Effects of insulin on intracellular magnesium of platelets.
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Adenosine Triphosphate↗
Biomedical subjects
R Miyazaki
Publications and source records attributed to R Miyazaki.
[Case of p-ANCA-positive rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis requiring hemodialysis: effectiveness of anti-MPO antibody determiantion in predicting pulmonary hemorrhage].
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Aged↗
Management of giant common bile duct stones in high-risk patients using a combined transhepatic and endoscopic approach.
BACKGROUND: Endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) for removing common bile duct stones is regarded as the safest and most successful method, particularly in patients with a high surgical risk. However, giant immobile stones still continue to present a therapeutic problem. METHODS: In our 12 patients, when endoscopic sphincterotomy and lithotomy proved to be unsuccessful a transhepatic choledochoscopic lithotomy was attempted. RESULTS: The stones were fragmented using choledochoscopic electrohydraulic lithotripsy and then were completely removed through both the transhepatic route and an EST opening in all 12 patients. The number of sessions required for these choledochoscopic procedures combined with EST was fewer than that required for only a transhepatic approach (2.5 +/- 1.3 versus 3.2 +/- 1.2), which thus resulted in a shorter hospital stay. Minor complications occurred in three patients with bleeding (two from the bile duct, one from the EST opening) and in two with postprocedure chills and fever. CONCLUSIONS: A combined lithotomy through duodenoscopic and choledochoscopic approaches is considered to be an efficient method for removing giant biliary calculi in patients who are not successfully treated by an ordinary duodenoscopic lithotomy.
Aged↗
Apolipoprotein E and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin in dialysis-related amyloidosis.
Dialysis-related amyloidosis as represented by carpal tunnel syndrome is a serious complication of long-term dialysis treatment of patients with chronic renal failure. beta 2-microglobulin has been identified as a structural component of the amyloid deposits, but other factors also are associated with amyloid formation. We recently demonstrated the presence of apolipoprotein E and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin in the amyloid deposits. We therefore analyzed how polymorphic variants of both genes were related to the onset of amyloidosis. Among the apolipoprotein E genotypes, allele epsilon 2 represented a protective factor that delayed the onset of disease. In contrast, polymorphic alpha 1-antichymotrypsin alleles had no effect on the onset of amyloidosis. Thus, the apolipoprotein E epsilon 2 allele can be added to the list of factors that determine the onset of dialysis-related amyloidosis, which include patient age at initiation of dialysis therapy, dialysis duration, and the dialysis membrane used.
Amyloidosis↗
[A study on the prognosis of patients with asbestos pleurisy].
We investigated the outcome of patients with asbestos pleurisy. The mean follow-up period of 12 patients was 6.5 +/- 3.7 years. Recurrence occurred in 5 patients (41.7%). Six of the cases recurred contralateral to the original lesion, while one recurred ipsilaterally. The mean period from onset to recurrence was 2.8 +/- 2.8 years. Five of the cases ended in death, and the mean period from onset to death was 5.0 +/- 3.1 years. Two patients died from pneumonia, 2 died from respiratory failure due to progressive pleural fibrosis, and 1 died from lung cancer. One of the 2 patients with progressive pleural fibrosis had leukopenia. It has been reported that the majority of cases of asbestos pleurisy resolve spontaneously, with a good prognosis. However, because of the possible mortality associated with respiratory failure caused by progressive pleural fibrosis, it seems prudent to follow patients with asbestos pleurisy closely.
Aged↗
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus induced by lobenzarit disodium treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) occurred in a 43-year-old woman who had received lobenzarit disodium for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Her urine output was initially 3 l/day and urine osmolarity was 203 mOsm/l. Based on a sodium chloride loading test and a vasopressin loading test, she was diagnosed as having lobenzarit-induced NDI. Seven days after the cessation of the use of lobenzarit disodium, polydipsia and polyuria disappeared, and the vasopressin test showed a normal response. These findings suggest that lobenzarit induces a reversible form of NDI as a side effect. The reports of lobenzarit-induced NDI in Japan during the past seven years are also reviewed.
