Multiple electroencephalograph electrodes for spike detection in partial complex seizures.
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Electrodes↗
Biomedical subjects
R M Sadler
Publications and source records attributed to R M Sadler.
Multiple electrodes for detecting spikes in partial complex seizures.
The contribution of various electroencephalographic electrodes in detecting spikes from patients with seizures of suspected anterior temporal origin was prospectively studied with a standard protocol. The following electrodes were studied: International Standard 10-20 positions F7-8 and A1-2, sphenoidal (SP), nasopharyngeal (NP), anterior temporal (T1-2), mandibular notch surface (MNS), and mandibular notch subdermal (MNSD). Twenty patients were recorded of whom 16 demonstrated anterior temporal spikes. There was no difference in the number of spikes detected by SP, MNS, MNSD, or T1-2 electrodes (p less than 0.05); however these electrodes detected significantly more spikes than NP, F7-8, or A1-2. The SP electrode recorded spikes of highest amplitude (p less than 0.05). We conclude that for patients suspected of having seizures of anterior temporal origin, (1) a substantial number of spikes will be missed if only the International Standard electrode system is employed; (2) in comparison to SP electrodes the non-invasive and easily applied MNS or T1-2 electrodes will detect almost all spikes and should be used in outpatient EEG recordings; (3) NP electrodes provide no information that cannot be obtained by more reliable and better tolerated electrodes.
Adolescent↗
Phenytoin suspension.
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Fluorescence Polarization↗
Significance of bisynchronous spike-waves in patients with temporal lobe spikes.
We examined the clinical significance of bisynchronous spike-wave complexes which appear in EEGs of some patients with focal spikes in one or both temporal lobes. Few features distinguished patients with bisynchronous spike-waves from those with only focal temporal spikes: a higher incidence of patients with more than two grand mal seizures a year (43 vs. 7%) and a younger age at last recording (22.5 vs. 28.3 years) were the only statistically reliable factors. Proportion of patients with complex partial seizures (CPS) (100%), age of CPS onset, incidence of febrile convulsions, intellectual level, and normal neurologic examination were features common to the two groups. In contrast to other studies which did not exclude influencing variables such as extratemporal spike foci, our group with bisynchronous spike-waves fared equally well after temporal lobectomy as did patients with temporal spikes alone. All 6 patients with spike-waves obtained a reduction of at least 50% in seizure frequency and 5 of the 6 (83%) had a greater than 90% reduction. Sixteen of 17 patients (94%) without spike-waves had a reduction of at least 50% and 14 of the 17 (82%) had a greater than 90% reduction of seizures.
Action Potentials↗