PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Loddenkemper

Publications and source records attributed to R Loddenkemper.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Thoracoscopic and computer tomographic findings in pleural mesotheliomas].

The computer tomographic findings in fifteen patients with histologically confirmed malignant pleural mesotheliomas were analysed. The results were compared with the findings on thoracoscopy and on conventional radiography. On CT, the tumour was not obscured by pleural effusion and the differential diagnosis of masses in the chest wall becomes narrower. Signs of asbestos exposure can be recognised at an early stage. Once the diagnosis has been confirmed histologically, CT demonstrates the tumour clearly. Involvement of the pericardium and mediastinum can be diagnosed with considerable certainty and involvement of the pleura may be assumed if there is an effusion. CT is an advance in the diagnosis of these rare tumours; it aids in arriving at a prognosis and in formulating treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Exudative pleurisy in infectious mononucleosis (author's transl)].

Three cases of infectious mononucleosis with concomitant exudative pleurisy are reported. In two of the patients atypical lymphocytes were detected in the pleural punctate. The effusion was sterile in all three cases. Involvement of the pleura in the general lymphoproliferative process in infectious mononucleosis is discussed as a pathogenetic mechanism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Thoracoscopy: results in non cancerous and idiopathic pleural effusions.

Two hundred and fifty pleural effusions were studied prospectively comparing the results obtained simultaneously by investigation of the pleural fluid, blind needle biopsy of the pleura and thoracoscopy. Thoracoscopy was necessary in 50% of the cases for the diagnosis or the exclusion of a neoplastic or tuberculous etiology. The combined cytological and histological results of the pleural effusions and the needle biopsies established the diagnosis of malignancy in 74%. Tuberculosis was proven histologically in 52% by needle biopsy, in 62% when the cases were not included where only inadequate tissue was obtained. If the bacteriological results of tb-cultures including those of the pleural effusions are added, 74% of the tuberculous pleurisies were diagnosed. Thoracoscopy had a significantly higher yield with 97% in malignant and 99% in tuberculous effusions. The value of thoracoscopy in pleural effusions of other or of idiopathic origins has to be seen in the light of these results showing the probability with which a tumour or a tuberculosis can be excluded, 9% of the cases remained indeterminate (idiopathic).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[The mixing index in the argon breath holding test for the demonstration of pharmacologically induced airways reactions. A comparison with other methods (author's transl)].

In 42 patients with obstructive airways diseases the behavior of the mixing index (delta argon %/1 during phase III of the argon-volume diagram) was studied after beta2 stimulation or after provocation by acetylcholine. Changes in airways resistance resp. conductance (GAW), FEV1.0 and residual volume (RV) were also determined for comparison. In an inhomogeneous subgroup with obstructive airways disease of various aetiology the mixing index (MI) and FEV1.0 indicated changes in the airways system with about equal frequency. Distinct discrepancies between the two tests, observed in a few cases, suggest that the two methods register different pathophysiological reactions. These differences could be confirmed statistically in a more homogeneous subgroup with extrinsic bronchial asthma. A correlation could be established between MI and RV on the one hand and between FEV1.0 or GAW and RV on the other hand. The results indicate that the mixing index as a test of distribution of ventilation reflects mainly the reactions of the small airways. Its use offers the possibility of a more differentiated pharmacodynamic evaluation.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1978

[Preoperative ventilatory function tests as an aid in assessment of operative risk of prosthetic heart valve replacement (author's transl)].

The operative risk of prosthetic replacement of the mitral valve in 97 patients and of the aortic valve in 126 patients showed a good correlation with the decrease in preoperative pulmonary function (p less than 0,01). The overall mortality rate reached 12,4% respectively 13,4% during the first 28 days after surgery. Depending upon the stage of ventilatory impairment the mortality rate varied between 0 to 50% in the mitral group and between 6,5 to 50% in the aorti group. The impairment of respiratory function is caused by the disturbed hemodynamic function demonstrated by a negative correlation between pulmonary artery pressure and vital capacity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Ventilation measurings before, during and after treatment of tracheal stenosis due to long term intubation (author's transl)].

17 patients with post-intubation stenosis of the trachea were studied. By the extrathoracic stenosis the relative forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1,0) and in and expiratory flow were decreased, total airway resistance (Rt) was increased. After implantation of an endoprothesis the obstruction was significantly lowered (p less than 0,05). After removal of the tracheal endoprothesis further improvement occurred as was demonstrated by an increase in FEV1,0 an flow and by a decrease in Rt.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Ipratropium Bromide, an Anticholinergic Bronchodilator/Behavior of airways resistance in patients with reversible respiratory obstruction following inhalation of various doses of ipratropium bromide].

A dose- and time-response study using different doses of an inhaled derivative of atropine, (8r)-3alpha-hydroxy-8-isopropyl-1 aH, 5aH-tropaniumbromide-(+/-)-tropate (Sch 1000, ipratropium bromide, Atrovent) was performed in 12 patients with reversible chronic obstructuve airways disease. The drug was shown to be an effective bronchodilator with the typical action of reducing airways resistance with 2 puffs (0.02 mg per puff). Increasing the dose to 4 and 8 puffs did not produce any relevant difference in time response. The onset of action was rapid and reached a maximum between 30 and 60 min after inhalation. The duration of bronchodilation was maintained during the observation period of 3 h. 30 min after inhalation the results corresponded to those following the inhalation of 2 puffs of orciprenaline (0.75 mg per puff). Isolated side-effects were independent of the dosage.

Adult↗