Adult↗
[Study on correlation between chest X-P course findings and change in antinuclear antibody in asbestos plant employees].
In order to investigate the correlation between a course of chest radiograms and changes in antinuclear antibody (ANA), 140 asbestos workers who had a chest radiogram and measurement of ANA in 1987 and had been working in the same plant were given the same examination again in 1992. In the group who showed a change in ANA to positive, the progression of pulmonary asbestosis was significantly higher than in the group who remained negative. Progression in pleural lesions was not significantly correlated.
Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
Local gastric and serum concentrations of rebamipide following oral administration to patients with chronic gastritis.
The potential anti-ulcer action of rebamipide (CAS 11911-87-6, OPC-12759) on experimental and clinical injury to the gastric mucosa depends on its presence in sufficient concentration in the gastric mucosa. To investigate its local penetration, rebamipide levels in the gastric mucosa and serum were measured. A dose of 100 mg of rebamipide was given orally (tablet) to patients with chronic gastritis (n = 32). Gastroscopy was performed between 22 and 353 min after drug ingestion. Venous blood was sampled for determination of serum concentrations. Samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The maximal concentration in the gastric mucosa was reached after 30-60 min, and the concentration remained elevated for about 120 min thereafter. The mean mucosal concentration of rebamipide between 30 and 120 min after ingestion was 60.0 +/- 109.8 micrograms/g of tissue, which was higher than 0.1 mmol/l (37 micrograms/g of tissue). The serum concentration of rebamipide peaked about 30-60 min after drug ingestion and remained elevated for about 5 h thereafter. The mean serum concentration of rebamipide between 30 and 120 min after ingestion was 0.25 +/- 0.23 microgram/ml, being below the level of 1.0 mumol/l (0.37 microgram/ml). Data indicate that the concentration of rebamipide in the gastric mucosa resulted from local penetration, and suggest that the blood level and systemic distribution of rebamipide have little effect on its antioxidative and anti-neutrophilic activities.
Adult↗
[Colonic stricture due to acute pancreatitis--the examination of our cases and the past reports in Japan].
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Acute Disease↗
Acromegalic gigantism with low serum level of growth hormone and elevated serum insulin-like growth factor-I.
In a case of acromegalic gigantism with hyperprolactinemia is reported, the basal serum growth hormone (GH) levels ranged from 1.2 to 1.9 ng/ml. Serum GH response to either insulin-induced hypoglycemia or GH-releasing hormone was blunted. Frequent blood sampling showed non-pulsatile GH secretion. Serum prolactin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels were elevated. After unsuccessful surgery, bromocriptine treatment normalized serum prolactin without affecting serum GH and IGF-I levels. Combined administration of octreotide with bromocriptine reduced serum GH and IGF-I levels. In this case, non-pulsatile GH secretion and enhanced tissue sensitivity to GH may induce hypersecretion of IGF-I and cause clinical acromegalic gigantism.
Acromegaly↗
Apolipoprotein E5 and E7 in apparently healthy Japanese males: frequencies and relation to plasma lipid levels.
In order to determine the frequencies of apolipoproteins (apo) E5 and E7 and their relation to plasma lipid levels, apo E phenotypes were determined in 608 healthy Japanese male adults by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Apo E5 and E7 were observed in 2.8% of the subjects, in addition to the three common apo E isoforms, E2, E3, and E4. Apo E5 was divided into two subtypes based on the migration rate on SDS/PAGE, E5f is the type with faster migration and E5s slower migration. The gene frequencies were: the epsilon 3 allele, 0.841; the epsilon 4 allele, 0.095; the epsilon 2 allele, 0.049; the epsilon 7 allele, 0.009; the epsilon 5 allele encoding apo E5f (the epsilon 5f allele), 0.004; and the epsilon 5 allele encoding apo E5s (the epsilon 5s allele), 0.001. The five individuals with apo E5f and the eleven with apo E7 were heterozygotes and normocholesterolemic. Also plasma apo B and apo E levels were not increased in any subjects with apo E5f or apo E7. The data suggests that apo E5f and E7 are not rare in the Japanese population but that neither apo E5f nor E7 are associated with hypercholesterolemia in most of the heterozygotes.
