PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Mokka

Publications and source records attributed to R Mokka.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Morphological effects of photodynamic therapy on rabbit bladder using Photofrin II and Photosan intravesically and intravenously.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has proved effective against superficial papillary bladder tumours and focal and diffuse carcinoma in situ. Effective topical administration of the sensitiser would be a welcome improvement. The morphological effects of PDT on the normal bladder were examined in 13 rabbits when 2 photosensitisers (Photofrin II and Photosan III) were applied intravesically (5 mg/kg for 1 h) and compared with intravenous administration (3 or 5 mg/kg). Four animals served as controls without a sensitiser. Intravesical red light (630 nm) from an argon dye laser was used to activate the photosensitiser, using light doses of 12 or 24 J/cm2. The animals were sacrificed either 1 or 5 to 7 days after the laser treatment. Intravenous dosage induced bladder wall oedema/haemorrhage and total necrosis of the epithelium. There was no difference between the effects of the 2 sensitisers. Intravesical application induced superficial epithelial necrosis. The control animals treated with laser light alone showed slight superficial injury to the cell layer.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1991

Chronic prosthetic vascular graft infection visualized with technetium-99m-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime-labeled leukocytes.

Technetium-99m-HMPAO labeled leukocytes demonstrated chronic femoro-femoral prosthetic vascular graft infection several times during an 18-mo period in a 77-yr-old man. The intensity and distribution of the uptake in the graft were fluctuating in different imaging occasions possibly indicating the strength and location of the infection. Gallium-67-citrate imaging showed negative results twice. The reason for negative 67Ga results remained obscure. The infected graft was removed and the patient did well 5 mo postoperatively.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Septic Haemophilus influenzae polyarthritis demonstrated best with Tc-99m HMPAO labeled leukocytes.

A 5-year-old girl with fever and tenderness in her left wrist and right ankle was hospitalized. Bone scanning and Tc-99m labeled leukocyte imaging showed increased uptake in these joints and also in her left knee. These radionuclide methods helped determine the diagnosis and were superior to plain radiography and CT scanning. Uptake was greater on leukocyte imaging than it was on the bone scan. The patient had infectious polyarthritis caused by Haemophilus influenzae, which is a very rare cause of acute polyarthritis in children older than 2 years. The patient fully recovered with antibiotic therapy, and no surgical procedure was needed.

Ankle Joint↗
PubMed1990

Renorrhaphy with a polyglycolic acid mesh.

In recent years resorbable polyglycolic acid mesh has been successfully used in the treatment of splenic injuries. The use of a resorbable mesh seems promising also in the treatment of renal injuries and in the rare ruptures of renal allografts. The authors report their own experience in the use of resorbable polyglycolic acid mesh in the treatment of a renal injury.

Child↗
PubMed1977

The in vitro oxidative metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene in human liver measured by different assays.

The specific metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene (BP) in adult human liver samples was studied by using triated BP and thin-layer chromatographic separation of metabolites and by using the conventional fluorometric assay. The incubation in vitro of BP with human liver homogenates yielded the usual pattern of metabolites, including several dihydrodiols, phenols and quinones, as well as products bound convalently to protein. Interindividual variation in the production of different metabolites were very large, several ten-fold. The over-all metabolism was inhibited by aminopyrine and SKF 525A but not by 7,8-benzoflavone. The formation of dihydrodiols was inhibited by several epoxide hydratase inhibitors with consequent accumulation of phenols and an unidentified metabolite (possibly BP 4,5-oxide). Radiometric measurement of phenols, total dihydrodiols and individual dihydrodiols correlated well with the fluorometric assay of BP hydroxylase activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Management of injuries of the large intestine.

Blunt trauma accounted for 1/3 of the 32 patients operated upon for injuries of the large intestine and penetrating wounds for 2/3. Most of the blunt injuries (9/10) were caused by traffic accidents, and more than half of the penetrating ones (12/22) were stab wounds. The transverse colon was most commonly affected, followed by the ascending, descending and sigmoid colon, rectum and mesentery. Perforation of the small intestine was the most frequent associated intra-abdominal injury, occurring in 11 patients (34%). Most patients (22/32) underwent simple suture, 6 patients suture with proximal colostomy, 3 primary resection and one exteriorization, combined in all cases with broad-spectrum antibiotic coverage and drainage of the abdominal cavity. Injuries to the right and transverse colon were managed mainly with simple suture, and those to the left colon and rectum with suture and proximal colostomy. 50% of the patients had complications, most frequently wound infection and intra-abdominal abscess. The patients with simple suture had fewer complications than the others. In the absence of complicating factors injuries to the colon are best managed with simple suture, whereas in the presence of complicating factors and in injuries of the rectum, suture or resection with proximal colostomy, especially in cases of severe tissue destruction, remains the treatment of choice.

