Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R Mittal.
Giant cell tumor rarely occurs in ribs, where it presents posteriorly. We present a report of a giant cell tumor of bone occurring anteriorly in the rib with a review of the literature.
High-potency adsorbates of chloroquine phosphate (CQP) were prepared by the batch method using a polyacrylic acid ion-exchange resin. Taste evaluation of the adsorbates shows significant masking of the bitterness of the drug. The complex formation was complete at pH 6.0. Stability studies at 37 degrees C, 45 degrees C, and 60 degrees C indicated that the complex was stable at all conditions for 1 month. In vitro release studies revealed complete drug elution from the complex at pH 1.2 and 2.0.
Oxygen radical injury and lipid peroxidation have been suggested as major causes of atherosclerosis, cancer, liver disease and the aging process. Piperine, having an antiinflammatory effect, has been demonstrated in in vitro experiments to protect against oxidative damage by inhibiting or quenching free radicals and reactive oxygen species and hydroxyl radicals. The effect on lipid peroxidation was also examined and IC50 values were calculated. Piperine was found to act as a hydroxyl radical scavenger at low concentrations, but at higher concentrations, it activated the fenton reaction resulting in increased generation of hydroxyl radicals. Whereas it acts as a powerful superoxide scavenger and IC50 is 1.82 mM, a 52% inhibition of lipid peroxidation was observed at a dose of 1400 microM with an IC50 of 1.23 mM. The results depict that piperine possesses direct antioxidant activity against various free radicals. This study also opens newer views on the potential efficacy of piperine in protecting tissues from peroxidative damage.
OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical profile at presentation and on follow up in cases of Wilson's disease presenting at this hospital. METHODS: Case records of children diagnosed as Wilson's disease (WD) admitted in the hospital or attending the Pediatric outpatient department were retrospectively studied with regard to clinical features, investigations, and family screening at the time of presentation. Note was made of the treatment received by the patients. Clinical profile on follow up was recorded with respect to side effects of treatment, and whether patient improved, deteriorated or remained the same, either from the records or by calling the patient for a follow up, if possible. RESULTS: Analysis of 25 children with Wilson's disease comprising 19 index cases and 6 siblings detected on family screening, revealed mean age of onset for the hepatic presentation was 6.8 years versus 8 years for the neurologic patient. A quarter of index cases has a family history strongly suspicious for Wilson disease which has been earlier overlooked. Clinical presentation was hepatic in 5 patients, purely neurologic in 5, mixed hepatic and neurologic in 9, hemolytic anemia in 1 and polyarthritis in 1. Patients received treatment with D penicillamine, zinc, pyridoxine and low copper diet. Follow upon 18 patients revealed improvement in majority, residual dysarthria in seven,prolonged persistence of KF rings in 15 and complications like renal tubular acidosis with osteopenia in one. CONCLUSION: The early age of onset of symptoms, prolonged KF rings persistence and progression of symptoms among sibs despite therapy is of interest as it may be related to a high copper intake, which may be due to the practice of using brass or copper utensils for cooking Since a large number of children has either a past history of jaundice or sibling deaths due to jaundice or cirrhosis, a high index of suspicion and screening for KF rings is emphasized as a simple and cost effective way of detecting a curable disease at an early stage and family screening of all index cases is imperative. Progression of symptoms among sibs on oral zinc and low dose pencillamine suggests inadequacy of zinc alone for prophylaxis.
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In 44 patients with tuberculosis of the foot we identified five radiological patterns of lesions; cystic, rheumatoid, subperiosteal, kissing and spina ventosa. Cystic destruction had the best outcome and rheumatoid the poorest. All the patients were cured after antituberculous treatment for 18 months, and none required surgery.
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We have reviewed 26 patients treated by trapezius transfer for deltoid paralysis due to brachial plexus injury or old poliomyelitis. We assessed the power of shoulder abduction and the tendency for subluxation. There were good results in 16 patients (60%); five were fair and five poor. Trapezius transfer appears to give reasonable results in the salvage of abductor paralysis of the shoulder.
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AlF4- has long been known to associate with and activate the GDP-bound alpha subunits of heterotrimeric G-proteins. Recently the small guanine nucleotide binding protein Ras has also been shown to associate with AlF4- in the presence of stoichiometric amounts of its GTPase activating protein (GAP). Here we present the isolation of a stable Ras x GDP- x AlF4- x GAP ternary complex by gel filtration. In addition, we generalise the association of AlF4- with the small GTP-binding proteins by demonstrating ternary complex formation for the Cdc42, Rap and Ran proteins in the presence of their respective GAP proteins.
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A case of reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) after total hip replacement (THR) is reported. It is a very unusual cause of pain after any arthroplasty procedure. Three-phase bone imaging diagnosed the condition and sympathetic blockade was used for confirming and treating the condition. The role of the bone scan in differentiating RSD from other causes of pain after THR is highlighted.
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We present our experience on the comparison of three different modes of steroid therapy, oral prednisolone (OP), intravenous dexamethasone (IVDX) and intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) in the treatment of acute rejection (AR) in renal allograft recipients. Between January 1980 and January 1992, 206 patients underwent live related renal transplantation. Before 1990, all received prednisolone (PRED) and azathioprine (AZA) only. After 1990, patients were given PRED, AZA and cyclosporine (CsA). After 1 year, CsA was stopped and patients were converted to a two-drug regimen only. Of the 206 patients, 180 (87.4%) were male and mean age was 30.3+/-8.7 years (range 14-63). During the mean follow-up of 43.5 months, 178 episodes of AR were seen in 121 patients. Each episode was considered as a separate entrant in the study. Conventional immunosuppression was given in 151 episodes and 27 episodes were on triple-drug therapy. Diagnosis of AR was made by clinical, sonography, nuclear scan with or without graft biopsy evidence. Of the 178 AR, 110 (61.8%) were within 3 months, 36 (20.2%) were between 3 months and 1 year and 32 (18%) were after 1 year. OP was given in 11 cases while IVDX and IVMP were given in 48 and 119 cases respectively. Overall, 154 (86%) showed either a complete or partial response to antirejection therapy. Response to therapy was 91, 90 and 85% in OP, IVDX and IVMP groups respectively. There was no statistical difference in response rate in different groups. There was also no difference in side effects in three different groups. Our data suggest that it is the high dose of steroid rather than mode of therapy which is responsible for therapeutic benefit in treatment of AR.