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Biomedical subjects

R M Hammer

Publications and source records attributed to R M Hammer.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

The lived experience of being at home. A phenomenological investigation.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the essential structure of the lived experience of feeling at home for older adults relocated to alternative care settings which provide some degree of supervision. METHODS: A purposive sample of 10 relocated older adults in three settings (i.e., one life care and two long-term care facilities) was studied using a qualitative design. Data were gathered through interviews and analyzed using Giorgi's (1985) method of phenomenology. FINDINGS: Fourteen themes existing in a dialectic of "at home" versus "not at home" emerged and were integrated into the essential structure of the phenomenon of home. Elders who felt at home had strong feelings of satisfaction with their lives, security, autonomy, and purpose. Those older adults who did not feel at home were anxious, angry, and depressed, and were consumed by a desire to be elsewhere. CONCLUSIONS: Some individuals have great difficulty establishing a sense of home in alternative settings. Methods of assessing older adults and designing interventions that contribute to establishing a sense of home could prove valuable in enhancing the quality of life for those who must spend their remaining years in settings other than their traditional homes.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1994

Spherical aberration of aspheric contact lenses on eye.

It is important to assess aspheric rigid contact lenses not only for fit, but also for optical performance. Using ray tracing techniques, on-eye total longitudinal aberration induced by aspheric contact lenses and the variation of the tangential focus with ray height were determined. Both the contact lens and tear lens were taken into account. The front and back surface profiles of the contact lens and the corneal profile were modeled as conic sections. On-eye aberration was found to become strongly more positive as the p-value of the contact lens front surface increased. It became more negative as the back surface p-value increased, but the tendency was weaker. These calculations indicate that selection of a contact lens back surface p-value according to fitting considerations without choosing a front surface p-value to minimize aberrations could, in some circumstances, lead to a reduction in visual performance.

Astigmatism↗
PubMed1991

Intraocular retinal transplantation: a review.

This review covers intraocular transplantation of retinal tissue. This has importance both for theoretical understanding of retinal and neural development and for possible future clinical application. Transplantation sites have ranged from the anterior chamber through the retina to the subretinal space. Transplanted tissue has ranged from whole retina to specific retinal layers or specific types of retinal cells. Both within-species and inter-species transplants have been performed, and donor age has ranged from embryonic to adult. The ability of transplanted tissue to be accepted and to differentiate in host eyes has been studied. The conditions under which successful transplants are obtained, host-graft interactions, and transplantation methodologies have been explored. Morphological, and to a small extent, also functional characteristics of the transplants have been studied.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Nursing's self-image--nursing education's responsibility.

This article is concerned primarily with the development of a professional image of nurses and the significant role played by nursing educators. What do nursing educators do or should they do to enhance positive self-image among their students? After many years of dealing with students at various stages along the way toward RN, and seeing their reluctance to enter the nursing world due to uncertainty and fear, it seemed to the authors that the root of the problem may be in the development of professional self-image. The authors believe that even though curricula are sound and faculty well prepared for their responsibilities, students still develop these feelings of doubt and inadequacy. Perhaps nursing educators need to do a self-examination by answering the questions posed throughout the article. It is the belief of the authors that nursing educators sincerely subscribe to their role in self-image development. But, at the same time, they may unconsciously contribute to some aspects of negative image development. Is it something that they "do or don't do"? The article is intended to be thought provoking; to stimulate thinking and self-examination. It is not meant to introduce new and innovative material. It reiterates some facts, enumerates a variety of situations, provides examples, and poses many questions. It is divided into three areas of discussion. Self-concept is briefly reviewed as foundation material for the examples and situations enumerated. Further discussion centers on the importance of the individual (nurse) and the importance of the work (nursing).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Education, Nursing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Time course of electroretinographic recovery following argon laser photocoagulation in cats.

We wished to study in detail the time course of changes in the electroretinogram (ERG) that occur following lesioning of the cat retina by photocoagulation. The superior-temporal quadrant of one eye of 15 adult cats was photocoagulated by argon laser. The ERG was recorded at baseline and followed for up to 13 weeks postlaser. The retina was also observed ophthalmoscopically. Immediately after photocoagulation, the b-wave amplitude was markedly reduced. This was followed by a gradual recovery over the next 10 weeks. The ophthalmoscopic appearance of the lesions, however, appeared unchanged after 1 week. The ERG, which is reduced in amplitude immediately after retinal photocoagulation, shows recovery with time.

Animals↗