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Biomedical subjects

R Meyer

Publications and source records attributed to R Meyer.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The ankyrin repeat domains of the NF-kappa B precursor p105 and the protooncogene bcl-3 act as specific inhibitors of NF-kappa B DNA binding.

The inducible pleiotropic transcription factor NF-kappa B is composed of two subunits, p50 and p65. The p50 subunit is encoded on the N-terminal half of a 105-kDa open reading frame and contains a rel-like domain. To date, no function has been described for the C-terminal portion. We show here that the C-terminal half of p105, when expressed as a separate molecule, binds to p50 and can rapidly disrupt protein-DNA complexes of p50 or native NF-kappa B. Deletion analysis of this precursor-derived inhibitor activity indicated a domain containing ankyrin-like repeats as necessary for inhibition. The protooncogene bcl-3, which contains seven ankyrin repeats, can equally inhibit p50 DNA binding. These observations identify bcl-3 as an inhibitor of NF-kappa B and strongly suggest that the ankyrin repeats in these factors are involved in protein-protein interactions with the rel-like domain of p50. Comparison with other ankyrin repeat-containing proteins suggests that a subclass of these proteins acts as regulators of rel-like transcription factors.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

L-696,474, a novel cytochalasin as an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease. I. The producing organism and its fermentation.

A novel cytochalasin, L-696,474, (18-dehydroxy cytochalasin H) that inhibits HIV-1 protease was discovered in fermentations of a bark-inhabiting Ascomycete, Hypoxylon fragiforme. The product was first identified from extracts of an agar medium. Fermentation studies on a number of media indicated that the product can be made on several solid and liquid media. Optimum production was obtained from growth in a complex medium composed of glycerol, glucose, citrate, Ardamine, soybean meal, tomato paste, and inorganic salts. Other Hypoxylon spp., related species of Xylariales, and other fungi known to produce cytochalasins, were also surveyed for their ability to make L-696,474. Only one other Hypoxylon fragiforme isolate was found to make this novel cytochalasin; none of the other cultures surveyed made L-696,474 or any other compounds which inhibit HIV-1 protease.

Ascomycota↗
PubMed1992

[Refinement of partial and total reconstruction of the nose].

In this surgical field, sophisticated refinements of the complex structures of the tip, the alae and the columella are required to achieve a corrected rather than a reconstructed appearance of the nose. The conventional corrective rhinoplasty should complete the reconstructive work. Apart from skin grafts and composite grafts for small repairs, the author currently uses only the fronto-parieto-occipital flap (Galvao) for total reconstruction, and the fronto-temporal flap (Schmid-Meyer), as well as the complex frontal island flap with the supratrochlear artery as pedicle for partial repairs. The author has abandoned several other techniques. The principle of the two last techniques consists in the preformation of the apico-columello-alar structure with the appropriate skin and cartilage grafts already in the donor area. For the correction of secondary stenoses, the author occassionally uses composite grafts from the interior aspect of the auricular crus helicis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Repair techniques in perforations of the nasal septum].

According to my experience extending over more than 20 years (more than 100 cases) in the treatment of septal perforations, I have the deep conviction that all techniques using local flaps should actually be considered to be obsolete, as the blood supply is insufficient. Perforations with diameter up to 4 cm can be closed in a one stage procedure with extensive dissection of the muco-perichondrium and mucoperiosteum of the septum, the vault and the vestibular and cavity floor. The hole in the quadrangular plate can be reduced by a push back or push down manoeuver of part of the cartilage. For closure of perforations larger than 4 cm in diameter, I use a 2-3 stage procedure using a composite buccal flap with three layers (mucosa-cartilage and mucosa) and a gingivo-labial pedicle. Thus all kinds and sizes of perforations can be closed surgically avoiding the use of silicone obturators which only enlarge the hole.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Effect of air pollutants on the health of the Annaberg district population with special reference to acute respiratory tract diseases].

From 1978 to 1988 in the district of Annaberg (Saxony, state frontier to Czechoslovakia) investigations were accomplished to assess the state of health in people living there. The southern part of the district rises to a crest (Saxon Ore Mountain). It is influenced by air pollution from Northern Bohemia. The incidence of acute infections of the upper airways showed a remarkable dependence on the degree of air pollution in the age groups up to 18 years, especially in the group of infants. In the polluted area (high overload) the morbidity of infants was 7-fold in relation to the unpolluted area of the district. In the polluted area when temperature was lower than -5 degrees C the incidence of acute respiratory infections in infants closely correlated (r = 0.90) with the concentration of SO2 in ambient air. In the town Annaberg (urban air pollution) the frequency of absence of children from school caused by acute respiratory infections was elvated in relation to the rural parts of the district, but there were no differences among these rural parts. In the polluted area the severe stages of cardiorespiratory diseases were passed through with evident acceleration. In healthy adults living there the mean values for immunoglobulins of class A and class M tended to be elevated, and in school children the antibody titers against influenza A and B were increased.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1992

[Morphological and histomorphometric characterization of the myocardium in patients with aorto-coronary venous bypass. An autopsy study].

Morphological and histomorphometric investigations were performed in 29 autopsy hearts from patients with aorto-coronary venous bypass. 14 of them (48%) had died of acute myocardial infarction or re-infarction and 9 (31%) of postoperative cardiac failure. Bypasses had been obstructed by thrombi in nearly 50% of those who died of infarction. Average heart weight of 548 +/- 128 g was found to be correlated with the left-ventricular myocardial cell diameter, but it did not reflect the extent of hypertrophy in chronically insufficient hearts. Stenotic coronary arteriosclerosis and increase in left-ventricular connective tissue in the myocardium to a level of 19.5 +/- 6.0 vol. % completed the pattern of severest cardiac damage and were of substantially adverse impact upon postoperative survival of patients thus affected.

Aged↗