Adult↗
[Tumor necrosis factor alpha in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and its production by alveolar macrophages with asbestos exposure].
It is generally accepted that asbestos exposure causes pulmonary fibrosis and carcinogenesis. Several studies have suggested that TNF alpha is produced principally by mononuclear phagocytes and that it may play a role in inflammation, fibrosis and anti-tumor activity. We studied TNF alpha production by alveolar macrophages and the TNF alpha concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid harvested from asbestos-exposed subjects and healthy controls. TNF alpha production by alveolar macrophages was significantly higher in the asbestos-exposed subjects than in healthy controls (3696 +/- 1606, 1938 +/- 753 pg/ml; p < 0.01). The period from first exposure correlated inversely with TNF alpha production (r = -0.6; p < 0.05). The TNF alpha concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was also significantly higher in the asbestos-exposed subjects than in healthy controls. These results suggest that abnormal TNF alpha production by alveolar macrophages may be related to fibrosis and carcinogenesis due to asbestos.
Adult↗
High degree of genetic polymorphism in apolipoprotein(a) associated with plasma lipoprotein(a) levels in Japanese and Chinese populations.
We have developed a sensitive, high-resolutin method for the analysis of the apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)] isoforms using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-agarose/gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In an analysis of the genetic polymorphism of apo(a) isoforms and their relationship with plasma lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels in Japanese and Chinese, this method identified 25 different apo(a) isoforms and detected one or two apo(a) isoforms in more than 99.5% of the individuals tested. The apparent molecular weights of the apo(a) isoforms ranged from 370 kDa to 950 kDa, and 22 of the 25 different apo(a) isoforms had a higher molecular weight than of apo B-100. Studies on Japanese families confirmed the autosomal codominant segregation of apo(a) isoforms and the existence of a null allele at the apo(a) locus. The observed frequency distribution of apo(a) isoform phenotypes fit the expectations of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both the Japanese and Chinese populations. Our data indicate the existence of at least 26 alleles, including a null allele, at the apo(a) locus. The frequency distribution patterns of the apo(a) isoform alleles in Japanese and Chinese were similar to each other and also similar to that of apo(a) gene sizes reported in Caucasian American individuals. The average heterozygosity at the apo(a) locus was 92% in Japanese and 93% in Chinese. A highly significant inverse correlation was observed between plasma Lp(a) levels and the size of apo(a) isoforms in both the Japanese (r = 0.677, P = 0.0001) and the Chinese (r = -0.703, P = 0.0001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Alleles↗
Branch duct origin of solid type pancreatic ductal carcinoma.
A case of branch duct origin of solid type pancreatic ductal carcinoma is presented. Stepwise tissue sections of an entire specimen, including the carcinoma area, and mapping, with special reference to the relationship between the main duct and the carcinoma area, were performed. Carcinoma cells of the branch duct showed intraductal spread with minimal stromal invasion. No carcinoma tissue was observed in the main duct. Therefore this case was considered to be of branch duct origin. The finding of histologically identified branch duct origin of solid type pancreatic ductal carcinoma indicates a distinct advantage to be gained by giving special attention to both the main and branch ducts when using image diagnosis for early detection of carcinomas, and may represent the first reported surgically resected case.
Humans↗
[Study on the relationship between appearance of autoantibodies and chest X-ray findings of asbestos plant employees].
