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Biomedical subjects

R Laurini

Publications and source records attributed to R Laurini.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Diagnosis and follow-up of neuroblastoma by means of iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy and bone scan, and the influence of histology.

The purpose of this work was to compare technetium-99m-diphosphono-propanedicarboxylate (DPD) and iodine-123-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scans in the diagnosis and follow-up of neuroblastoma, and to study the role of histological differentiation in the uptake of MIBG. The uptake of MIBG and of DPD were studied retrospectively in 27 patients with neuroblastoma (primary, residual and recurrent tumours as well as bone and bone marrow metastases). The findings were related to the histological classification of the tumours as neuroblastoma (N1), differentiating neuroblastoma (N2) or ganglioneuroblastoma (N3). Uptake of MIBG by the primary tumour occurred in 17 of 19 patients, either at diagnosis or during follow-up. There were only two false-negatives with MIBG, both of which were N3. Ten patients were studied preoperatively with both MIBG and DPD. The primary tumour showed MIBG uptake in nine of the ten and DPD uptake in eight of them. Thirty-five sites of cortical bone metastasis were shown in eight patients by both MIBG and DPD, 12 sites in seven patients by MIBG only and seven sites in five patients by DPD only. In 14 patients both MIBG and bone scan were negative. Overall, MIBG demonstrated more lesions than DPD. Retrospectively several hot spots seen only with the bone scan are to be considered as false-positive. The highest incidence of false-negative MIBG and bone scans was observed in ganglioneuroblastoma with a predominance of the more mature component (ganglioneuroma).

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1995

Imaging of cervico-thoracic lymphangiomas in children.

This study was undertaken to define the role of ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the diagnosis and preoperative staging of cervico-thoracic lymphangiomas in children. In a retrospective study, 11 patients with surgically and pathologically proved lymphangiomas had MR imaging and 6 of them underwent simultaneous US. US showed superficial hypoechogenic multioccular cystic masses with septa of variable thickness, but failed to demonstrate retropharyngeal, axillary or mediastinal extensions in all patients. All lesions were identified on both MR T1-weighted images (T1WI) and T2-weighted images (T2WI). T2WI provided the best tissue contrast between the lymphangiomas and surrounding tissues. T1WI after i.v. injection of gadolinium DOTA (Gd DOTA) in two patients provided additional information regarding the extent of the lesion. The authors concluded that although lymphangiomas have a distinctive sonographic appearance, MR imaging allowed a better tissue characterisation and tumour extent. T2WI and T1WI after i.v. injection of Gd DOTA are especially helpful for the diagnosis and preoperative staging of cervico-thoracic lymphangiomas in children.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1992

Doppler blood flow changes and placental morphology in pregnancies with third trimester hemorrhage.

Combined real-time ultrasound and pulsed Doppler ultrasound examinations were performed in 67 patients with third trimester hemorrhage and other symptoms related to placental abruption, starting from the onset of symptoms to delivery. In 52 of the cases, placental morphology was investigated by light microscopy. Thirteen patients were ultimately given the diagnosis abruptio placentae. None of the morphological placental changes considered had any statistical relationship to placental abruption. Patients with placental centrocotyledon hemorrhages and infarction more often had abnormal umbilical artery flow velocity waveforms at the onset of symptoms, and more frequent abnormal arcuate artery flow velocity waveforms were found among those with placental infarction alone. Abnormal flow velocity waveforms in the umbilical and arcuate arteries were associated with placental abruption, both at the onset of symptoms and at the final examination before delivery. The results indicate an increased risk for placental abruption if the arcuate and/or umbilical artery flow velocity waveforms are abnormal in patients with third trimester hemorrhage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Infected teratoma of lower posterior mediastinum in a six-year-old boy.

A six-year old boy presented with prolonged unexplained fever caused by an infected teratoma of the lower posterior mediastinum. Modern imaging, combining ultrasonography with computed tomography, enabled the correct diagnosis of topography, extension and nature of this rare lesion to be made and explained the clinical features. Follow-up CT showed regression of the abscess after antibiotics thus permitting elective surgery.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Imaging of neonatal arterial thrombosis.

The case of a neonate who presented with symptoms of upper limb ischemia related to spontaneous multiple arterial and venous thromboses that were demonstrated by colour Doppler sonography and digital subtracted angiography is reported. The presentation of limb ischaemia at birth may be the warning sign of simultaneous cerebral infarction.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction↗
PubMed1989

[Menkes disease. Report of a case with pronounced involvement of connective tissues and changes in epidermal desmosomes].

The authors describe a patient who presented from birth on a severe involvement of connective tissues with pathological fractures, lack of auricular cartilage, hyperlaxity of fingers and cutis laxa with deep folds, all suggestive of derangements of collagen and elastin. Hypothermia at 24 hours of age should have already indicated the possibility of Menkes' syndrome. From the 3rd month on, the patient presents a neurological deterioration and a myoclonic epilepsy which is resistant to treatment. Craniocerebral tomodensitometry revealed, with time, a cerebral atrophy and subdural hematomas. Angiodysplasia of a coronary artery was seen at cardiac echocardiography. Undetectable levels of serum copper and ceruloplasmin, and an increased uptake of copper by fibroblasts in vitro confirmed the diagnosis of Menkes' syndrome. Electron microscopy of a skin biopsy disclosed a desmosomal anomaly in the epidermis. Desmosomes stay apart suggesting an alteration of the interdesmosomal cement.

Brain↗
PubMed1986

Perinatal mortality in a Swedish county 1973-1978. Time trends revealed by perinatal audit.

The decline in perinatal mortality in a Swedish county during a six year period is examined and analyzed by use of perinatal audit. The decline coincided with an increased rate of in utero transfers of infants, particularly those with low birth weights, to the specialized county hospital. The perinatal audit revealed that the proportion of deaths which were classified as potentially avoidable, decreased significantly over the study period.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1976

Double-tracer scintigraphy with 67Ga-citrate and 99mTc-sulfur colloid in the diagnosis of hepatic tumors.

A method of liver scanning based on a subtraction technique with simultaneous use of two tracers, 67Ga-citrate and 99mTc-sulfur colloid, is described. The subtraction technique isolates radiogallium uptake by the space-occupying hepatic lesions by subtracting interference due to tracer uptake by healthy hepatic tissue. In 82 patients, the method yielded a correct result in 94.7% of the positive scans and in 97.7% of the negatives. Two false positives and one false negative occurred. Very poor results were obtained in the same patients using conventional technetium and gallium scans: only 20.7% of these interpretations were correct. The method proved very helpful in differentiating malignant from benign lesions.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1975

Inverted follicular keratosis.

Attention is drawn to a benign skin tumour which has escaped recognition in the British lieterautre. Inverted folliculr keratosis can be mistaken clinically for basal cell carcinoma and a variety of benign skin lesions. Pathologically it is easliy confused with squamous carcinoma, a serious error because this lesion occurs dominantly on the face. The lesion is thought to arise from the infundibulum of hair follicte.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Abnormal karyotype in the chorion, not confirmed in a subsequently aborted fetus.

An abnormal fetal karyotype, containing a del 16(q21-qter) as an extra chromosome, was diagnosed in all 14 metaphases examined in a sample of chorionic villous biopsy material. After elective abortion a mosaicism for this cell-line together with a normal one was detected in the chorionic tissue. Fibroblast cultures from several fetal skin biopsies all revealed a normal karyotype.

Abortion, Eugenic↗