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Biomedical subjects

R M Cherniack

Publications and source records attributed to R M Cherniack.

113 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1966

Effect of dichlorphenamide on gas exchange and CSF acid-base state in chronic respiratory failure.

Dichlorphenamide was administered to 13 patients with chronic respiratory failure, and the effects on gas exchange at rest and during exercise and on the acid-base state of CSF were observed. The ventilation for a given level of CO(2) production was increased both at rest and during exercise, resulting in an increased arterial Po(2) and decreased Pco(2).The ventilatory stimulation paralleled the development of a metabolic acidosis but was not associated with tissue CO(2) accumulation. Indeed, CSF Pco(2) and the oxygenated mixed venous (rebreathing) Pco(2) fell by the same amount as arterial Pco(2). The level of CO(2) elimination after two minutes of exercise was as great for a given work load after dichlorphenamide as before. These findings do not support the view that the drug impairs CO(2) transport from tissues either at rest or during exercise. They are most consistent with the view that the primary locus of action of dichlorphenamide in therapeutic doses is the kidney. The metabolic acidosis which results is likely the basis of the respiratory stimulatin, perhaps by its effects on the CSF H(2)CO(3)-HCO(3) - system. Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in the red cell and choroid plexus are probably unimportant effects.

Acidosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of polymorphism of the beta(2)-adrenergic receptor on response to regular use of albuterol in asthma.

BACKGROUND: Regular use of inhaled beta-adrenergic agonists may have adverse effects in some asthma patients. Polymorphisms of the beta(2)-adrenergic receptor (beta(2)-AR) can affect its regulation; however, results of smaller studies of the effects of such polymorphisms on response to beta-agonist therapy have been inconsistent. METHODS: We examined the possible effects of polymorphisms at codons 16 (beta(2)-AR-16) and 27 (beta(2)-AR-27) on response to albuterol by genotyping 190 asthmatics who had participated in a trial of regular versus as-needed albuterol use. RESULTS: During the 16-week treatment period, patients homozygous for arginine (Arg/Arg) at beta(2)-AR-16 who used albuterol regularly had a small decline in morning peak expiratory flow (AM PEF). This effect was magnified during a 4-week run-out period, when all patients returned to as-needed albuterol only. By the end of the study, Arg/Arg subjects who had used albuterol regularly had an AM PEF 30.5 +/- 12.1 liters/min lower (p = 0.012) than Arg/Arg patients who had used albuterol as needed only. Subjects homozygous for glycine at beta(2)-AR-16 showed no such decline. Evening PEF also declined in the Arg/Arg regular but not in as-need albuterol users. No significant differences between regular and as-needed treatment were associated with polymorphisms at beta(2)-AR-27. CONCLUSIONS: Polymorphisms of the beta(2)-AR may influence airway responses to regular inhaled beta-agonist treatment.

Adolescent↗