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Biomedical subjects

R Münch

Publications and source records attributed to R Münch.

68 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

High amylase content of neoplastic pleural and pericardial effusion probably secondary to amylase producing tumor cells: report of 2 cases.

We report two cases of malignant pleural and pericardial effusion respectively secondary to bronchogenic carcinomas. In both effusions, a significant elevation of the Salivary-type-amylase fraction was found, while the corresponding values were normal in serum and urine. Electronmicroscopy of the malignant tumor cells from the pleural effusion showed typical electron-dense granules, suggesting zymogen granules. It is concluded that the high amylase content of the effusions was due to secretion of S-type-isoamylase by the tumor cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Serum and dialyzate concentrations of intraperitoneal cephalothin in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

The pharmacokinetics of cephalothin sodium were studied in seven patients with chronic renal failure undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. 100 mg of cephalothin per liter dialyzate were administered intraperitoneally during nine dialysis cycles with 2 liters of dialysis fluid per cycle. Serum levels of the antibiotic, measured microbiologically during the first, fifth and ninth dwell time, revealed peak values of 3.5 +/- 1.7 mg/l, 5.6 +/- 2.2 mg/l and 5.3 +/- 2.5 mg/l, respectively. The mean concentration in the dialysis outflow was 23.6 +/- 15.6 mg/l (range: 2.0-78.7 mg/l). Intraperitoneally administered cephalothin is well tolerated. Serum levels exceeded the minimal inhibitory concentrations of most gram positive bacteria causing peritonitis in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Eosinophilic esophagitis, a rare manifestation of eosinophilic gastroenteritis].

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a rare disease characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms, peripheral eosinophilia and massive infiltration of segments of the gastrointestinal tract by eosinophils. A case of this disease in a 25-year-old patient with symptoms of slight dysphagia and isolated esophageal involvement is described. Improvement of the symptoms, but not of the histological abnormalities, was obtained by steroids combined with withdrawal of the food components probably responsible for the symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Kinetic and inhibition studies of Bacillus cereus beta-lactamase using a spectrophotometric method.

The use of a spectrophotometric method is reported for the characterization of a beta-lactamase (EC 3.5.2.6) from Bacillus cereus. Absorption coefficients of the mercaptides of various penicillins were determined with this method. The enzyme was kinetically characterized using penicillins. Inhibition studies with Bacillus cereus beta-lactamase and various penicillins showed a substrate type of inhibition, indicating an additional binding site for substrates without catalytic activity. The dissociation constant of this binding site was determined and the influence of this binding site upon the catalytic activity is discussed. Studies with beta-lactamase-stable penicillins as inhibitors and various penicillins showed different types of inhibition, which indicated the presence of an additional catalytically inactive binding site. Experiments with clavulanic acid, a beta-lactamase inhibitor without remarkable intrinsic antibacterial activity, showed a mixed type of inhibition. Based on the hypothesis for the existence of more than one substrate binding site on the enzyme, clavulanic acid was found to be bonded to both the catalytic active and the catalytic inactive binding site.

Bacillus cereus↗
PubMed1980

[Incidence of bacteremia in heart catheterization: results of a prospective study on the prevention of endocarditis with cefazoline versus placebo].

145 consecutive patients scheduled for a cardiac catheterization were enrolled in a prospective double-blind randomized study to determine the incidence of bacteremia during and following catheterization and the usefulness of antibiotic prophylaxis with cefazolin versus placebo during this procedure. Four blood cultures were taken from each patient to evaluate the incidence of bacteremia vs. contamination. 15 of 296 (5.07%) and 11 of 284 (3.8%) cultures yielded bacteria in the placebo group (74 patients) and in the cefazolin-group (71 patients) respectively. Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference between the groups. These results, together with the spectrum of the organisms isolated and the clinical and laboratory findings, suggest that the isolation of bacteria was due rather to contamination than the result of bacteremia. It is concluded that antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization is unnecessary and not indicated.

Blood↗
PubMed1979

Human pharmacology of cefotaxime (HR 756), a new cephalosporin.

Cefotaxime (HR 756) is a new semisynthetic parenteral cephalosporin with exceptional activity against gram-negative organisms and considerable stability against their beta-lactamases. To study its pharmacokinetic properties, 0.5-, 1-, and 2-g doses were administered to each of six volunteers intravenously over 15 min, followed by a sustaining infusions of 0.5, 1, and 2 g/h, respectively, for 3 consecutive hours. The loading doses produced mean peak levels of 41, 93, and 160 mug/ml, and mean steady-state serum concentrations were 27, 64, and 138 mug/ml, respectively. The mean terminal half-life was 75 +/- 7 min. The total volume of distribution averaged 0.22 +/- 0.03 liters/kg of body weight. Total body and renal clearances were 232 +/- 30 and 145 +/- 24 ml/min per 1.73 m(2), respectively; 63 +/- 9% of the administered dose was excreted through the kidneys in 24 h. To determine the effect of cefotaxime on the renal tubules, urinary alanine aminopeptidase excretion was measured before, during, and after the infusions. It remained within the normal range in all instances; however, 48 +/- 14% of the total daily alanine aminopeptidase output was recovered during the infusion period. Side effects were dose related and included fatigue, loose stools, and night sweats. No significant changes in hematology, serum chemistry, or urinalysis were recorded.

Cephalosporins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Distinct hemodynamic and gastric effects of human CGRP I and II in man.

The human calcitonin gene-related peptides I and II (or alpha and beta) (CGRP I and II) are encoded by two different genes, but they have 34 of the 37 amino acid residues in common. Human CGRP I more potently stimulated blood flow through the skin and carotid artery (p less than 0.01), and the heart rate (p less than 0.05), and plasma renin activity and aldosterone secretion than human CGRP II (p less than 0.02). Inhibition of pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid output, on the other hand, was only obtained with CGRP II. The separate effects of human CGRP I and II on the cardiovascular and gastric systems are presumably mediated by different receptors or receptor pathways recognized by the two closely related neuropeptides.

Adult↗