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Biomedical subjects

R L Levenson

Publications and source records attributed to R L Levenson.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Cognitive assessment of human immunodeficiency virus-exposed children.

OBJECTIVE: To determine (1) the level of impairment in cognitive and motor functioning in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed and HIV-infected preschool and school-age children; (2) cognitive strengths and weaknesses that characterize HIV-infected children; and (3) potential contributions of serostatus, neurologic impairment, and prenatal drug-exposure to cognitive functioning. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, single-blind study. SETTING: Pediatric neurology clinic at a large metropolitan hospital in New York, NY. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-one HIV-infected and eight seroreverter school-age children. INTERVENTIONS: The McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities were administered to all children, as was the Neurologic Examination for Children. MEASUREMENTS/MAIN RESULTS: The obtained mean of the sample on the McCarthy Scales' General Cognitive Index was in the Borderline range, with 44% of the subjects scoring in the Mentally Retarded range. The most severe cognitive deficits were found on the Quantitative, Verbal, and Memory scales (Borderline range). Children infected with HIV with neurologic impairment performed significantly worse than did seroverters and neurologically normal HIV-infected children. There were no significant differences in cognitive functioning due to gender, ethnicity, and prenatal drug exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive deficits were detected in HIV-infected and seroreverted children. The presence of neurologic dysfunction in HIV-infected children markedly intensified these deficits.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Equivalence of Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test--Revised, forms L and M for children with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

The purpose of this preliminary investigation was to assess the equivalence of Forms L and M of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test--Revised for a sample of 15 Hispanic and 12 black children diagnosed as having Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The children (15 boys, 12 girls) were administered PPVT-R Forms L and M in counterbalanced order and in immediate succession. The coefficient of equivalence, r, was .77 and significant. Influential factors, such as the behavioral manifestations of AIDS, are discussed. Limitations of the study are included. Research should focus on the long- and short-term stability of the test for these children as they are evaluated repetitively.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗
PubMed1988

Stability of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test--revised for emotionally handicapped middle-school-age children.

In this pilot study, 20 middle-school-age children classified as emotionally handicapped were administered Forms L and M of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test--Revised in test-retest fashion. Pearson correlations for Form L were .90, for Form M, .69, and these dependent correlations were significantly different from each other. As triennial school psychological evaluations typically contain tests which have been administered previously, e.g., WISC-R, WRAT-R, we suggest that psychologists use caution when using Form M to test or retest the receptive vocabulary of emotionally handicapped or disturbed middle-school-age children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Assessment of cognitive deficiency with the McCarthy Scales and Stanford-Binet: a correlational analysis.

The present study tested matched samples of 15 retarded and 15 normal children on the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities. Pearson correlations between Stanford-Binet IQs and the six McCarthy Scale Indexes for retarded subjects were lower than coefficients obtained from the normal subjects and from previous research. While the General Cognitive Index may be interchangeable with IQ in the Normal range of intellectual functioning, this relationship was not found for the retarded subjects in the present study. The "venerable" Stanford-Binet retains its position as the most broadly applicable measure of intellectual functioning. Implications of the study as well as an outline for future research were included.

Child↗