Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R L Turner.
The relationship between sex-typing (androgynous vs traditional) and differences in fantasies of 19 men and 37 women was investigated. They completed May's test as a measure of fantasy pattern and the Bem Sex-role Inventory to ascertain sex-type. Analysis indicated that, while fantasy patterns were related to gender as expected from May's work, they were not related to sex-typing.
The sequence of 380 nucleotides upstream of the start codon of the open reading frame (ORF) of the coat protein of the carlavirus Helenium virus (HelVS) was determined from cloned cDNA. This portion of the viral RNA contained one complete ORF encoding a protein of 7 K which had homology with similar sized proteins from other members of the carla- and potexvirus groups. Sequence data was also obtained beyond the start codon of the 7 K ORF into what was presumed to be the 12 K protein gene of the previously identified triple gene block of carla- and potexviruses. Significant sequence similarity of 46.3% and 41.6% was evident at the amino acid level with the equivalent regions of the 12 K proteins of potato virus S, Andean strain (PVSA) and potato virus M (PVM), respectively, with 25.4% similarity detected with the equivalent region of potato virus X (PVX).
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Comprehensive pharmacokinetic studies could realise a greater potential for the antitumour agent triethylenethiophosphoramide (ThioTEPA), and these would be aided by the development of a selective and sensitive assay. After extraction of ThioTEPA and its metabolite, triethylenephosphoramide (TEPA), from plasma using Sep-Pak C18 cartridges, the compounds were separated by capillary chromatography, detected using a nitrogen detector and quantified by reference to an internal standard, hexaethylphosphoramide. The limits of sensitivity were 1-5 ng/ml. Analytical recoveries were 74 and 95%, for TEPA and ThioTEPA, respectively, in the therapeutic range. At similar concentrations, extents of protein binding, determined by ultrafiltration, were not significant. Preliminary investigations of the elimination of ThioTEPA show that drug loss occurs more quickly in mice than in humans and in both species the metabolite is extensively recycled.
Long-term results are described in a group of 119 patients treated by a combination of methotrexate, vinca alkaloids and bleomycin and observed over a period of seven years. Details are given of the chemotherapy used, together with modifications designed to reduce its toxicity. There was an overall objective response in 48% of the patients and this was site dependent with cancer of the head and neck faring best (68%). Overall survival was 8% at two years and was better in patients showing an objective response and also in those whose performance status was improved by treatment. Previous radiotherapy did not appear to affect response adversely. Further studies are proposed with the addition of a cycle specific agent to a modification of the schedule used.
Estracyt, a conjugate of an alkylating agent with an oestrogenic sterol, was given in a dose of 420 mg daily to a group of 44 postmenopausal patients with very advanced breast carcinoma. Thirty-eight of these were in relapse following chemotherapy and 32 had evidence of distant metastases. Seventeen patients had an objective response and marked or complete alleviation of symptoms, four others had a useful symptomatic response but no beneficial effect was observed in the remainder. Three who had shown no response to previous oestrogen therapy also failed to respond to Estracyt as did all nine patients with hepatic metastases. Oestrogen receptor status and age within the postmenopausal group seemed to have no bearing on the result. Side-effects were minimal with nausea in 18 patients but in only two did this necessitate withdrawal of the drug. Bone marrow depression did not occur. Changes in acute-phase reactant proteins suggested that part of the Estracyt was de-esterified in the liver liberating oestrone but the low incidence of vaginal haemorrhage and the recalcification of bony metastases suggested that on the whole Estracyt behaves as an anti-oestrogen as well as an antimitotic.
Acute cholecystitis is a rare complication of systemic brucellosis. This report details the occurrence of acute noncalculous cholecystitis in which Brucella suis was cultured from both the blood and the gallbladder. A discussion of the various diagnostic tests and the recommended therapy for brucellosis is included.
The outcome in 254 patients with all stages of breast cancer treated by combination chemotherapy is presented. All the patients were treated 10 or more years ago. The 10-year survival rate for Stages I and II combined is 60 per cent, in Stage III 19 per cent and in Stage IV 3 per cent. The combined rate in Stages I and II differed markedly according to hormonal status. In premenopausal patients the rate was 84 per cent compared with 42 per cent in postmenopausal patients.
A mica adsorption technique was used to prepare fibrinogen and early fibrin polymers for examination in the transmission electron microscope. Globular particles 10 +/- 3 nm in diameter were observed and a model for the process of aggregation of these globules into fibrous units is proposed. A comparison is made between the results obtained by the mica adsorption technique and those obtained by conventional preparation techniques involving fixation and staining.
Fifty two cases of squamous cell carcinoma were studied using indium-111 labelled Bleomycin. The overall accuracy of localization by static imaging alone was 80%. Detection of lung and gynaecological tumours was most consistent, while oesophageal tumours were the most commonly missed. Imaging within a few hours of administration of the radiopharmaceutical was found to be as effective as imaging at the recommended time of at least 24 hours. Inflammatory lesions giving false positive scans could be differentiated from tumour tissue by the technique of dynamic imaging. Maximum activity occurred in tumour tissue on average ten minutes after the peak for normal tissue. This difference was used to improve the detection of known tumours to 90%.
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Fibrinolysis in cyanotic and acyanotic children has been studied before and after open intracardiac operations. Preoperatively, shorter lysis times were found in the cyanotic group. Lysis times in individual patients varied at different times before operation. Precise documentation of the timing of fibrinolysis determinations is necessary. The lysis times appear to be affected by variables such as fasting, stress, and anesthesia in addition to perfusion. Postoperatively there was no excessive fibrinolysis in either the cyanotic or acyanotic group, the groups showing no differences. No significant alterations in plasma fibrinogen were present before or after perfusion with the pediatric Bentley Temptrol system.
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