells, and in vivo in scid mice xenografted with a human brain astrocytoma (T24), which was evaluated after oral doses of 20 and 40 mg/kg given at 0, 24 and 48 hr +/- a single im dose of cisplatin (7.5 mg/kg). The action was presumably by inducing DNA strand breaks and apoptosis. No acute toxic symptoms and no body weight loss were observed. N-acetyl-declopramide given orally or im gave a similar drug level in mouse serum 30 minutes after administration (p > 0.05). It had a greater antitumor activity in vitro in HL60 or K562 cells and a similar efficacy of inhibiting tumor growth in vivo, when compared with declopramide. These data provided an explanation for the primary result obtained in this study, i.e. declopramide administered orally at 40 mg/kg gave the same efficacy of inhibiting tumor growth as im injection although oral administration had a lower bioavailability due to the formulation of N-acetyl-declopramide. Based on these data, it was concluded that the antitumor properties of declopramide administered orally were not compromised by metabolism to N-acetyl-declopramide because the latter also has strong antitumor properties.

Acetylation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The blood pressure and heart rate chronome of centenarians.

Rhythm characteristics of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (Hr) of 11 healthy centenarians and 66 medical students are described. Each subject ambulatorily monitored measured BP and HR around the clock at 15-min intervals for 48 hours. Least-squares spectra were obtained by the fit of cosine curves (cosinor) and compared between the two populations. Confounding by geographic differences seems to be ruled out by comparisons with results from international data bases. A shift in prominence from the circadian domain to higher frequency harmonics was found for the BP but not for the HR of centenarians. In clinically mostly healthy centenarians, markers of primary aging may consist of a relatively low circadian BP and HR amplitude and a tendency toward internal and external desynchronization. Whether these chronobiologic changes with age are desirable, indifferent or undesirable can now be elucidated by outcome studies, in the light of the reference standards provided herein.

Activity Cycles↗