Biomedical subjects

R Mashiach

Publications and source records attributed to R Mashiach.

41 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

The relationship between sperm ultrastructural features and fertilizing capacity in vitro.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between ultramorphological features of the human sperm and its fertilizing capacity in vitro. DESIGN: The study was performed retrospectively. Ultrastructural features were assessed using scanning and transmission electron microscopes in sperm samples of individuals who underwent an in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment cycle no more than 6 months before the study. SETTING: Institutional clinical care. PATIENTS: Fifty-six infertile couples in whom mechanical infertility was diagnosed in the female partner. Patients were categorized as fertilizing when fertilization of at least 30% of the oocytes occurred (n = 27) and nonfertilizing when none of the oocytes fertilized in at least two consecutive IVF treatment cycles (n = 29). RESULTS: The two groups differed significantly only in ultramorphological parameters of the sperm head and acrosome (head, F(8,36) = 2.8, P less than 0.02; acrosome, F(4,40) = 2.8, P less than 0.04), and especially in the following malformation patterns: hyperelongated head, acrosome deficiency, and acrosome damage. The suggested score based on these findings was able to predict 90% and 76% of the cases with and without fertilizing potential, respectively. CONCLUSION: The ultrastructural morphology of the sperm head components is a key parameter for assessing the sperm fertilizing capacity in vitro.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Methotrexate pneumonitis in nonsurgical treatment of ectopic pregnancy.

We describe a case of pneumonitis following local administration of methotrexate for nonsurgical termination of an ectopic pregnancy. The signs and symptoms were similar to those seen with systemic use of the drug for other ailments. We believe that methotrexate represents a relatively effective alternative to surgery in patients with early unruptured tubal pregnancy, but suggest that it be used with caution in view of possible systemic toxicity.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Normal range of fetal knee movements.

Fetal limb movement abnormalities have been described to date in the literature only in subjective terms. The aim of the present study was to define objectively the normal range of fetal knee motion. The study population consisted of 240 normal fetuses at gestational age 16-39 weeks. The range of active knee motion was determined on routine prenatal ultrasound scans by measuring the angles between the midtibia, midfemur, and midknee on maximum flexion and extension. From 16 to 32 weeks, average knee flexion was 129.4 degrees (range, 120-140 degrees) and average extension was 23.7 degrees (range, 15-40 degrees). From 33 to 39 weeks, there was a gradual decrease in knee extension owing to lack of space in uterus. Knowledge of the normal range of fetal knee motion will assist clinicians in the prenatal diagnosis of neuromusculoskeletal disease.

Female↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Laparoscopically assisted myomectomy: a report of a new technique in 57 cases.

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to assess the efficacy of a combined operative laparoscopy and minilaparotomy technique to remove single and multiple large leiomyomas. PROCEDURE: Laparoscopy was used to treat associated pelvic pathology, to identify the leiomyoma(s) and bring it to a minilaparotomy incision and to remove by irrigation blood clots and debris at the end of the procedure. Through this incision, the leiomyoma(s) is grasped, shelled, morcellated, and the uterine defect is repaired in layers. RESULTS: We retrospectively evaluated the records of 57 women who underwent this procedure. The uteri ranged from 8 to 26 weeks' gestational size. The weight of the leiomyomas ranged from 28 g to 998 g (mean, 247 g); operative time ranged from 40 to 285 minutes (mean 127 minutes) and blood loss from 50 mL to 1,600 mL (mean, 267 mL). All procedures were completed without full laparotomy. Complications included one case of Klebsiella pneumonia requiring several days of antibiotics, and an incisional hernia at the minilaparotomy site. Forty-one patients were discharged on or before the first postoperative day, 12 on day 2, and four after 72 hours. Most women resumed normal activity within 3 weeks. CONCLUSION: We found laparoscopically assisted myomectomy to be a safe alternative to myomectomy by laparotomy. It is technically less difficult than laparoscopic myomectomy, allows better closure of the uterine defect, and may require less time to perform.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The contribution of prenatal sonographic diagnosis of clubfoot to preventive medicine.

From 1995 through 1997, clubfoot was detected by transabdominal sonography in 13 fetuses of 12 women, in nine bilaterally and in four unilaterally (total, 22 clubfeet). The average menstrual age at diagnosis was 23.6 weeks (range, 17-36). Three fetuses had associated malformations: two were therapeutically aborted and one died 2 weeks after birth. Proper understanding of the significance of prenatal ultrasound findings of clubfoot will assist both the orthopaedist and the parents in reaching a decision concerning future management of their pregnancy.

Clubfoot↗