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Biomedical subjects

R Leonards

Publications and source records attributed to R Leonards.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Behçet syndrome.

Behcet syndrome, a multisystem disorder characterized by ocular, mucocutaneous, articular, vascular, gastrointestinal, and neurologic abnormalities, is described in six pediatric patients. The patients ranged in age from 2 months to 11 years at time of onset. Several years were usually required before additional manifestations of the disease occurred. Aphthous ulceration was present in all six patients, arthritis in three, erythema nodosum in four, sterile cellulitis in three, gastrointestinal manifestations in five, neurologic manifestations in two, and genital or perianal ulcerations in three; ocular involvement was present in only one. There were no diagnostic laboratory studies, and, as in the adult population, no cause for Behçet syndrome was found. Patients had a variable response to corticosteroid therapy. Two patients who had significant morbidity and who responded poorly to corticosteroid therapy also received chlorambucil therapy, which appeared to provide improved control of signs and symptoms. Based on the prolonged interval between onset and the appearance of complete manifestations, Behcet syndrome may be more common in children than previously reported.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1976

The bone scan in inflammatory osseous disease.

The 99mTc-phosphate bone scan has become a sensitive, reliable, and safe method for evaluating the patient with suspected inflammatory disease of bone. The scan may become positive as early as the first 24 hr after the symptoms and 10-14 days before roentgenographic changes occur. It can be used to differentiate successfully a variety of diseases from osteomyelitis, and in conjunction with 67Ga-citrate scan has become a mainstay in the work-up of the patient with infectious disease. Applications of the bone scan to infectious diseases in pediatric practice are especially helpful, since these diseases are common problems in this age group. Increased experience with the 99mTc-phosphate bone scan has already defined several areas of "limitations" in evaluating inflammatory disease. "Cold" defects, negative scans in early stages of osteomyelitis, and "extended uptake" may all pose problems in interpretation, but careful correlation of the bone scan results with clinical history and physical findings, blood cultures, and roentgenography will significantly reduce these problems.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Gas-liquid chromatographic profile of neutral and acidic metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid from newborns and infants.

A profile (chromatographic pattern) of the neutral and acidic metabolites present in cerebrospinal fluid from newborns and infants was obtained by gas-liquid chromatography. The metabolites are those extracted with ethyl acetate and diethyl ether. They are converted to trimethylsilyl ether derivatives, and chromatographed on a column containing 5% silicone OV-101 (methyl) packed on Chromosorb W. Several substances were tentatively identified from their methylene unit values. We established a control profile for infants, and compared profiles for infants and adults. Noteworthy qualitative and quantitative differences from the control were seen for cerebrospinal fluid from subjects with neurological disorders of infections. The technique may be of use in neurological diagnosis.

Carboxylic Acids↗
PubMed1975

Wound infection by Prototheca wickerhamii, a saprophytic alga pathogenic for man.

Biopsy of a wound infection of the palmar fascia in a young diabetic woman revealed characteristic periodic acid-Schiff-positive Prototheca species cells with a rosette configuration and internal septation. Prototheca wickerhamii was cultured repeatedly from the wound drainage and the biopsy tissue. Several diagnostic features distinguishing Prototheca species, saprophytic algae, from yeasts are: the formation of endospores by mitosis; greater variation in cell size (2 to 15 mum); the presence of cytoplasmic granules, particularly in old cultures; and the absence of budding forms and pseudomycelia. The organism was resistant to 5-fluorocytosine and the minimal inhibitory concentration of amphotericin B was 12.5 mug/ml. With the exception of the tetracycline group, all other 16 antibacterial agents tested appeared completely ineffective in vitro. A synergism between amphotericin B and tetracycline was clearly demonstrated by the use of the checkerboard method. Infection by Prototheca species may be more common than presently realized due to the common expedient of identifying yeast-like isolates as "yeast--not Candida albicans."

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Incontinentia pigmenti and defective neutrophil chemotaxis.

A child with incontinentia pigmenti and chronic erythema multiforme had recurrent bacterial infections. Greatly elevated serum IgE was found. In addition, the patient's neutrophils showed essentially no chemotaxis toward Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa in either patient or control serum. Neutrophil phagocytosis and killing function were normal.

Adult↗