Antinuclear factor (ANA) and rheumatoid factor (RF) were determined in 220 employees of an asbestos plant. The relationship of the appearance of the two factors to sex, age, smoking habit, duration of asbestos exposure and asbestos exposure level was studied. In 207 employees who had chest roentgenograms, the relationship of these two factors to pulmonary lesions and pleural lesions was examined. Of the 220 employees, 33 (15%) had ANA and 7 employees (3.2%) had RF. ANA positive rate in the asbestos plant employees was significantly higher than in the control. Factors significantly correlated to their appearance could not be demonstrated. With the progress of pulmonary lesions the ANA positive rate significantly elevated, but ANA positive rate was not significantly correlated with pleural lesions. RF did not show any significant correlation with any of the factors.
Adult↗
[Interleukin-1 beta production by alveolar macrophages in cases of asbestos exposure].
In order to investigate the role of interleukin-1 beta secreted by alveolar macrophages in the pathogenesis of pulmonary asbestosis, we performed bronchoalveolar lavage on 12 asbestos-exposed subjects and 10 control subjects, and measured interleukin-1 beta secreted by alveolar macrophages. Interleukin-1 beta production was increased in the asbestos-exposed subjects compared to control subjects (3.1 +/- 2.2 ng/ml versus 0.8 +/- 0.4 ng/ml, p < 0.05). The period after retirement was inversely correlated with interleukin-1 beta production (r = -0.67, p < 0.05). We divided non-smoking asbestos-exposed subjects into two subgroups based on the radiographical profusion according to the ILO classification. The advanced group was defined as grade 2 or greater profusion, and the early group was defined as grade 1 or lower profusion. We found higher production of IL-1 beta in the early group than in the advanced group.
Aged↗
[Sequential changes of HPV DNA, the expression of EGF-R and CD-14, and histopathological findings in HPV infected benign epithelium and dysplastic lesions of the uterine cervix].
In regard to cases in which HPV DNA was detected in the uterine cervix by the Southern blot method, we studied both changes in HPV DNA and histological diagnosis, and moreover we studied the relationship between CD-14 (monocyte/macrophage), EGF-R, and HPV DNA. 1) Changes in HPV DNA, regardless of the HPV type in benign lesions of the uterine cervix, almost all became negative within 1 year. 2) In 1 year benign lesions, the manifestation frequency of CD-14 was higher from the initial examination and during the subsequent 3 months when HPV DNA was detected. 3) HPV DNA in cases of mild dysplasia was detected after 1 year in 41% (7/17), but it continued for 3 years only in 3 cases. 4) Cases of moderate to severe dysplasia, which are though to have developed cancer at an early period of within 1-1.5 years included 26.7% (4/15), and HPV DNA was continually detected in them. The characteristics of these cases were: (1) The HPV 16 type was the main type. (2) The mean age was 34.8 years, which was younger than in regressed cases with a mean age of 43.1 years. (3) The dysplasia occupation rate in the uterine cervix was higher. 5) In 7 cases of moderate to severe dysplasia which regressed from squamous metaplasia, HPV DNA was detected at 1 year in 71.4% (5/7), but at 2-3 years it became undetectable in all cases, so that it has a close relationship with this histological regression.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
[Development and factors related to the appearance of diaphragmatic pleural calcifications--follow up study of employees in an asbestos plant].
Seventy-eight subjects who had continuously worked for more than 25 years until 1985 in an asbestos plant were investigated for diaphragmatic pleural lesions (mainly calcifications) on chest roentgenograms. Diaphragmatic pleural lesions were found in 21 cases (32 sites). Among these cases, calcifications were found in 18 cases (26 sites) and bilateral calcifications in 8 cases. In retrospective observation, 19 sites initially showed diaphragmatic protuberant shadows, and of these, 13 sites subsequently showed calcification in the same positions. The duration between first exposure and appearance of calcification ranged from 15 years to 31 years. The duration of exposure was significantly correlated to the appearance of diaphragmatic pleural calcification, whereas age, smoking habit, and exposure level showed no significant correlation.
Adult↗