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Biomedical subjects

R Morton

Publications and source records attributed to R Morton.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Sarcoidosis: association with small bowel disease and folate deficiency.

A 30 year old woman with recurrent anaemia due to folate deficiency had evidence of sarcoid granuloma on small bowel biopsy but was presumed to have Crohn's disease. The diagnosis of small bowel sarcoidosis was not seriously considered until she developed systemic manifestations of sarcoidosis (cutaneous and pulmonary lesions) over the following 20 years. Sarcoidosis of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the small bowel, is rare and this case is unusual because bowel pathology preceded more generalised lesions. As far as is known it is also the first case to be described presenting with malabsorption of folic acid.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The image database: pictures and computers.

Information technology offers important new ways of using pictures for teaching in medicine. Methods for storing and delivering high quality images for computer-based learning systems are discussed.

CD-ROM↗
PubMed1990

Plasma porphyrins in chronic renal failure.

Using a quantitative sensitive HPLC fluorometric assay for the measurement of plasma and urine porphyrins, we have calculated the renal clearance of uro- and coproporphyrin in normal volunteers and in patients with congenital erythropoietic porphyria and hereditary coproporphyria (HCP). In patients with porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT), only uroporphyrin clearance was calculated. Plasma porphyrin concentrations were measured in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). All our CRF patients on haemodialysis (10) had raised plasma uroporphyrin, 4 had raised plasma heptacarboxyporphyrins and 2 had raised plasma coproporphyrin, unchanged by haemodialysis. CRF patients with raised uroporphyrins and 7-carboxyporphyrins could be distinguished from PCT in patients with normal renal function, by their higher uro/7-carboxyporphyrin ratio (8.0 vs. 1.7). Renal clearance of coproporphyrin was much greater in HCP than in any of the other groups studied. Since coproporphyrin clearance was less than creatinine clearance in most normal subjects, and because 2 patients with CRF had raised plasma coproporphyrin concentrations, we argue that the kidney is probably not a major source of coproporphyrin, as previously reported. Furthermore, the variability and degree of abnormality in plasma porphyrins in CRF would suggest caution in diagnosing chronic porphyria in patients with renal impairment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Factors determining maintenance of sinus rhythm after chronic atrial fibrillation with left atrial dilatation.

Successful therapy of atrial fibrillation (AF) has been reportedly influenced by a variety of factors including patient age, type of underlying heart disease, duration of arrhythmia, left ventricular function and left atrial (LA) size. To determine which of these factors are associated with maintenance of sinus rhythm after conversion, 43 patients with symptomatic chronic AF in the setting of a dilated left atrium (greater than or equal to 45 mm, range 45 to 78) were followed for at least 6 months after the return of sinus rhythm. Class IA drugs, IC drugs or amiodarone were used for therapy. Life table analysis showed sinus rhythm to be maintained in 81% for 6 months, 79% for 12 months and 60% for 24 months. Factors positively associated with success were conversion with drug therapy alone, duration of chronic AF less than or equal to 1 year, absence of mitral valve disease and LA dimension less than or equal to 60 mm (all p less than 0.05). Patient age, left ventricular function and presence of coronary disease were not associated with outcome. Thus, patients with moderate LA dilatation (45 to 60 mm) and a short duration of chronic AF can often be maintained in sinus rhythm, especially if they convert with pharmacologic intervention alone.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Fundamentals of stereophotography in medicine.

Depth perception is given by binocular vision and it can be reproduced photographically by taking left and right pictures. However, the optimum separation between the views may not always correspond to the distance between our eyes, particularly in close-up work. Important applications of stereophotography in medicine are examined in this article as well as some of the fundamental principles and techniques for taking 3-D pictures and viewing the results.

Depth Perception↗
PubMed1988

Oxygen enrichment of bag-valve-mask units during positive-pressure ventilation: a comparison of various techniques.

Bag-mask devices are used frequently to provide patients with positive-pressure-assisted ventilation. To increase the percentage of oxygen delivered (FDO2) from the bag, supplemental oxygen must be provided by way of an oxygen inlet nipple attached to the unit. Using ten medical volunteers and a test lung with oxygen analyzer, we studied the effect of several variables on the FDO2 and determined the most effective reservoir that would provide the highest consistent FDO2 from the ventilating port of the bag. An FDO2 of 1.00 was consistently provided by the 2.5-L bag reservoir and a demand-valve set-up attached to the reservoir port of the ventilating bag. Bag refill time significantly affected the FDO2 when no reservoir or corrugated tube reservoirs were used. Corrugated tube reservoirs were found to be more sensitive to all variations in ventilatory technique and to oxygen flow rates. From our findings we recommend that corrugated tube reservoirs not be used for oxygen supplementation, as they are sensitive to variations in ventilatory technique and cannot alert clinicians to problems with oxygen flow. While both the 2.5-L bag reservoir and demand-valve provide a consistent FDO2 of 1.00, the demand valve has the advantage of audible filling of the ventilating bag as well as being compact and independent of ventilatory technique.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1988

High prevalence of unrecognized osteomalacia in hospital patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

A consecutive series of 31 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) admitted over a 6-month period to the rheumatology unit of a District General Hospital were screened for possible osteomalacia. Transiliac bone biopsies were performed in 14 patients where the above diagnosis was suspected, yielding four (12.9%) cases of osteomalacia. All affected patients were elderly women who had a poor diet and were virtually housebound. Additional risk factors in two cases were partial gastrectomy and occult coeliac disease. Biochemical screening was of limited value in differential diagnosis, since elevated serum alkaline phosphatase levels were noted in both osteomalacic and non-osteomalacic patients. This study indicates that, in the West of Scotland at least, osteomalacia is a common, easily overlooked and treatable cause of morbidity in elderly patients with RA.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis presenting with polyarthritis.

Polyarthritis in lymphomatoid granulomatosis is rare. In the present report we describe a patient with lymphomatoid granulomatosis who presented with an acute inflammatory polyarthritis three years before the typical skin and pulmonary manifestations of the disease became evident.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Measles pneumonia: lung puncture findings in 56 cases related to chest X-ray changes and clinical features.

Fifty-six African children with pneumonia following measles were investigated. Lung puncture identified bacteria by culture or countercurrent immune electrophoresis in 38% and blood culture with blood countercurrent immune electrophoresis (CIE) identified a further 17%, a bacterial diagnosis being made in a total 55%. Pneumococcus was the most common organism found, occurring in 30% of all measles pneumonias. More severe changes on chest X-ray at presentation were associated with higher rates of bacterial identification and worse outcome at 2 weeks. Chest X-ray changes were worse and bacterial identification was more common in poorly nourished children. Pneumothoraces occurred following lung puncture in 21% and surgical drainage was needed in 11%.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1985

Cytomegalovirus and inflammatory bowel disease.

An 80 year old man was admitted to hospital with a 4 month history of diarrhoea with blood and mucus. The diarrhoea could not be controlled by a variety of drugs and he died 7 weeks later. Rectal biopsy showed both intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusional bodies consistent with cytomegalovirus infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Scrotal and testical changes in canine brucellosis: a case report.

An Irish Setter with scrotal enlargement had an agglutination titer to Brucella canis of greater than or equal to 1:200, but B canis was not cultured from the blood. Unusual findings included draining ulcers in the scrotum from which B canis was cultured, a necrotic testicle, and inflammation of the entire scotum. Other clinical and postmortem findings were as previously described in other cases of naturally occurring and experimentally induced canine brucellosis.

Animals↗