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Biomedical subjects

R Monks

Publications and source records attributed to R Monks.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

The globalization of nursing knowledge.

External influences placed upon nurses working in universities and in clinical practice require them to attract research funding, carry out research, generate new knowledge and publish in national and international journals. While there does not appear to be an agreed, unified body of nursing knowledge, critical and scholarly debate is essential to generate knowledge, but this is not an activity in which the majority of nurses can effectively participate. Nevertheless, nurses in the Western world are free to communicate their research, theories or ideas, essentially uncensored, to a vast invisible audience, and there is global dissemination through a vast array of literature and educational materials. This paper challenges nurses to examine the implications of globalization and suggests that the continuing debate on the nature of nursing knowledge should be updated to include consideration of both a change in philosophical stance and the far reaching effects of global dissemination of information.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1988

Biologic stability of tauro-23-[75Se] selena-25-homocholic acid.

The stability of tauro-23-[75Se]selena-25-homocholic acid (SeHCAT) towards deconjugation by the enzyme cholylglycine hydrolase was compared with that of taurocholate: whereas taurocholate underwent 58% deconjugation within 2 hr, SeHCAT suffered only 8% deconjugation plus 5% conversion to an unknown product within 24 hr. Incubation of SeHCAT under anaerobic conditions for 48 hr at 37 degrees C with human fecal organisms resulted in considerable deconjugation, 7 alpha-dehydroxylation, and dehydrogenation. Twenty-four hours after the simultaneous administration of SeHCAT and tauro-[24-14C]cholate to a rabbit the recovery of 75Se in bile was 90% of that of 14C. Forty-eight hours following administration of SeHCAT to a second rabbit residual bile radioactivity revealed 80% deconjugation and dehydroxylation and 60% reconjugation with glycine. Although SeHCAT is more resistant than taurocholate towards modification by fecal bacterial enzymes, within the rabbit it follows the principal metabolic pathways of the natural bile acids.

Amidohydrolases↗
PubMed1981

Se-75-labeled bile acid analogs, new radiopharmaceuticals for investigating the enterohepatic circulation.

Four selenium-labeled free bile acids and four selenium-labeled conjugated bile acids, labeled with Se-75 at the C-19, C-22, C-23, or C-24 position, have been synthesized and their absorption and excretion compared with that of [24-14C]cholic acid, following both oral and intravenous administration. All but one of the compounds is absorbed and excreted in bile to a significant extent. One compound, SeHCAT, has been selected for particular study. It is quantitatively absorbed from the gut at the same rate as cholic acid, and both are excreted into the bile at the same rate. It remains almost entirely confined to the enterohepatic circulation (the gut, liver, and biliary tree) and excretion is exclusively fecal. Whole-body retention, measured for 41 days, and tissue distributions suggest that the absorbed radiation dose would be small compared with that in many established tests. Such a compound offers the possibility of a simple, novel, and aesthetically acceptable method of investigating small-bowel disease. It therefore merits further investigation.

Administration, Oral↗