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Biomedical subjects

R Lenner

Publications and source records attributed to R Lenner.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Recurrent pulmonary sarcoidosis in HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy.

HIV infection and sarcoidosis occur in the same age group, but there are only a few reports of the coexistence of the two disorders in the same individual. This infrequent occurrence has been attributed to the paucity of functioning CD4(+) lymphocytes required for granuloma formation in patients with HIV infection. We report two patients with a history of remote sarcoidosis who later in life contracted HIV infection and developed recurrent, progressive pulmonary sarcoidosis while receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Progressive pulmonary sarcoidosis should be added to the differential diagnosis in patients receiving HAART for HIV infection who develop diffuse lung disease with recovery of CD4(+) lymphocyte population.

Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active↗
PubMed2001

Pulmonary complications in cardiac transplant recipients.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of pulmonary complications in heart transplant recipients has not been extensively studied. We report pulmonary complications in 159 consecutive adult orthotopic heart transplantations (OHTs) performed in 157 patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective review of medical records. RESULTS: Forty-seven of 159 recipients (29.9%) had 81 pulmonary complications. Pneumonia was the most common (n = 27), followed by bronchitis (n = 15), pleural effusion (n = 10), pneumothorax (n = 7), prolonged respiratory failure requiring tracheotomy (n = 7), and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (n = 6). All patients with late-onset (> 6 months after transplantation) community-acquired bacterial pneumonia presented with fever, cough, and a new lobar consolidation on the chest radiograph, and responded promptly to empiric antibiotics without undergoing an invasive diagnostic procedure. In contrast, early-onset nosocomial bacterial pneumonias carried a 33.3% mortality rate. A positive tuberculin skin test result was associated with a significantly higher rate of pulmonary complications (62.5% vs 26.8%, p = 0.007). Lung cancer and posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) developed exclusively in 6 of the 61 patients (8.1%) who received induction immunosuppression with murine monoclonal antibody (OKT3). CONCLUSION: Pulmonary complications are common following heart transplantation, occurring in 29.9% of recipients, and are attributed to pneumonia of primarily bacterial origin in one half of cases. Late-onset community-acquired pneumonia carried an excellent prognosis following empiric antibiotic therapy, suggesting that in the appropriate clinical setting invasive diagnostic procedures are unnecessary. Analogous to reports in other solid-organ transplant recipients, induction therapy with OKT3 was associated with an increased incidence of lung cancer and PTLD. Overall, the development of pulmonary complications after OHT has prognostic significance given the higher mortality in this subset of patients.

Bronchitis↗
PubMed1999

Metachronous cancers or late recurrences after resection of stage I lung cancer.

In 2 patients with stage I lung cancer, tumors recurred at their resection lines 10 years after the original surgical resections. These cases suggest that the prognosis of late cancer occurrences after resected primary lung malignancies might be related to the interval of time between primary and subsequent cancers rather than to their categorization as recurrent or metachronous cancers.

Adenocarcinoma↗