Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R Klett.
The authors report on the results of a care concept for drug-addicted persons. The mechanisms of cooperation between the law enforcement executives, the drug information centres, and the Public Health administration are explained.
Extraoral recording methods are bound to produce geometric projection errors. Mirror projections of the curvatures on both sides are a particular problem in clicking joints, thus complicating diagnosis. With the aid of magnetic resonance tomography it has been demonstrated in clinical examples that misinterpretations of the recordings can be avoided by means of computer-supported measuring systems providing accurate projection error correction. Furthermore, it is important that diagnosis be based not only on the usual sagittal plane recordings but also on additional information from the horizontal and frontal planes. Magnetic resonance tomography is then used to confirm the eccentric disc luxation established with the aid of the electronic recordings.
40 patients with suspected intraarticular soft tissue displacement have been examined clinically and with the aid of electronic recording methods. The disc position has been verified by means of magnetic resonance tomography. Based on these results and on functional as well as anatomic considerations the development of various forms of articular disc displacement is discussed. Within the pathogenetic considerations particular attention must be paid to the role of dysfunctional excessive mouth opening and the loosening of the posterior cranial attachment of the disc on the base of the skull. This attachment is subjected to individual variations. An intact posterior cranial attachment of the articular disc via the superior stratum of the bilaminar zone at the base of the skull may result in an eccentric posterior displacement under existing dysfunctional loads. On the other hand, lack of repositioning forces due to a weak or loosening attachment may favor the development of centric anterior types of displacement.
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Both unformulated (bulk) and formulated (drugs) organic nitrate esters (isosorbide dinitrate, nitroglycerin, and pentaerythritol tetranitrate) were studied in the presence and absence of hydrochloric acid to determine if they could be sources of nitrite (and therefore lead to nitrosamine formation) under acidic conditions similar to those found in the stomach. The presence and generation of nitrite ion was detected by a modification of the Griess reaction. Bulk isosorbide dinitrate and nitroglycerin were found to be contaminated with 13.8-121.4 mumoles of inorganic nitrite per mole of nitrate ester. In addition, in the presence of hydrochloric acid, these preparations generated 0.52-1.18 mumoles of inorganic nitrite/mole of nitrate ester/min. Unformulated nitroglycerin generated nitrite at a rate roughly twice that of isosorbide dinitrate. In contrast, no evidence for nitrite contamination or generation by pentaerythritol tetranitrate was found. Tablets and capsules of isosorbide dinitrate contained approximately 27-216 mumoles of nitrite/mole of nitrate ester and, in the presence of hydrochloric acid, generated an average of 0.55 mumole nitrite/min. For isosorbide dinitrate, this rate was similar for bulk and formulated drug. In comparison to isosorbide dinitrate, the amount of nitrite initially present in tablets and capsules of nitroglycerin varied more widely (approximately 25-2290 mumoles nitrite/mole of nitrate ester), and in this case nitrite was generated at higher rates than unformulated drug averaging approximately 4.7 mumoles nitrite/mole of nitrate ester/min. Contrary to a literature report, we found that nitrate ion is not reduced to nitrite by hydrochloric acid (pH 1-3).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Since there is an interrelationship between construction-related inclination of condylar guidance and the Bennett angle with the Dentatus articulator, Lauritzen suggested that the inclination of condylar guidance be adjusted 1 degree in the opposing direction for every 5 degrees alteration in the Bennett angle. This method was rejected because calculations of the interdependence of condylar guidance and Bennett angle showed the results, in some cases, to be worse than when the angle was not adjusted. An exact correction procedure was described.
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