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Biomedical subjects

R Malo

Publications and source records attributed to R Malo.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Isolation of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus from the tarsal joint of a bull (author's transl)].

Isolation of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus from the tarsal joint of a bullInfectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus was isolated from the right tarsal joint of a bull who was showing signs of a systemic viral infection. The clinical signs manifested by 16 bulls of this herd are described, the laboratory methods used are listed and the results are analysed and discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Dermatophilus congolensis infection in a dairy cow in Quebec (author's transl)].

Dermatophilus congolensis infection in a dairy cow in QuebecA case of infection by Dermatophilus congonlensis is described for the first time in the Province of Quebec, in a dairy cow. Dermatophilosis was diagnosed in the area of Saint-Hyacinthe in October 1978. It was not possible to find the source of the infection. The isolation of the microorganism was successful and the three techniques used are described. The death of the animal was attributed to complications following invasion by a secondary pathogen. All the other animals in the herd were free from clinical signs of infection. Moreover, no other case of infection by D. congolensis was found in other animal species or humans in the area.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1974

A case of viral neonatal calf diarrhea in a Quebec dairy herd.

This report is concerned with a consistent problem of neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) in a dairy herd in which, for nearly two years, the morbidity had approached 100% and the mortality had varied from 20% to 45%. Generally, diarrhea appeared at three days of age. By the fluorescent antibody tissue section technique the two Nebraska NCD viruses (reo-like and corona-like) were detected in the cytoplasm of many absorptive cells of the small intestine from a calf submitted for necropsy. Reo-like virus antigen was not detected in the absorptive and crypt cells of the colon but coronavirus-like antigen was. An adenovirus was also isolated from the small intestine of this calf. The disease was reproduced experimentally in a two day old colostrum deprived calf with a bacteria free intestinal homogenate obtained from the naturally infected calf. Both Nebraska NCD viruses were demonstrated in this experimental animal. However, the adenovirus was not re-isolated. Histological lesions observed in the small and large intestines of the naturally and experimentally infected calves were similar and because of their good correlation with the immunofluorescent findings, a combination of the two Nebraska NCD viruses was thought to be a major cause of the neonatal calf diarrhea problem afflicting this dairy herd.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1974

Seasonal fluctuation and inhibited development of populations of Dictyocaulus filaria in ewes and lambs.

The fluctuation of populations of Dictyocaulus filaria in sheep was studied under field conditions in which animals are housed during the winter and grazed from late spring to autumn. A comparison was made between residual pasture contamination with overwintered larvae, the fecal larval deposition by ewes from June and both of these factors combined as sources of infection for spring born lambs. Ewes and lambs were killed serially over a year and worms were recovered from the lungs and counted. It was found that during the stabling period most of the ewes were carrying moderate numbers of D. filaria. However, while the vast majority of lungworm populations in the winter was inhibited in development at the early fifth larval stage, virtually all worms in the spring were adults. Any one source of infection studied contributed to the acquisition of important burdens of D. filaria by lambs as well as ewes. Worm counts reached peak in all lambs by November and this pointed to only one important Dictyocaulus generation per grazing season. It would also appear that larvae picked up by ewes and lambs as the grazing season advanced had become inhibited in development with the inhibition rate being most marked in autumn.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

[Necrotic enteritis in broilers. II. Characteristics of the strains of Clostridium perfringens isolated].

A Gram positive bacillus, strictly anaerobic, was isolated from the viscera of all diseased birds showing lesions of necrotic enteritis. Its morphology and biochemical reactions, the presence of alpha and thêta hemolysins and the production of a lecithinase-C in vitro, all these characteristics indicated a similarity to those belonging to the group of Clostridium perfringens. The two hemolysins were neutralized in vitro only by the antitoxin A. Broiler chickens injected I.V. with a Viande-Foie (VF) broth culture of Clostridium perfringens together with the antitoxin A survived, whereas those receiving antitoxin C died. These results seem to indicate that this organism belongs to the type A. This bacillus was sensitive to a great variety of antibiotics, except neomycin.

Animals↗
PubMed1973

Gastrointestinal nematode populations in stabled ewes of Rimouski region.

Nematode populations is stabled ewes of the Rimouski region were studied by means of fecal worm egg counts, fecal culture of larvae, and worm counts at necropsy. It was found that during the winter strongyle egg counts were low, Trichostrongylus eggs being most numerous, The stronglye egg counts increased following lambing and reached peak in June. Ostertagia spp was the principal contributor to this "spring-rise", with substantial contribution from Trichostrongylus and Haemonchus contortus. The bulk of adult worm populations in winter, however, was made up of Trichostrongylus, whereas the great majority of the populations of Ostertagia spp, H. contortus and Nematodirus spp were inhibited in development at the fourth larval stage. All the worms recovered at necropsy in spring were adults, coinciding with the "spring-rise".

Animals↗
PubMed1970

[Evaluation of 4 enrichment media f the demonstration of avian Salmonellae].

During the course of one natural and two experimental infections with Salmonella the authors evaluated four different enrichment media for the isolation and growth of these organisms. The final results indicate that the utilisation of only one medium is not sufficient. They suggest the addition of M.M. medium to the Sodium Tetrathionate and Selenite broth. The M.S. medium proved to be too inhibiting.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antiarrhythmic effects of verapamil].

