High extracellular fibrinolytic activity of tumors and control normal tissues.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
R M Niles
Publications and source records attributed to R M Niles.
Failure to Detect Cyclic 3', 5'-Adenosine Monophosphate in Healthy and Crown Gall Tumorous Tissues of Vicia faba.
Attempts were made to provide proof for the occurrence of cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate in healthy and crown gall tissues of Vicia faba. Although our purified extracts gave positive readings in the Gilman binding assay for cyclic AMP, they were not digested by a specific cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate phosphodiesterase from beef heart. The extracts were digested, however, by a partially purified cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase from carrot tissue, which attacks both cyclic 2',3'- and 3',5'-nucleotides. The data indicate that the substances detected in the V. faba extracts are perhaps cyclic 2',3'-nucleotides, a possible RNA degradation product.
Journal Article↗
Chromatin-directed Ribonucleic Acid Synthesis: A Comparison of Chromatins Isolated from Healthy, Avirulent Agrobacterium tumefaciens Inoculated, and Crown-Gall Tumor Tissues of Vicia faba.
Chromatin was extracted from healthy, avirulent Agrobacterium tumefaciens inoculated, and crown-gall tumor Vicia faba internodes of the same age. Chromatin from crown-gall tissue produced 5 times more RNA per 100 micrograms of DNA than chromatin from the healthy tissue. When template availability was compared using chromatin with saturating amounts of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase, chromatin from crown-gall tissue had 36% more available template than the controls. In addition, when gamma-(32)P-ATP was incorporated into the RNA synthesizing reaction mixture, with saturating amounts of E. coli RNA polymerase, there were twice as many RNA chain starts in tumor as in control tissue.
Journal Article↗
Recent advances in the use of vitamin A (retinoids) in the prevention and treatment of cancer.
Vitamin A, its physiologic metabolites, and synthetic derivatives (retinoids) have been shown to have protective effects against the development of certain types of cancer. In addition, pharmacologic amounts of retinoids have been used with some success in the treatment of a few human tumors. The chemoprevention effect of retinoids is most likely exerted at the tumor-promotion phase of carcinogenesis. Retinoids block tumor promotion by inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis, inducing differentiation, or a combination of these actions. Clinically, isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid) significantly decreases the incidence of second primary tumors in patients with head-and-neck cancer and reduces appearance of non-melanoma skin cancer in patients with xeroderma pigmentosum. Retinoic acid has proved to be an effective treatment for promyelocytic leukemia. However, retinoid resistance limits its use as a single agent. Clinical trials are in progress to determine the efficacy of retinoids in treating other types of cancer such as neuroblastoma and breast carcinoma. The development of receptor-selective retinoids and selective inhibitors of retinoid metabolism may lead to further use of retinoids in both chemoprevention and treatment of cancer.
Anticarcinogenic Agents↗