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Biomedical subjects

R McGrath

Publications and source records attributed to R McGrath.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Inuit write about illness; standing on thin ice.

Although Inuit have a traditional pattern of behaviour for how to die, their culture has not provided a pattern for how to be seriously sick or disabled, since such conditions did not last long in a hunting-gathering society. Tuberculosis provided Canadian Inuit with a harsh and bitter lesson in how to be sick in the twentieth century. The tuberculosis experience is an important part of modern Inuit history and an understanding of how they viewed it goes some way towards explaining some of the attitudes Inuit have toward the health system in the North today. The way Inuit regard illness is evident in their traditional oral literature as well as in more recent written accounts of the disease that devastated their lives only a few decades ago.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Antibiosis of some lactic acid bacteria including Lactobacillus acidophilus toward Listeria monocytogenes.

Eleven strains of lactic acid bacteria were tested by the 'spot' on the 'lawn' method for their antagonistic activity against four strains of Listeria monocytogenes. Four out of the five strains of lactic acid bacteria most antagonistic toward the pathogen were those cultures known to produce bacteriocins. Four other strains of lactic acid bacteria were not antagonistic against Listeria by this method. Seventeen inhibition zones of the pathogen were obtained at 25 degrees C as compared to 10 at 32 degrees C. Lactobacillus acidophilus strains NU-A and 88, growing in the presence of L. monocytogenes in milk prevented the latter from attaining populations it would have in pure culture (P less than 0.01). 10(1.4)-10(3.5) lower numbers were noted. L. acidophilus in most cases exhibited a bacteriostatic effect toward the pathogen except for strain 88 which appeared to have a bactericidal effect (P less than 0.01) against Listeria strain OH. The lactobacilli reduced the pH of the milk to 4.7 over a 24 h period, showing that acid played a role in the observed antibiosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The measurement of depression: enhancing the predictive validity of the Beck Depression Inventory.

Investigated whether the predictive validity of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) could be enhanced by having Ss complete the BDI under regular vs. a 6-week projected response set. Six hundred students participated in the initial screening phase, in which they were administered the BDI under both standard and projected instructional sets. Two groups were identified: High initial-high projected (N = 17) and high initial-low projected (N = 20). Additionally, a low initial-low projected control group (N = 13) was selected. At 5 to 6 weeks follow-up, these Ss again completed the BDI and were administered the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression as a criterion check. Except for the low-low group, which changed little at follow-up, the final BDIs were lower than initial BDIs. However, projected BDIs provided for more accurate classification than the initial screening BDI. Also, projected BDI scores were significant predictors of both final BDIs and the Hamilton ratings, whereas initial BDIs did not correlate significantly with either criterion. These data suggest that projected BDI protocols could serve as a practical alternative to more costly or time-consuming methods of selection of research populations.

Adult↗
PubMed1971

Stroke patients.

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Cerebrovascular Disorders↗