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Biomedical subjects

R Kotilainen

Publications and source records attributed to R Kotilainen.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Osseo-integration of dental implants in radiated mandibles: an experimental study with beagle dogs.

This investigation was planned to detect the ability of radiated bone to integrate with dental implants and to study the load-bearing capacity of these implants. In five beagle dogs, the premolars were extracted, after which one side of the mandible was radiated with 40 Gy. Three months later, two hollow-cylinder implants were placed on each side of the mandible. After a three-month period of osseo-integration, bridges were constructed on the implants, and they were loaded for six months. Both clinical and x-ray examinations showed that all implants had integrated well and bore load without change in their host sites for a six-month period, at which time the dogs were killed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Jaw fractures in children.

From a total of 350 jaw fractures treated in 1980-1984 at Kuopio University Central Hospital, 20% were in children. These injuries were evaluated retrospectively regarding age, sex, incidence and etiology. Forty-five of the patients were boys and 25 girls. The frequency of maxillary and mandibular fractures in 70 young patients was 28.6%. The most common type of bone fractures was fracture of the alveolar process, which was prevalent in persons with mixed dentition. Before the age of 7 years, falls from height were the common causes of jaw fractures. The major cause of the jaw fractures in children from 7 to 15 years old was road accidents (47.1%), especially in boys. Most of these were cycling accidents, only a few patients were victims of automobile accidents. In addition, about one third (25.7%) of the patients were treated in the hospital because of multiple injuries to other organs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Some local and systemic factors related to tongue inflammation.

As part of a larger study aimed at surveying the clinical, histological and immunohistochemical features of filiform atrophy and geographic and fissured tongue, this work presents the clinical findings of three patient groups and controls. 200 individuals were examined; 18 (9%) had atrophic tongue, 15 (7.5%) geographic tongue and 53 (26.5%) fissured tongue; further, 12 (6%) had hyperkeratotic lesions of the tongue and 102 (51%) subjects had no tongue lesions. According to the anamnestic information, patients with atrophic or geographic tongue seemed to have a stronger tendency toward allergy than subjects in other groups, while patients with atrophic tongue had more abnormalities of the heart and circulatory system. These tongue forms did not show any association with smoking or drinking habits, but hyperkeratotic lesions (leukoplakia, lichen planus, hairy tongue) of the tongue were clearly associated with moderate and heavy smoking. Atrophic, geographic and fissured tongue seem to be specific changes of the lingual mucosa; patients with these changes did not have more changes elsewhere on the oral mucosa than the controls. Patients with atrophic tongue had lowered rates of saliva secretion. Histologically, heavy inflammation was noted in fissured tongue. In geographic tongue, inflammation was moderate and in atrophic tongue often only mild. Each tongue form seems to have its own typical histological morphology.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Haematological and immunological features of patients with fissured tongue syndrome.

Blood samples from 40 patients with fissured tongue syndrome (FTS) were examined, and the results were compared with those of 20 healthy control subjects. FTS was diagnosed when a) the patient had a fissured tongue with smooth-surfaced papillae (n = 25) or b) the patient had geographic tongue and some relatives had fissured tongue (n = 15). These tongue forms were verified also histologically. To evaluate the possibility of systemic disorders in patients with FTS we determined the whole blood picture and levels of vitamin B12, serum folate, serum ferritin, and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM, IgE). None of the patients with FTS nor any of the controls were found to be anaemic. The mean levels of serum vitamin B12, ferritin and folate were, however, slightly lower in the patient group than in the controls. These findings suggest that anaemia does not play a primary role in the aetiology of fissured tongue syndrome. The most striking haematological findings were the decreased thrombocyte and leucocyte counts in patients with fissured tongue syndrome compared with the control subjects. Furthermore, the lymphocyte count and serum IgG were low in the patient group. When the two patient groups were compared no differences were found. These observations are discussed from the standpoint of deficiency in the immunological defence mechanism of patients with fissured tongue syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Sialochemistry in mucosal lesions of the tongue: electrolytes and total protein.

A total of 39 patients with tongue diseases and 17 controls were subjected to chemical analysis of saliva to determine whether tongue lesions are correlated with the composition of the saliva. The salivary flow rate, total protein, phosphate and electrolyte content (Na, K, Ca) were measured in unstimulated and stimulated saliva. The results indicate that disturbed salivary secretion could be revealed in patients with filiform atrophy and those with hairy tongue. The hormonal imbalance might be a factor in the etiology of filiform atrophy and geographic tongue. No significant difference between the sialochemistry of patients with fissured tongue and controls was found.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Clinical and radiographic study of pulpectomy and root canal therapy.

A clinical and radiographic reexamination of 2,459 roots 2-7 years after initial pulpectomy or root canal therapy is presented. The overall success rate, which was 53%, was not affected by the sex or age of the patient, or by the jaw in which the tooth was situated. The tooth group, however, had a significant influence on the success rate, the worst results being obtained for incisors and especially the mandibular central and maxillary lateral incisors. The prognosis was clearly better for the pulpectomies than for the root canal therapy. Mortal pulpectomy was found to succeed more often than vital. The presence of a primary periapical rarefaction worsened the success rate. The success rate was lower for the teeth in which a posttreatment prosthetic crown had been fitted. Fillings which went beyond the apex had a significantly lower success rate than those which nearly or exactly reached the apex.

Adolescent↗