Biomedical subjects

R Miike

Publications and source records attributed to R Miike.

41 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1985

Vitamin E and benign breast "disease": a double-blind, randomized clinical trial.

We report here the results of a double-blind, randomized trial of the effect of vitamin E on clinically palpable benign breast findings. Seventy-three women who attended a breast screening clinic were assigned randomly to either a daily regimen of 600 IU vitamin E (n = 37) or a placebo (n = 36). At the initial visit sociomedical information was obtained for each patient and breast examination performed, with a score ranging from 0 to 4 recorded for each quadrant of both breasts. Thirty-two women in the vitamin E group and 30 in the placebo group returned for follow-up breast examination approximately 2 months later. Scores for mean ages and breast findings at entry were similar for women in the two groups. We found no differences between the vitamin E and placebo groups in scores for changes in breast findings at the end of the study period and no differences in the proportion of women who reported feeling less premenstrual pain (40.0% and 41.4%, respectively). We conclude that in this group of women with breast findings, most of which were not currently serious enough to warrant biopsy, there was no beneficial effect of vitamin E taken during a 2-month course.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Are prior head injuries or diagnostic X-rays associated with glioma in adults? The effects of control selection bias.

The causes of glioma, the most common type of primary malignant brain tumors, are poorly understood. This study compares personal histories of head injury and diagnostic radiation procedures of the head and neck among 476 adults newly diagnosed with glioma in the San Francisco Bay Area between August of 1991 and April of 1994 (82% of all those diagnosed during that time period) with 462 age-, gender-, and ethnicity-frequency-matched controls (63% of those eligible from random digit dialing). In addition, limited information was obtained from 101 controls during a brief telephone interview conducted with controls who declined participation in the lengthy in-person interview. Controls who participated in the full interview were much more likely than controls who only completed the telephone interview to report head injury [odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were 2.3 (1.0-4.9) and 3.0 (1.6-5.8) for women and men, respectively]. The OR for any head injury in cases versus controls who completed the full interview was 0.9. However, OR for any head injury in cases versus both control groups was 1.3, 95% CI (1.0-1.7), and the OR for head injury for which the subject sought medical attention was 1.1, 95% CI (0.8-1.4). Among subjects completing the full interview, cases who responded by self-report were less likely than controls to report prior non-dental head and neck X-rays (OR = 0.7; 95% CI: 0.5-1.0). However, stratification by respondents' history of head injury indicated no difference in history of head and neck X-ray among those without prior head injury; OR 0.9; 95% CI (0.6-1.2). Cases and controls shared a very similar history of dental procedures and frequency of dental visits. These results suggest that head injury requiring medical attention, dental visits, or non-dental diagnostic X-rays to the head and neck are not important contributors to the risk of adult glioma and reveal some of the methodological obstacles encountered in forming convincing conclusions about these risk factors for brain tumors.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The association of dietary fat with ability to obtain breast fluid by nipple aspiration.

The ability to obtain breast fluid by nipple aspiration was examined in relation to self-reported dietary fat intake in 1347 white and 153 black women. Study participants were between 20 and 59 years of age, were not pregnant or breastfeeding, and had no history of breast cancer. The proportion of women from whom nipple aspirate fluid was obtained increased with increasing dietary fat consumption; the odds ratio for obtaining breast fluid was 1.4 (95% confidence interval, 1.0-1.8) in white women who consumed over 90 g of fat/day compared with those who consumed less than 50 g of fat/day, adjusting for age, smoking, and parity. Among black women, the association was much stronger; the odds ratio for obtaining nipple aspirate fluid in those who consumed over 90 g of fat/day was 3.6 (95% confidence interval, 1.3-10.1) compared with those who consumed less than 50 g of fat/day. In both blacks and whites, the associations were most pronounced in women aged 30-44 years. These findings suggest a relationship between dietary fat consumption and breast secretion.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Association of abnormal nipple aspirate cytology and mammographic pattern and density.

The pattern and density of mammograms have been shown to be associated with proliferative histopathology and an increased risk of breast cancer. We recently found that epithelial atypia in nipple aspirate fluid obtained 10-18 years earlier was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. In the present study we examined the association between the cytology of nipple aspirate fluid and mammographic patterns in 588 volunteers recruited from the mammography clinic at the University of California. Nipple aspirate fluid cytology was classified according to the most severe epithelial change present and mammograms were classified by the Wolfe method and the percentage area of density. A direct relationship was found between mammographic density and cytological abnormality. When controlled for age, body mass index, previous biopsy, and calcification, the odds ratios of high density mammograms (over 50%) with nipple aspirate fluid cytological atypia was 4.4 (95% confidence interval, 0.9-21.5; P = 0.08) when normal cytology was the referent. These preliminary findings indicate that highly dense mammograms are associated with cytological atypia and are consistent with studies reporting an association of histological hyperplasia and atypical hyperplasia with severe mammographic findings. If confirmed by further studies, nipple aspirate cytology may be a useful adjunct to mammographic patterns in the prediction of breast cancer risk, especially among premenopausal women.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Gross cystic disease fluid protein in nipple aspirates of breast fluid of Asian and non-Asian women.

Gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 (GCDFP-15) is universally present in the apocrine metaplastic epithelium of cystic breast disease and breast cancer, but it is rarely found in normal breast epithelium. Therefore GCDFP-15 detected in nipple aspirates of breast fluid (NAF) could serve as a biochemical marker of the presence and possibly extent of apocrine metaplasia within the breast. GCDFP-15 levels were measured in NAF from 37 Asian and 78 non-Asian women using radioimmunoassay. GCDFP-15 (range, 0-81,643 micrograms/ml) was found in the NAF of all but 1 woman and was highly correlated between right and left breasts. Mean concentrations of GCDFP-15 were significantly lower in NAF from Asian compared with non-Asian women. Markedly reduced levels of GCDFP-15 were found in the 17 women who had been parous in the previous 2 years. In women not parous within the prior 2 years, no relationship was found between GCDFP-15 levels and age, weight, age at menarche, first-degree family history of breast cancer, parity, oral contraceptive use, or smoking history. High concentrations of GCDFP-15 were found in the NAF of women with a history of a benign breast biopsy. Because similarly high levels of GCDFP-15 were found in NAF in over 40% of women without a history of benign breast biopsy, and because GCDFP-15 in the breast is produced only by apocrine metaplastic epithelium, we infer that the breasts of these women likely contain a significant degree of apocrine metaplasia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