Biomedical subjects

R Manchester

Publications and source records attributed to R Manchester.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Disinfection efficacy of contact lens care solutions against ocular pathogens.

PURPOSE: Three commercially available products labeled as multi-purpose contact lens solutions, one multi-purpose disinfecting solution, and a hydrogen peroxide system were evaluated for antimicrobial activity according to the current International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) stand-alone procedure for disinfecting products. One multi-purpose solution was selected to assess its antimicrobial activity against two human corneal isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. METHODS: Products were challenged with bacteria and fungi, and following a specified period, aliquots of inoculated test solution were neutralized and plated on validated recovery media. After incubation the number of viable microorganisms was enumerated and mean log reductions determined. RESULTS: ReNu MultiPlus (Bausch & Lomb, Rochester, NY), AOSEPT (CIBA Vision Corporation, Duluth, GA), and Opti-Free Express with Aldox (Alcon Laboratories, Ft. Worth, TX) were the only lens care products that met the stand-alone criteria for all required microorganisms within their minimum recommended disinfection time. Of these, ReNu MultiPlus provided the greatest overall antimicrobial activity. ReNu MultiPlus demonstrated a significantly higher mean log reduction of Staphylococcus aureus and Serratia marcescens than Opti-Free Express. ReNu MultiPlus also gave a higher mean log reduction of S. aureus and S. marcescens than AOSEPT, and a higher mean log reduction of Candida albicans and Fusarium solani than AOSEPT, Complete Comfort Plus (Allergan, Irivine, CA), and Solo-Care (CIBA Vision Corp.) (at 4 hours). Both Complete Comfort Plus and Solo-Care (at 4 hours) met the primary acceptance criteria for bacteria; however, neither product possessed enough antimicrobial activity to meet the minimum criteria for yeast or mold. ReNu Multiplus was effective against corneal isolates of P. aeruginosa. CONCLUSION: ReNu MultiPlus, AOSEPT, and Opti-Free Express met the requirements of the stand-alone primary criteria for disinfecting solutions. ReNu MultiPlus demonstrated the greatest overall disinfection efficacy, as well as excellent activity against clinical strains of P. aeruginosa.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed1991

Physicians' perceptions of the effect of a pharmacokinetic service on their ability to independently function.

One hundred and thirty-nine physicians previously provided aminoglycoside dosage recommendations by a pharmacist were surveyed to determine the effect of this service on their perceived ability to independently calculate a dosing regimen. None of the forty-one responding physicians believed that pharmacist recommendations diminished their ability to independently calculate an aminoglycoside dose. In fact, nearly all of the physicians believed their ability to determine the dose was improved as a result of this service.

Aminoglycosides↗

PubMed1986

The P & T committee: descriptive survey of activities and time requirements.

Hospitals in the St. Louis area were surveyed to identify the activities of their P & T Committees and to determine the time commitment required of various hospital personnel for P & T functions. The acceptance of the P & T Committee within the hospital and committee membership were also studied. The data gathered were reviewed according to hospital size to determine the effect of size on P & T Committee activities. After analyzing results from the survey, suggestions on effective use of time for P & T functions are presented.

Missouri↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Does physician uncertainty affect patient satisfaction?

Physicians may choose one of several strategies when initially uncertain about making a specific therapeutic recommendation. The authors investigated how patients' satisfaction is affected by disclosure of uncertainty and its attempted resolution during a clinical encounter. Three hundred and four patients awaiting appointments at a university hospital's ambulatory medical clinic were randomized to view one of five videotapes (VTs) of a patient seeking advice about antimicrobial prophylaxis for a heart murmur. In VT-1 and VT-2, the physician disclosed no uncertainty and prescribed therapy. In VT-3, VT-4, and VT-5, the physician openly conveyed uncertainty but then: (VT-3) prescribed antibiotics without resolving his uncertainty; (VT-4) consulted a reference book with the patient present, then prescribed; or (VT-5) checked a computer with the patient present, then prescribed. Patients rated their satisfaction with the physician on a standardized questionnaire. Differences in satisfaction between the five VTs were significant (p = 0.001), with the highest ratings found for VT-1 and VT-2, where no uncertainty was disclosed. The lowest ratings in satisfaction were found when the physician expressed but then ignored uncertainty (VT-3) or examined a textbook (VT-4). Global satisfaction was inversely and significantly correlated (r = -0.47) with the patients' perception of uncertainty in the physician. The manner in which clinical uncertainty is disclosed to patients and then resolved by the physician appears to affect patients' satisfaction.

Ambulatory Care↗