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Biomedical subjects

R Maloney

Publications and source records attributed to R Maloney.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Isolation of the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, from Ixodes dammini (Acari: Ixodidae) collected on Prince Edward Island, Canada.

Studies were undertaken to monitor for the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease, on Prince Edward Island, Canada. Gut contents were removed for culturing from seven engorged ticks collected in 1991-1992 including five Ixodes dammini (Spielman, Clifford, Piesman & Corwin) and two I. scapularis (Say) removed from a dog that had recently traveled to the southern United States. B. burgdorferi was recovered from one I. dammini that had been removed from a cat in Charlottetown in October 1991. The cat had not traveled off the island. Immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) studies on sera from 75 dogs, 7 cats, and 8 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) collected on Prince Edward Island between 1989 and 1992 revealed one reactor with an IFA titer > or = 1:256. The reactor was a dog with a history of travel to the United States. This report documents the first isolate of B. burgdorferi in Atlantic Canada, possibly because of the introduction of I. dammini on migratory birds. Serological studies do not indicate widespread occurrence of B. burgdorferi on Prince Edward Island.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Complementary methods for evaluating carotid stenosis: a biophysical basis for ocular pulse wave delays.

Attempts to noninvasively estimate the significance of carotid arterial stenoses have resulted in a recent technological explosion. Ocular pulse wave timing [oculoplethysmography (OPG) pulse delay] has been strongly promulgated but also criticized on theoretical grounds and for lack of physiologic validation. Audiofrequency analysis of carotid bruits (carotid phonoangiography CPA) has been combined with OPG allegedly to improve accuracy. To evaluate these methods in a controlled model, we studied the effects of graded unilateral stenoses in the canine carotid artery on physiological parameters and associated OPG and CPA recordings. Arterial compliance was calculated from simultaneous diameter and pressure recordings distal to the stenosis. OPG time delay correlated directly with reductions in flow and pressure and with increasing arterial compliance (P less than 0.01). Thus, the delay is caused at least partially by a decreased pulse wave velocity, resulting from the increased compliance distal to stenoses associated with a significant pressure gradient. OPG is most discriminating for stenoses of higher grades. Because bruits arise from flow disturbances that occur even with moderate degrees of stenosis, CPA provides diagnostic information before profound flow reduction occurs. This study illustrates the value of complementary methods for analyzing complex hemodynamic phenomena and provides evidence to support use of the pulse delay concept to diagnose arterial disease.

Angiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Childbirth education classes: expectant parents' expectations.

One hundred clients (43 fathers, 57 mothers), of whom 50 had enrolled in childbirth education classes but had not yet attended and 50 who had attended and were parents of a healthy infant, were surveyed to find out what clients expect to gain from attending childbirth education classes. Responses of preclass and postdelivery male and female clients were compared using content analysis and chi-square statistics. Results suggest that interest followed pregnancy chronology, fathers expected to learn facts, mothers expected to learn coping strategies, and both expected to learn breathing, relaxation, and infant care techniques. Although clients felt that more time should have been spent on the majority of topics, 64% of mothers and 53% of fathers said that the classes had met their expectations.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The emergence of a culture that promotes evidence based clinical decision making within an acute care setting.

Nursing research programs within acute care hospitals are essential to the development and integration of nursing knowledge, difficult to implement and rarely evaluated. The purpose of this paper is three fold: (1) to describe the development, structures, and processes of a nursing research program within an acute care teaching hospital and (2) to describe selected evaluation outcomes and (3) to discuss future directions.

Decision Making↗