Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R L Gillespie.
Systemic embolisation is common in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Microembolisation as a presenting sign of dilated cardiomyopathy, however, has not been reported before. A 37 year old woman in whom dilated cardiomyopathy presented as arterial microembolisation to the toes is described.
The mode of sensory integration of differentiated perceptions of exertion from the legs and chest was determined during sub-maximal cycle ergometer exercise. 50 male subjects performed three separate cycle ergometer tests. Power output was held constant at 840 kpm/min., while pedalling rate was randomly set at 40, 60, or 80 rpm. The over-all rating of perceived exertion was significantly lower than the rating for the legs and higher than that for the chest at each pedalling rate. Local signals from the legs dominated the sensory process. Central signals were less pronounced. The mean of the ratings for the legs and chest was slightly but significantly higher than the over-all rating at each pedalling rate. Therefore, the integration process at the superordinate level of sensory processing appeared as a weighted average of the involved regional signals.
Differentiated ratings of perceived exertion in the legs and chest were compared to local and central physiological adjustments during submaximal cycle ergometer exercise. 50 male subjects performed three separate cycle ergometer tests. Power output was held constant at 840 kpm/min., while pedalling rate was randomly set at 40, 60, or 80 rpm. Differentiated reports of exertion from the legs were considered to be local signals and reports from the chest to be central signals. Ratings of exertion for the legs, chest and over-all body were each significantly higher at 40 rpm than 60 or 80 rpm. Heart rate, oxygen uptake, ventilation and respiratory rate were also higher at 40 rpm. Lactic acid, pH, and pCO2 were similar between pedalling rates. Lactic acid did not operate differentially to influence local perceptual signals from the legs. Central measures of respiratory and aerobic metabolic adjustments were consistent with the more intense regional report of chest exertion at 40 rpm.
Perceived exertion responses were compared between field-independent and field-dependent perceivers at three cycle-ergometer pedalling rates. 50 male subjects were classified according to mode of field approach on the basis of their performance on an embedded-figures test. Power output was held constant at 840 kpm/min., while pedalling rate was randomly set at 40, 60, or 80 rpm. Significant differences between the field-independent and -dependent groups were not found at the three pedalling rates for any of the physiological variables or for over-all, legs and chest ratings of perceived exertion. The extent of differentiated psychological functioning did not account for individual differences in perceptual reactance during muscular exertion.
Perceptual augmentation and reduction were considered contrasting styles of Stimulus Intensity Modulation. Differences in perceived exertion between augmenters and reducers were determined for three cycle ergometer work loads. Subjects were 20 males having similar physiological characteristics. Stimulus Intensity Modulation was determined by kinesthetic figural aftereffect. Augmenters rated their perceptions of physical exertion to be more intense than reducers at 450, 750 and 1050 kpm/min. Differences in physiological responses between augmenters and reducers were not significant at the three work loads. Style of Stimulus Intensity Modulation appeared differentially to influence perceived exertion at the work levels studied.
The influence of pretest hand-resting time and induction time on kinesthetic aftereffect was determined for 22 males and females. Aftereffect was assessed with the apparatus of Koehler and Dinnerstein (1947). Three separate tests of aftereffect were administered. Each was preceded by either a 10-, 20-, or 30-min. hand-resting period. Significant differences in aftereffect were not found between pretest conditions. Scores were also determined for varying induction times at each pretest condition. Induction periods totaling 90-, 180-, and 300-sec. were used. Aftereffect was significantly less pronounced following 90 than 180 sec. of induction for the 10-and 20-min. pretest conditions but was the same following 90, 180, and 300 sec. of induction for the 30-min. condition. Results indicated that less than 300 sec. of induction could be used regardless of the duration of the pretest period. However, because the internal validity of the 180-sec. score was significantly better than the 90-sec. score, it was concluded that at least 180 sec. of induction were needed.