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Biomedical subjects

R Kefford

Publications and source records attributed to R Kefford.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

A phase II trial of oral 4'demethoxydaunorubicin (DMDR) in inoperable non small cell lung cancer.

4'Demethoxydaunorubicin, an orally active daunorubicin analogue, was administered to 22 patients with inoperable non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients were stratified into good and poor risk categories and received doses of 45 mg/m2 and 40 mg/m2 respectively at 28 day intervals. All 22 patients were evaluable for response: No tumour responses occurred. Therapy was well tolerated. Mild gastrointestinal toxicity occurred in 41% of patients. Leucopenia with a wcc less than 3 x 10(9)/L occurred in 33% of patients and thrombocytopenia less than 100 x 10(9)/L in 9%. Severe marrow toxicity was rare and there appeared to be no difference in terms of toxicity between the different dose levels. DMDR appears to have no useful clinical activity in NSCLC.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Carboplatin (CBDCA, JM-8) and VP-16-213 in previously untreated patients with small-cell lung cancer.

The efficacy and toxicity of carboplatin 100 mg/m2, administered intravenously (IV) daily X 3, and VP-16-213 120 mg/m2, IV daily X 3, administered every 28 days for six courses, was assessed in 94 (36 limited stage, 58 extensive stage) previously untreated patients with small-cell lung cancer. Mediastinal irradiation using 50 Gy in 25 fractions was given to all limited-stage patients with a complete (CR) or partial response (PR) after three chemotherapy courses. Cranial irradiation was administered to all patients with CR. Objective responses were seen in 77% (CR 40%, PR 37%) of patients with limited-stage and 58% (CR, 9%; PR, 49%) with extensive-stage disease. Median relapse-free survival for objective responders with limited stage was 14.6 months and 7.9 months for extensive-stage patients. Median relapse-free survival following CR was 15.4 months and 8.5 months for PR. Median survival was 15.3 months for limited-stage and 8.1 months for extensive-stage patients. The combination was well tolerated with mild nausea or less (World Health Organization [WHO] grade 0 or 1) in 62% of patients and minimal mucositis, renal, neurotoxicity, or ototoxicity. Neutropenia less than 1.0 X 10(9)/L (WHO grade 3 or 4) was seen in 63% of patients, with two deaths from infection while neutropenic. The combination of carboplatin and VP-16-213 is a new, active program with low toxicity when applied intensively in previously untreated patients with small-cell lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Sequence and evolution of the human T-cell antigen receptor beta-chain genes.

We present the nucleotide sequences of the two genomic constant (C)-region gene segments, C beta 1 and C beta 2, encoding the beta chain of the human T-cell antigen receptor. The two C beta genes are organized identically to each other and to the corresponding mouse genes, both having four exons, whose boundaries were confirmed from the sequence of a C beta 2 cDNA clone from the T-cell line MOLT-4. The predicted amino acid sequences of human C beta 1 and C beta 2 differ at only five positions, which suggests that the proteins have very similar functions. This similarity is the result of strong nucleotide-sequence conservation in protein-coding regions, which extends to silent positions. A quantitative analysis of an alignment of the nucleotide sequences of the two human genes shows that whereas the 5' ends (including the first exon) are extremely homologous, the 3' ends are widely divergent, with other regions having intermediate levels of homology. Analysis of published data [Gascoigne, N.R.J., Chien, Y., Becker, D.M., Kavaler, J. & Davis, M.M. (1984) Nature (London) 310, 387-391] shows that the mouse C beta 1 and C beta 2 genes are also virtually identical in their first exons but more divergent in the remaining coding regions. Therefore, partial gene conversion events may have occurred during the evolution of both human and mouse C beta genes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cancer in the family. Part 2.

This second article follows on from 'Cancer in the family--guidelines for general practice' (AFP, May, 1997). It reviews the current knowledge for bowel cancer, breast-ovarian cancer and melanoma, from a genetic perspective.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