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Biomedical subjects

R Masanganise

Publications and source records attributed to R Masanganise.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Orbital exenterations and squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva at Sekuru Kaguvi Eye Unit, Zimbabwe.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the audit was to determine the common orbital diseases necessitating orbital exenterations at Sekuru Kaguvi Hospital (SKH) between January and December 1999 and recommend ways of reducing the numbers of procedures done annually. DESIGN: Retrospective cross sectional study. SETTING: Department of Surgery, Parirenyatwa Hospital, University of Zimbabwe. SUBJECTS: 23 patients who underwent orbital exenterations at SKH over a one year period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The nature of orbital tumours requiring orbital exenteration in Zimbabwe. RESULTS: A total of 23 patients underwent orbital exenteration during the period under review. Of the 23 patients, 13 (56.5%) had squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) of the conjunctiva with orbital extensions, 69% of the 13 patients were females and the mean age of these patients was 37.2 years (interquartile range 28, 48). CONCLUSIONS: People in tropical regions, where there is a high risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva in terms of increased predisposition to solar radiation, high prevalence of HIV and inadequate eye care services, should seek medical attention as soon as they notice a persistent conjunctival growth. Conjunctival tumours should be widely excised and material sent for histology to confirm diagnosis and clarity of excision margins. All patients diagnosed as having SCCA of the conjunctiva should be closely monitored to facilitate early detection of recurrences and institute appropriate treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

"A little reminder does no harm": case report.

A case of falsified non-accidental ocular injury of a 29 year old male is presented. The importance of an accurate history and appropriate investigations in the management of ocular injuries is highlighted to promote a high standard of health care delivery in Zimbabwe.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1998

Cataract surgery in Zimbabwe: the way forward.

The adoption of extracapsular cataract extraction and implant surgery as the standard method of managing senile cataracts in Zimbabwe has been hindered by several factors. These are; succumbing to pressure from promoters of intracapsular cataract surgery, inadequate human and material resources and the problems related to implementation. The problems with intracapsular cataract surgery and aphakic correction are well known. Practical methods of reducing the cost of extracapsular cataract extraction and implant surgery have been suggested. Considering the infrastructure and expertise currently available, coupled with the adoption of some of the cost cutting measures suggested, Zimbabwean ophthalmologists have the potential of providing high quality cataract surgery by international standards to the public without reservations.

Cataract↗
PubMed1998

An extraordinary role for village community development workers in diagnosing blindness in the community.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the reliability of village community development workers in screening for blindness in the community and to suggest an extraordinary role for these cadres. DESIGN: Diagnostic study. SETTING: Chivi District, Zimbabwe. SUBJECTS: A simple random sample of 148 out of 886 people selected from notification forms. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values. RESULTS: The screening method employed was found to have a sensitivity of 93% (95% CI), specificity of 32% (95% CI) and a predictive value for a positive result of 75%. CONCLUSION: The use of village community development workers to screen for blindness in the community has proved to be a reliable alternative when there is shortage of both ophthalmic trained personnel and funds.

Blindness↗
PubMed1998

A case of extreme myopia enrolled at a school for the blind.

A case of extreme myopia causing remedial blindness in a child enrolled at a school for the blind is presented. The need for training optometrists and creating posts for them at Central and Provincial Eye Units in the country has been highlighted. Selection guidelines for enrolling students at schools for the blind are essential if inappropriate admissions to these schools are to be curtailed.

Blindness↗
PubMed1997

Pseudo-exfoliation syndrome in Chivi District: a disease with no geographical or racial boundaries.

OBJECTIVE: To report on the high prevalence of pseudo-exfoliation syndrome and to suggest its possible link with glaucoma in Black Zimbabweans. DESIGN: Cross sectional. SETTING: Chivi District. SUBJECTS: A simple random sample of 148 blind people selected from a sampling frame of 886 blind people in Chivi district. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of pseudo-exfoliation syndrome. RESULTS: Pseudo-exfoliation was found among people between 55 and 90 years old. Of the sampled population 7.4% had PXS. Out of 17 eyes, cataracts were found in 12, glaucoma in eight, and spontaneous dislocated lenses in two. CONCLUSION: Pseudo-exfoliation is not rare in Chivi district and further research is needed to establish if it may be associated with glaucoma among Black Zimbabweans.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The trend of ocular surface squamous neoplasia among ocular surface tumour biopsies submitted for histology from Sekuru Kaguvi Eye Unit, Harare between 1996 and 2000.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the trend in the prevalence of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) among ocular surface tumour biopsies submitted for histology from Sekuru Kaguvi Eye Unit (SKEU), Harare between January 1996 and August 2000. DESIGN: The study was a retrospective records review of patients who had biopsies of ocular surface tumours done during the study period. SETTING: National Referral Centre for eye patients (Sekuru Kaguvi Eye Unit), Parirenyatwa Hospital, Harare, Zimbabwe. SUBJECTS: A total of 1,587 records of patients who had ocular surface tumour biopsies performed were reviewed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Period prevalence of OSSN among ocular surface tumour biopsy specimens submitted for histology during the period under review. RESULTS: The median age of patients with OSSN was significantly different from the median age of patients with other conjunctival tumours: 35 years (interquartile range [IQR] 25 to 47 years) versus 51 years (IQR 25 to 60 years), p < 0.0005 respectively. Four hundred and thirty out of 615 (70%) patients with OSSN were females. The overall period prevalence of OSSN was 615 of the total of 1,587 (38.8%). The annual prevalence of OSSN among ocular surface tumour biopsy specimens was found to be on the increase and ranged from 33% (115) in 1996 and 57.9% (165) during the year 2000. The Chi-squared test for trend analysis showed a significant upward linear trend (x2 = 27.4, p < 0.004). Fifty three percent of the tumours were OSSN, 42% were pterygium and 5% were pyogenic granulomas of the conjunctiva. CONCLUSION: OSSN is the commonest tumour of the ocular surface whose primary site is the conjunctiva. Its prevalence in Zimbabwe is on the increase and it has a predilection for females over males. Further studies on the natural history, treatment and patient profile would pave a way to better quality of patient care and establish its association with HIV/AIDS.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The rate of and indications for enucleations at Sekuru Kaguvi Eye Unit in Harare: a comparative analysis.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the rate of and indications for enucleation at Sekuru Kaguvi Eye Unit (SKEU) in Zimbabwe and compare the findings with those from other tertiary eye care centres in the developing world. DESIGN: Descriptive retrospective cross sectional study. SETTING: Sekuru Kaguvi Eye Unit, Parirenyatwa Hospital, Harare, Zimbabwe. SUBJECTS: Records of patients who had undergone enucleation at Sekuru Kaguvi Eye Unit, between January 1988 to December 2000. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Rate and indications of enucleations done at SKEU during the study period. RESULTS: Ocular tumours (64.2%) and ocular infections (26.4%) were the leading indications for enucleation and the crude incidence rate for enucleation at SKEU was 0.17% CONCLUSION: Indications for enucleation at the SKEU in Harare are similar to those experienced by other developing countries.

Adolescent↗