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Biomedical subjects

R Lewander

Publications and source records attributed to R Lewander.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Clinical trial of a new antigonadotropic substance, 2,6-cis-diphenylhexamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, in cancer of the prostate. A pilot study.

An organic siloxane compound, 2,6-cis-diphenylhexamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, (Cisobitan) has been shown to possess antigonadotropic properties. In this study it has been tried in prostatic cancer. 9 patients received the drug in the dose of 4-5 mg/kg body weight. General condition and subjective response, cytologic changes and semiquantitative scintigraphic changes of metastases were recorded, as well as common laboratory data. In this limited trial, Cisobitan was not adequate for tumour palliation. In a few instances subsequent oestrogen treatment was more effective. No side effects of Cisobitan were noted for periods up to 6 months. Further studies may be of value, perhaps using a higher dose.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Double-blind dose-response study of indomethacin in rheumatoid arthritis.

Indomethacin 0, 15, 25 and 35 mg t.i.d. was given in randomized order for two weeks to eight outpatients with rheumatoid arthritis in a double-blind study. At the end of each treatment period the clinical response was evaluated by subjective and objective methods and the plasma indomethacin concentration was measured by GLC-mass fragmentography. Compared with non-treatment periods, indomethacin had a statistically significant therapeutic effect as judged by global assessment, duration of morning stiffness, use of escape analgesia, articular index and pain score, but there was no relation between the clinical effect and the size of the dose or the plasma concentration of the drug. Technetium uptake over the affected joints did not change during indomethacin therapy, which might reflect a lack of effect on the local activity of the disease. Lower doses than those currently prescribed are probably sufficient to alleviate symptoms in this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of uteroplacental blood flow in normal and in intrauterine growth-retarded pregnancy. Measurements with Indium-113m and a computer-linked gammacamera.

Uteroplacental blood flow was studied with a noninvasive method using indium-113m and a computer-linked gammacamera. The blood flow was determined from the ratio of the maximum and the rise time of the isotope accumulation curve of the placenta. Eight pregnancies with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) were compared with 11 normal pregnancies. In the IUGR group the mean placental blood flow was only 1/4 of corresponding mean values of the normal group. The difference was highly significant (p less than 0.01).

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1979

Scintigraphy of induced myocardial infarcts with 99Tcm-gluconate.

A new isotope compound, 99Tcm-gluconate, for detection of myocardial infarction has been tested in dogs. A close correlation was found between the isotope uptake measured in vivo with a gamma camera and the infarct weight of early irreversible myocardial infarcts.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Contrast enhancement with time in gliomas. Stereotactic computer tomography following contrast medium infusion.

Dynamic enhancement of astrocytomas has been investigated with CT following infusion of contrast medium. The areas of measurement corresponded with obtained stereotactic biopsies. The resulting types of enhancement are discussed in terms of a 3-compartment model. Great differences exist in the degree of enhancement of astrocytomas of grade I to II and those of grade III to IV. In the latter tumours a dynamic response appears to occur, distinctly different from that in infarctions.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Stereotactic biopsies and computer tomography in gliomas.

This study was carried out in order to obtain data on the relation between tumour structures seen in computer tomograms and the corresponding histopathology and cytology. Nine consecutive patients were studied, and stereotactic biopsies were obtained from sites determined on contrast enhanced computer tomograms. Biopsies were obtained from tumour areas with high and low contrast uptake and from the low attenuating areas surrounding the tumours. The results indicated a close correlation between the microscopical morphology of gliomas and the pattern of the computer tomogram. Biopsy samples from low-uptake central areas contained tumour tissues, necrotic tissue, and in one case a cyst. Biopsies from high-uptake areas typically contained tumour tissue, whereas biopsies from low-uptake surrounding areas contained oedematous non-tumour tissue. For tumour diagnosis biopsies should be obtained from both low and high attenuating tumour areas.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Angiography and scintigraphy of human pancreatic allografts.