The effect of verapamil were studied on 50 episodes of supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia in 44 patients. An i.v. dose of 0.10 to 0.15 mg/kg. was used. In 5 cases His bundle electrograms were obtained while maximal dp/dt was determined in 7 others. Sinus rhythm was obtained in 21 (81%) of 26 cases of PSVT. In all cases of rapid atrial fibrillation (n-11), an important decrease in the ventricular response was elicited. Of 7 cases of atrial flutter, verapamil induced sinus rhythm in 3 and a significant decrease in the ventricular rate in 3 others. In 2 out of 6 cases ventricular tachycardia reverted to sinus rhythm. The latency time between the injection and the manifestation of the effect ranged from 2 to 4 minutes. A slight and short-lasting depression of dp/dt was observed in all cases studied. Verapamil produced an increase in the A-H interval in 4 of the 5 cases studied with His bundle recordings. Verapamil was found to be a useful drug to suppress PSVT, to decrease the ventricular response in flutter or atrial fibrillation and to convert some ventricular tachycardias to sinus rhythm. Verapamil should be used with caution in previously digitalized patients and is contraindicated when there is S-A node dysfunction as in the tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Predictive value of the increase in diastolic arterial pressure during the exercise test in ischemic cardiopathy].

There are few studies on the behavior of the diastolic blood pressure during the stress test. The purpose of this report is to present a simple, noninvasive technique of measuring the mean diastolic arterial blood pressure at rest, during maximal exercise testing and in the first minute of recovery (X delta DAP). We studied 132 patients with exercise testing (E/T) and coronariography (C). Of these, 116 had coronary artery disease and 16 did not. The following data were analyzed: Age (A) X delta DAP, X2, p value, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PV+), and negative predictive value (PV-). As we analyzed our patients with coronary arterial disease, we found that in 75% of the cases, the X delta DAP increased more than 15 mmHg, immediately after maximal effort, and 86% of these cases had poor myocardial contratility by angiocardiogram. We conclude that the increase of X delta DAP has a significant value in a ischemic heart disease.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Studies on the dissemination of Salmonella in nine broiler-chicken flocks.

The salmonella status of nine different broiler-chicken flocks was studied from the day before the chickens were placed in the house until their sixth week of age. The presence of salmonella serotypes in dust, litter, feces, water, and feed was investigated. Dust from different sites was sampled and appeared to be contaminated with salmonellae even after six of the nine houses were disinfected. Defects in the cleaning and disinfection of air inlets and fans seemed to be an important factor for the recontamination of the house. Chickens were often contaminated at the hatchery, and in two houses the percentage of contamination had increased to as much as 82 7% and 88 8% at six weeks of age. Swabbing of intact and fresh feces appeared to be a more reliable technique than culturing the litter for evaluating the shedder state of the flock, and it appeared also to be more rapid and simple than the collection of cloacal swabs.

Animal Feed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Trans and postoperative myocardial infarct in heart surgery].

1. A study was made of 34 cases (33%) of myocardial infarction trans and immediately postoperative which occurred in 11,210 surgical interventions with and without extracorporeal circulation. 2. This presents a statistical relation of the frequency of myocardial infarction in realtion to the heart disease acquired with or without extracorporeal circulation with the mitral, aortic, and double prosthesis of the mitral and aortic valves. A correlation was also made with the ischemic heart disease subjected to revascularization. The same analysis was carried out in the congenital heart disease with or without extracorporeal circulation. 3. In all cases the antecedents, precipitating factors, and the clinical picture were studied and in 12 cases the necropsy was analized. The principal finding was transmural myocardial infarction with electrocardiographic proof and serial enzymes. 4. The group was divided into two sub-groups; Group "A" with acute myocardial infarction transoperative, and Group "B" with acute myocardial infarction in the first eight postoperative days. The electrical and mechanical complications were analized. 5. A correlation was made of the causes of mortality related to the type of congenital or acquired heart disease with or without extracorporeal circulation. 6. The frequency of this entity was studied with the total time of aortic clamping, and the complications such as the low cardiac output syndrome, rupture of the wall, aneurysms, acute pulmonary edema, and with the disturbances of rhythm and conduction. 7. The presence of 33.3% of normal coronaries in these of necropsy was emphasized. 8. The importance of the coronary profile of this group in relation to the consequences of a stress from anesthesia, surgery, extracorporeal circulation, and aortic clamping is mentioned. 9. The diagnostic parameters such as arterial hypotension with or without the low cardiac output syndrome, enzyme levels, and the action of the potassium ion are mentioned. 10. An analysis is made of the possible etiological factors of the precipitation of the myocardial necrosis in the cases with normal coronaries and those in which there was no important obstruction of the coronary macrocirculation. 11. In the subgroup "A" it was found that the frequency of myocardial infarction was less than in the subgroup "B", but there was greater mortality in group "A". The possible causal factors are analized.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Aortic prosthesis, long-term results and evolution].

The results and evolution of 126 aortic prosthesis implanted from 1964 to 1971 were reported. The results are appraised according to the criteria of the NYHA. The hospital mortality in the first five years was 40%; in those operated on in the following 3 it fell to 21% and finally those treated in the last 2 years had 16%. The delayed mortality was 19%. Depending on the type of valvular lesion, the stenosis have the highest mortality (50%). The group II and II of the NYHA had less mortality. In the evolution of the survivors at ten years, the incidence of actual survivors shows that after the first two years of prosthetic change, the survival rate tends to stabilize staying at 77% at the end of 10 years; of which 75% evolve well and 17% badly. A separate analysis was made of the factors which modify the results and evolution such as calcifications, associated mitraltricuspid lesions, and myocardial damage. The most frequent complications were embolisms 14%, prosthetic dysfunction 12.8%, endocarditis 3.8%, and hemolysis 2.5%.

Adolescent↗