Accidents↗
PubMed1976

Spontaneous rupture of liver tumours.

Five geriatric patients with spontaneous rupture of the liver caused by hepatic malignancies were operated upon without mortality. Liver resection seems to be the treatment of choice, but in selected cases with unresectable tumours ligation of the hepatic artery alone is preferable to an attempt to control haemorrhage by packing and suture.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Prolonged recovery after extended right hepatic lobectomy in a patient with severe blunt liver injury and laceration of the vena cava. A report of case with special references to autotransfusion and complications of biliary decompression.

A patient with severe blunt liver injury and laceration of the vena cava who underwent a successful extended right hepatic lobectomy is reported. The use of autotransfusion unit saved the patient from exsanguination. His postoperative course was complicated by renal and hepatic failure, bile leakage, and persistent jaundice due to cholangitis. Prolonged choledochal drainage via T-tube obviously acted as a source of infection. The use of autotransfusion, choledochal drainage and the proper timing of its removal, the treatment of vena cava lesions and jaundice due to cholangitis in patients with severe liver trauma are discussed.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1975

A critical analysis of the cystic duct remnant.

The cystic duct remnant can be an etiologic factor for distress after cholecystectomy, justifying reoperation and excision of the stump. In connection with cholecystectomy, it is not justified to leave any cystic duct stump unless there is a special reason for it. Stones in the cystic duct remnant, overlooked or newly formed, scar tissues and cystic duct syndrome of whatever cause--inflammation and stasis of the bile, a poorly healing stump end and neuroma--can also be factors producing the discomfort. Unresorbable suture material which provokes foreign body granulomas should be avoided in operations upon the biliary tract since, together with even a normal nerve under pressure, it may cause biliary distress. For the same reason, special attention should be devoted to careful trimming of the cystic nerve in cholecystectomy, and ligation or cautery of nerve tissues should be avoided. The cystic duct remnant is more often visualized in peroperative cholangiography than in an intravenous examination but even then not unfailingly. The cholangiographic finding alone does not justify surgical intervention, since in a number of patients troubles deriving from elsewhere in the biliary tract or from adjacent organs persist and not all cystic stumps apparently produce discomfort.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Severe liver injury. Surgical treatment of eight consecutive cases.

A series of eight consecutive patients with severe liver injury is presented. Surgical treatment consisted of liver resection in four patients, one hepatic artery ligation and suture and drainage in three patients. Six patients survived. There were about three complications per patient, infection, and bile leakage being the most common. Of three patients who required hemodialysis for renal failure, only one survived. It is strongly recommended that an autotransfusion device should be ready to hand when a patient with severe liver injury is to be operated. In a case of massive bleeding from a lesion of the vena cava or major hepatic vein, autotransfusion could save the patient's life.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1975

Spontaneous rupture of the liver and the spleen: report of a successfully treated case with immunopathologic reaction.

A patient with a spontaneous rupture of the liver, followed by a spontaneous rupture of the spleen and gastrointestinal bleeding, is reported. The patient was operated for both ruptures and survived. We could not find any corresponding reports in the literature. Histological findings both in the liver and in the spleen were suggestive of an acute immunologic reaction and the symptoms of the patient resembled those of an autoimmune disease. Attention is drawn to the possibility that the ruptures of the liver and the spleen might have represented an allergic reaction reminiscent of the general type of Schwartzman reaction. This also could explain the other systemic manifestations of the disease. In the present patient steroid therapy eliminated all symptoms, and this possibility should be kept in mind when treating obscure ruptures of the liver and the spleen.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1975

Recurrent wound sinuses after cholecystectomy for salmonella paratyphi.

Several cases in which Salmonella, spread by the haematogenous route, produced localised inflammation have previously been described in the literature. The infecting of an operation wound through direct contamination by Salmonella has earlier been reported only once, in connection with appendectomy. The present case report describes a case in which recurrent sinuses infected by Salmonella were formed in the operative wound.

Bile↗