Serial graft angiographies and scintigraphies were obtained in 4 human pancreatic allograft recipients. Important information was obtained both of graft morphology and function. Graft rejection was accompanied by characteristic abnormalities, including arterial irregularities and prolonged contrast medium passage time. On scintigraphy, rejection was associated with reduced isotope uptake.

Angiography↗
PubMed1978

Contrast enhancement of cranial lesions in computed tomography.

The time course of enhancement in apparently normal brain tissue, edema and focal lesions during 30 to 60 min after intravenous injection of vascular contrast medium was evaluated in a series of 41 patients with different intracranial lesions. The attenuation of apparently normal unenhanced brain tissue varied with the level of the scan, mainly an effect of beam hardening. Different types of enhancement response are discussed in terms of a 3-compartment model. The differential diagnostic potential of contrast enhancement in the early phase needs further evaluation using instruments with short scanning time, while the late phase of enhancement must be recorded with the use of a reliable head fixation to provide reproducibility of repeat measurements.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Stereotactic computer tomography for biopsy of gliomas.

A technique is introduced enabling automatic transfer of coordinates obtained at computer tomography into a stereotactic system previously applied in biopsies of brain lesions. Four to five biopsies from different parts of gliomas were taken to compare the structures demonstrated on computer tomography with the microscopic appearances. Of 45 biopsies in 13 patients, 36 were predicted correctly. This also served as an attempt to classify gliomas on the basis of their appearance in the CT image.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Splenic injury due to indirect torsion.

A patient with subcapsular rupture of the spleen in association with indirect torsion trauma is reported. The spleen was surrounded by bands and adherent organs. The injury was considered to have been caused by a stretched band. In patients with hemoperitoneum, celiac angiography is advocated for diagnosis when immediate surgery is not indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The effect of beta-receptor-stimulating agents on the utero-placental blood flow.

The influence of salbutamol, a beta-2-receptor-stimulating agent, on the blood flow through the utero-placental unit was evaluated in the human. Serial placenta scintigrams were analysed quantitatively, after injection of 0.5 mCi Indium-113m, by means of a gamma-camera connected on line to a computer. The examinations were performed in the third trimester of pregnancy. No sedation was used. Uterine contractions were not present. Salbutamol caused an increase in activity over the placental region, corresponding to a 15% increase in blood volume. The rise time of the initial phase of isotope accumulation (calculated from 5 to 95% of final activity) was prolonged by 100% during salbutamol infusion. As the rise time is proportional to the volume/flow ratio of blood in the uteroplacental region, our data indicate that salbutamol infusion causes a decrease in blood flow in the absence of uterine contractions.

Albuterol↗
PubMed1976

Rejection of isolated pancreatic allografts in patients with with diabetes.

Four patients with diabetes mellitus of juvenile onset but without uremia have been treated with segmental transplantation of the body and tail of pancreas. The indications were hyperlabile diabetes or progressive loss of vision. The grafts were procured from cadaveric donors four to 16 minutes after circulary arrest and were subsequently stored in the cold for approximately four hours. In one patient, the pancreatic duct was ligated, while in the other three, drainage was attained by suturing the transected end of the pancreas into a jejunal Roux-en-Y loop. Three of the grafts failed within six weeks as a result of irreversible refection, and one graft failed because of the early onset of venous thrombosis. The first sign of graft rejection was an increase in the postprandial blood sugar level, an increase in the fasting blood sugar level occurring several days later. Neither hyperamylasemia nor fever was observed. Radioisotope scans and angiograms were of great value in establishing the diagnosis of graft rejection. All of the patients survived after graft removal.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

75Se-methionine uptake in the pancreas. An experimental investigation in mice.

Measurements of the uptake of 75Se-methionine in the abdominal visceral organs of mice indicate that amino acids (Aminosol) significantly increase the accumulation of the isotope in pancreas. Similarly, a beneficial effect if observed on the distribution of activity between pancreas and blood, while withdrawal of food adversely affects the uptake in the pancreas and gastro-intestinal tract.

Animals↗