Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R M Baer.
Surgery for cataract resulting from pars plana vitrectomy combined with fluid/silicone oil exchange is often rewarding in terms of visual acuity improvement. Careful choice of surgical method and suitable modifications of standard technique reduce the incidence of serious complications. Per-operative posterior capsulotomy is a safe method of maintaining a clear visual axis after ECCE.
Alterations in retinal vessel calibre on changing posture may indicate an autoregulatory response to changing perfusion pressure. The effect of passive tilting on retinal response in healthy individuals was investigated. Subjects were supported on a specially constructed tilting table. The control measurements were taken with the body in a 30 degrees head up position. Red-free fundus photographs were taken before, during and after a three minute period of 30 degrees head down tilting. Ten subjects were assessed (mean age 29 years: range 18-38). A total of 92 arteriolar and 86 venular sites were measured. On tilting to the head down position arterioles showed an early and significant decrease in calibre: mean -3.1% (p less than 0.001). Venules showed an increase of 3.7% (p less than 0.001). The response was not sustained throughout the period of tilting despite a maintained increase in ocular perfusion pressure, which was estimated in six of the subjects.
Because cardiovascular risk correlates with serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and is inverse with high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, the LDL-HDL cholesterol ratio has been advocated as a sensitive index of relative cardiovascular risk. In 50 normal weight insulin-treated Type II diabetic subjects, mean LDL-HDL ratios were significantly higher than for controls. In diabetic women, the LDL-HDL cholesterol ratio correlated with hemoglobin A1 better than any of the lipids or lipoprotein cholesterol fractions. When 8 poorly controlled diabetics were treated with insulin, the LDL-HDL ratio changed more significantly than did its component fractions, and the fall in LDL-HDL ratio paralleled the fall in hemoglobin A1.
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