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Biomedical subjects

R L Ailinger

Publications and source records attributed to R L Ailinger.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

International nursing faculty exchange model: a Chile-USA case.

International faculty-exchange programmes can be cost-effective methods for faculty development and enhanced student learning. Despite the increasing interest in international nursing exchanges, the literature on faculty exchanges is limited. This article examines a case study of a successful international nursing faculty-exchange programme between a university in Chile and one in the United States of America (USA), based on a model for international faculty exchange. The model includes the components of pre-exchange planning, academic activities, socio-cultural events and evaluation of outcomes. Communication is at the centre of the model and ideally should be continuous, bilateral, flexible and technological. Examples from the case study illustrate teaching strategies and ongoing education of faculty. The article concludes with suggestions for successful international nursing faculty exchanges.

Acculturation↗
PubMed2000

Nurse practitioner students in Nicaragua.

Despite the growing interest in enhancing the cultural awareness for nurse practitioner (NP) students who work with patients from the developing world, there is a dearth of reports on such experiences. This report describes the clinical experiences of NP students from George Mason University (Fairfax, VA) during an intensive 2 weeks in Nicaragua in their final semester, accompanied by an NP faculty member. The program was planned and implemented in collaboration with the Universidad Politecnica de Nicaragua School of Nursing (Managua, Nicaragua). The students' clinical experiences included working in a Health Post and an impoverished community. Students learned to manage clinical problems using minimal resources and acquired an appreciation for the cultural, political, and economic situations from which many of their patients in the United States originate. Recommendations for establishing this type of experience are included.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1998

Women's knowledge of osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis affects one in four women over the age of 65 and is a major cause of hip fractures that place women in nursing homes. In this study of 247 women, their knowledge of osteoporosis was assessed with the Facts on Osteoporosis Quiz. The instrument measured their responses to questions about self-care practices related to risk factors and preventive behavior associated with osteoporosis. Respondents came from occupational and primary health care settings and a health fair. The women ranged in age from 22 to 84 years. Findings indicated that the majority of women had inadequate knowledge of osteoporosis risk factors and preventive behavior.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Adherence to tuberculosis preventive therapy among Latino immigrants.

Tuberculosis infects someone in the world every second. Although TB is preventable and curable, it has resurfaced as a significant health problem in the U.S., particularly among Latino immigrant groups. In this study of 65 Latino immigrants primarily from Central America, we examined adherence to appointments and medication taking during the six months of preventive therapy for latent TB infection. Findings indicated that the Latinos' adherence to appointment keeping ranged from 81% on the first visit to 59% by the sixth monthly visit. Similarly, medication adherence dropped from 89% in the first month to 64% at six months. Demographic factors, self-assessment of health, other support and presence of side effects were examined in the analysis. Implications for public health nursing are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Using national data sets on CD-ROM to teach nursing research.

PURPOSE: To explore the use of national data sets on CD-ROM for teaching graduate nursing research. SIGNIFICANCE: Secondary data analysis of national health data sets is economical and provides a useful experience for students learning research. SCOPE: The advantages and disadvantages of using national health data sets on CD-ROM are described. Students in three majors in nursing worked in groups to address research questions that could be answered using variables in the National Health Interview Survey. Several computer laboratory sessions were held to teach students how to extract the data and apply SPSS to analyze data. FINDINGS: The pilot program was a success, but not without problems. Ten steps to ensure better attainment of objectives were formulated. CONCLUSIONS: National data sets on CD-ROM are an inexpensive, rich data source that allow flexibility for students and faculty. Secondary data analysis using national health data sets is an underused approach in nursing. Graduate students can have a significant research experience while curbing the costs-to organizations and themselves-associated with primary data collection.

CD-ROM↗
PubMed1995

Health concept of older Hispanic immigrants.

The purpose of this study was to explore the health concept of older Hispanic immigrants. In tape-recorded home interviews, 54 respondents were asked to define health, describe the characteristics of a healthy older person, identify what contributes to good health, and report what they did to maintain their health. Responses were transcribed and then analyzed qualitatively for categories and themes. Based on the findings, a concept of health evolved that included six major themes: integrating physical, emotional, and spiritual aspects; possessing mental health; feeling well; enjoying independence; practicing self-care; and orienting toward family. These themes will be useful to nurses in planning and implementing health services for similar older Hispanic immigrants.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1993

Self-care agency in persons with rheumatoid arthritis.

Using a framework based on Orem's self-care deficit theory, five hypotheses related to conditioning factors in self-care agency were tested. The study sample consisted of 60 outpatients with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis in a large research hospital. Patients completed the Exercise of Self-Care Agency instrument and the Health Assessment Questionnaire; a physician rated their arthritis severity. Twenty percent of subjects had high scores on self-care agency, 63% had average scores, and 16% had low scores. The conditioning factor of age was not related to self-care agency. However, education and the duration of illness were related to self-care agency in this group of persons with rheumatoid arthritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Home health service utilization by Hispanic elderly immigrants: a longitudinal study.

Based on a longitudinal study of Hispanic elderly immigrants, factors associated with use of home health services (HHS) were examined. Interviews were conducted in a community study of 156 Hispanic elderly immigrants in 1983 and again in 1988 with 76 survivors using the Older Americans Resources and Services (OARS) questionnaire. Predisposing and illness level factors were significantly related to the use of HHS, however, enabling factors were not significant. A discriminant analysis indicated that a set of variables (gender, age, physical health, mental health, ADL function and Self Assessed Health) accounted for 54% of the variance. The strongest discriminators in use of home health services were age, ADL function and Self Assessed Health.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Self-assessed health of Hispanic elderly persons.

The relationships between self-assessed health and physical and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scores were examined for 152 noninstitutionalized Hispanic elderly persons in the community. Self-assessed health was not related to either physical or instrumental activities, but was related to education. There were significant differences between men and women when the three measures were analyzed. Cultural explanations are offered for the findings of this study and the implications of these findings for community health nursing are discussed.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An examination of the self-care needs of clients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Investigators used Orem's self-care deficit theory to guide their examination of the needs of clients with rheumatoid arthritis. Several research questions, which were guided by the proposition that universal self-care requisites are influenced by a person's age, gender, and health state, were addressed. Interviews with 59 clients with rheumatoid arthritis were tape recorded, and transcripts of the interviews were analyzed by two experts using assigned codes of universal self-care requisites (USCRs). The most frequently reported USCRs for these clients with rheumatoid arthritis were the maintenance of a balance between activity and rest (83%), the promotion of normalcy (66%), and prevention of hazards (58%). Clients' health state and age, but not their gender, affected USCRs. The clinical and theoretical implications of the findings are described in light of clients' rehabilitation.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A study of illness referral in a Spanish-speaking community.

In an anthropologic study of illness referral among Latin-American immigrants three phases were ascertained: First, there was extended use of self-treatment. Second, referrals were made to the social network, particularly to people from the same country of origin. Finally, referrals to the professional network were made to professionals with the same cultural heritage. Latin-American immigrant families living in a cooperative were studied over a 14-month period, utilizing the method of participant observation, a family health calendar, and interviews. This report focuses on the results of the family health calendar. Most illnesses reported by families did not go beyond self-treatment. Cultural influences including language, social network, priorities of daily living were related to the alternatives selected by families when illness incidents occurred.

Disease↗